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Assignment Nursing Care Plan

   

Added on  2020-05-04

13 Pages3511 Words43 Views
Disease and Disorders
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CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE AND AOLs 1Clostridium-difficile and AOLsNameName of the ClassCity and StateInstructor Institution Date
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CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE AND AOLs 2IntroductionThe rationale of this essay is to discuss the activities of living and provide a nursing care plan following the case study of Mr. James, an 82-year-old male admitted to the medical ward with Clostridium difficult. The patient’s symptoms include watery diarrhoea, the temperature of 380C, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and sudden weight loss and a pathological state of unresponsiveness, inactivity and sleepiness (lethargy). Henceforth, this essay will discuss maintaining a safe environment, eating/drinking, elimination and personal cleansing/cleaning as activities of living related to the case study presented. It will also use a Nursing care plan to identify an issue from each of the mentioned AOL's and even present solutions or strategies to the above problems.Clostridium difficile or C-Diff is a bacterium that infects a person’s bowel and causes diarrhoea or severe inflammation of the colon (Abougergi et al. 2010). The use of systemic antibiotics like penicillin causes a normal bacteria flora of the bowel to be affected. Specifically, when the bacteria kill the competing bacterium in the colon, any left bacterium will have no competition for either nutrients or space. The whole effect is to allow more growth than the normal of a given bacteria, and C-diff is among them. Apart from proliferating in the bowel the bacterium also produces toxins. However, without the absence of toxin A or B, the bacterium may colonise the gut and may not necessarily lead to pseudo membrane colitis. Although the infection usually occurs in areas where people take antibiotics and are close to each other, it has been observed that strict infection control measures and nursing care plan can help reduce the risk of contracting the disease (Archbald-Pannone et al. 2010).
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CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE AND AOLs 3Activities of Living Related To the Case Study1.Personal cleansing and groomingActivities of daily living abbreviated as (AOL's) is a term used in the healthcare setting to refer to a persons’ daily self-care activities (Boult and Wieland 2010). Doctors and others healthcare experts use’s individual inability or ability to execute the AOL's as a measure of their functional status, especially to people with injuries, disability or the elderly like for the case of Mr. James. Ideally, children and people in critical condition usually require help either from a nurse, a friend or a family member to perform such functions. According to de Vrese et al. (2011), a way to think of the basic AOL's is that they’re the daily cues people do immediately they woke up in the morning as well as get ready to go out of the house, dress, eat and groom to mention just a few. C-diff affects the activity of living of cleansing and grooming of the body that include care ofthe nails, brushing, keeping neat /combed hair and cleansing of the skin to mention just a few. According to Lucky et al. (2011), clothes are purposely made for protection as well as personal adornment. Although Mr. James had been complaining of lethargy, it is evident that he may hardly have any energy left for him to execute the operations of personal cleansing and grooming. However, he should have a social mandate to keep his body and clothes clean as to prevent the spread of infection as well as infestations. However, some of the issues that might affect this private activity of living for the case of Mr. James include lack of privacy or facilities for cleansing especially during diarrhoea, development of an illnesses or a chronic disease due tofatigue, dressing apraxia where the client might have difficulties in dressing because of loss of
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CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE AND AOLs 4ability to do purposeful movements as a result of lethargy. For the case of poor or lack of cleansing and grooming, it can result to infestations such as body and head lice to the client. However, regarding clothing, a nurse creates a set of questions that can be borne in mind (Miyamoto et al. 2010). The questions cannot be necessarily asked when assessing the patients’ clothes such as are they clean from faeces, urine or bad odour, are they appropriate for the environment temperature or are the clothes socially necessary. For the case of Mr. James, a nurse should understand that both dignity and modesty are two nursing responsibilities for whichshe should be accountable. However, in the clinical setup, she should familiarise with different types of equipment as aids to the independence of personal cleansing and hygiene.2. EliminatingC-diff affects the AOL of elimination which has the mandate of eliminating waste products such as urine and faeces (Peyrade et al. 2010). This activity plays an integral role in thecase of MR. James where it is evident that he had been having watery diarrhoea, so it would be prudent for a nurse, a family member or a friend to ensure that the client is responding to the call of nature. However, some of the factors that might affect this activity of living include omitting to respond to bowel movements, reducing intake of fluids and fibre, immune deficiency syndrome and food poisoning. Medications such as antibiotics and analgesics can also affect eliminating activity. In the event of this activity, the nurse should be keen for the change in colour, odour, frequency as well as the quantity of the faeces and urine. The nurse should be aware of the normal bowel patterns as well as bladder function (Phillips et al. 2012). It would be prudent to note whether elimination is consistent or inconsistent and the level of frequency. Most
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