(Solved) Assignment on Biomedical Science

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Biomedical Science
Name
Date of Submission

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Task 1
Cell pathology is also the anatomical pathology involved in the study of organs, tissues and cells.
It is quite significant in the diagnostic protocols of medicine alongside other techniques. In
cytopathology, the individual cells are studied. When lung cancer is suspected in a patient, cell
pathology can be used to analyze the sputum samples (Ammanagi et al., 2012). Thus, the sputum
contains the mucoid cells from the buccal cavity such as microbes, inflammatory cells and other
foreign materials. Analysis of sputum provides central tumors and can be done in two steps. The
first one is to determine the presence of the tumor and, second, is to classify the tumor. The
sputum samples are decanted and placed on a glass slide and examined against a black
background. Presence of cancerous cells can be reported s presence of alveolar macrophages,
and pigmented macrophages and neutrophils. Additionally, ciliated columnar cells and mucous
spirals could be present.
Cancer in cervical smear: once cervical smears are collected from the patients, they are placed on
glass slides and screened and the abnormal cells marked. Then histology, which is part of cell
pathology is done to characterize the abnormal cervical cells into high-grade dysplasia. In this
case, the cervical smears with normal smear, low grade cytology and negative for the HPV are
classified as being free from high grade dysplasia.
melanocytic skin lesions: The melanoma cells are collected and staged using the histologic
features the skin tumor depth and ulcerations. The cell imaging methods are sued as a gold
standard for selecting possible skin atypical skin lesions for biopsy. Melanomas of the skin
develop from melanocytes which produce pigments due to mutations (Bhattacharya et al., 2017).
Cell pathology thus makes it possible to diagnose and characterize melanomas into stages.