Assignment on Epidemiology
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Added on 2020-03-02
Assignment on Epidemiology
Added on 2020-03-02
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Running head: EPIDEMIOLOGYEPIDEMIOLOGY[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees][Institutional Affiliation(s)]
2EPIDEMIOLOGYQ.1 “This table presents the incidence rate IR (cumulative) and population size for two regions” “Which of the following statements are True (if Any) – explain your answer by calculation if needed” a.There were the same number of cases in both regions [50 words]The incidence rate in Region A is calculated as (10/100) ×10000=1000 people while the incidence rate in Region B would be determined as (5/100) ×5000=250. It is thus false to say that the incidence rate in the two regions is the same. From the calculations, the incidence rate in Region A is higher at 1000 comparatively to RegionB which stands at 250[ CITATION JHA12 \l 1033 ].b.There were twice as many cases in region A then region B [50 words]The statement is false. From the calculations done in (a) above it has been found that the incidence rate at Region A is 1000 while that at Region B stands at 250. The prevalence in Region B is thus found to be a quarter the prevalence in Region A. In other words to arrive at the prevalence in Region B, the incidence rate in Region A is divided by 4 and vice versa to get the incidence rate in Region A[ CITATION Ric131 \l 1033 ].c.The risk of incurring the disease during the year was about the same for individual in region A as for those in region B [50 wordsSince the annual incidence rate in Region B was half that in Region A, the risk for individuals was much higher than, as high as twice, in region A[ CITATION Dea16 \l Region ARegion BPopulation size10,0005000IR of gastroenteritis 10 per 1005 per 100
3EPIDEMIOLOGY1033 ]. the incidence in Region A is given as 10 persons for every 100 while at RegionB is 5 persons for every 100 at different demographic values. This statement is therefore false.d.The risk of incurring the disease during the year was twice as high for individuals in region A as for those in region B. [50 words]Since the annual incidence rate in Region B was half that in Region A, the risk for individuals was much higher than, as high as twice, in region A. the incidence in Region A is given as 10 persons for every 100 while at Region B is 5 persons for every 100 at different demographic values[ CITATION Dea16 \l 1033 ]. This statement is therefore true. The risk of incurring the disease was twice higher for individuals in Region A as in region B.Q2 – “What will be the incidence rate of region A and Region B combined? [150 words]Regions A and B combined gives 1000+250=1250 cases. This means there is a total of 1250 individuals who are at a risk of the disease infection in the two regions during the year cumulatively[ CITATION WPa12 \l 1033 ]. The total population of the two regions is 10000+5000=15000. Using these statistics, the overall incidence rate can be calculated as (1250/15000)*100=8.333%. This is loosely translated as 8.33 persons per 100.The overall incidence rate is determined as the weighted mean of the two different rates and using the sizes of the population as weights. The size of a subpopulation is a factor in determining the effect of a subpopulation in the total population[ CITATION JHA12 \l 1033 ].Q3. “In an army base, where there is a complete change of personnel every 3 months and thetotal base is always 1000 (i.e., every 3 months 1000 new soldiers arrive and 1000 leave). Itwas found that 2000 soldiers incurred syphilis every year. What is the yearly cumulativeincidence of syphilis in this base? “ [100 or 150 words]
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