Nutritional Plans for Individuals

This assignment analyzes the specific dietary needs of two individuals: Yasmin, a diabetic vegan, and Ravi, who experiences constipation. It details their individual nutritional plans, factoring in their age, lifestyle, and health conditions. The paper also compares these plans, highlighting key differences due to their varying requirements. Additionally, it examines the factors influencing each person's dietary choices, such as personal preferences, budget constraints, and accessibility of food.

0Running head: FOOD AND NUTRITION
Food and Nutrition
Name of the Student
Name of University
Author’s note

FOOD AND NUTRITION
Table of Contents
Specific dietary needs of two individuals........................................................................................2
Nutritional plan for two individuals................................................................................................2
Factors influencing dietary needs for two individuals.....................................................................3
Comparison of nutritional plans......................................................................................................3
Factors influencing their dietary choices.........................................................................................3
References........................................................................................................................................5

FOOD AND NUTRITION
Specific dietary needs of two individuals
The main dietary need of Yasmin is to keep her high glycemic index in check via
reducing her carbohydrate consumption. However in order to satisfy her calorific needs she must
emphasize on total fat intake, a diet rich in fibre, increase whole grain intake, higher intake of
green leafy vegetables and specific whole fruits like blueberries, apples, grapes along with
dietary products (Ley et al. 2014). Dietary needs for Ravi are high fibre and gluten. Both this
dietary ingredient is known to improve constipation. Soluble fibre (found in beans, fruits and
oats) is known to work best Irritable Bowel Syndrome (National Institute of Diabetes and
Diabetes and Kidney Diseases 2017).
Nutritional plan for two individuals
The nutritional plan for both the individuals will depend upon their age, sex and body
weight. The nutritional plan for Yasmin include healthy vegan diet low in cholesterol and
saturated fatty acids and must be balanced enough to include protein, fibre, blood glucose levels
(Yokoyama et al. 2014). However, according to Ley at al. (2014), improved glycemic control or
risk of cardiovascular disease is not associated with vegan diet. Yasmin can also follow
Mediterranean diet which includes vegetables, fruits and plant fats (National Health Service UK
2017). The nutritional plan of Ravi must follow low FODMAP diet. FODMAP is an acronym
for Fermentable Oligosaccharide (Galacto-oligosaccharide- legume beans)
Disaccharide (lactose- milk icr-cream) Monosaccharide (fructose- honey, mango) and
Polyols (Mannitol, Sorbitol, Maltitol – apples, mushroom, apricots) (National Institute of
Diabetes and Diabetes and Kidney Diseases 2017).

FOOD AND NUTRITION
Factors influencing dietary needs for two individuals
There are several factors that modulate dietary needs of an individual. Inn case of
Yasmin, she is a women and hence she needs high calcium and iron diet. Moreover, she is a
vegan so even if diabetes plan support intake of animal products like milk and meat, Yasmin
cannot consume the same. Yasmin is 35 years old her daily calorie intake must be 1800 to 2000
calorie and hence her diet must include more protein to compensate the calorific needs
(Krishnamurthy et al. 2012). In case of Ravi, he is now retired hence his calorie intake must be
restricted as his might now lead a sedentary life under sheer relaxation. In order to cut down on
calorie, Ravi must resist excess fructose and lactose (dairy desserts, honey, mango and cheese)
instead he may concentrate on yoghurt (National Institute of Diabetes and Diabetes and Kidney
Diseases 2017).
Comparison of nutritional plans
Dietary plan for Yasmin must never include glucose or carbohydrate like ice-creams,
dairy desserts, condensed milk, mango and high fructose corn soup as this will increase her
glycemic index. However, these are crucial for Ravi has he is suffering from inflammatory bowel
disease and above mentioned food is known to ease constipation. However, the dietary chart of
both the individual must include foods like apples, water melon and yoghurt.
Factors influencing their dietary choices
Yasmin is a vegetarian hence she will choose vegetarian diet only. However, it is not
clear that whether she is lacto-vegan, ovo-vegan ovo-lactovegan. Yasmin is suffering from
diabetes since her childhood so her dietary choices must include diabetes super food like
sardines, fibre, cinnamon, vinegar and berries (National Health Service UK 2017). The main

FOOD AND NUTRITION
factor which might influence Ravi’s dietary choices is price of food and availability of money as
he has recently retired as bank manager.

FOOD AND NUTRITION
References
Krishnamurthy, V.M.R., Wei, G., Baird, B.C., Murtaugh, M., Chonchol, M.B., Raphael, K.L.,
Greene, T. and Beddhu, S., 2012. High dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased
inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney
international, 81(3), pp.300-306.
Ley, S.H., Hamdy, O., Mohan, V. and Hu, F.B., 2014. Prevention and management of type 2
diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies. The Lancet, 383(9933), pp.1999-2007.
National health service., 2017. Healthy Eating for Vegetarians and Vegan.viewed 3 February
2018.
fromhttps://www.medicinenet.com/type_1_diabetes_diet/article.htm#what_is_type_1_diabetes.
National Institute of Diabetes and Diabetes and Kidney Diseases 2018., viewed3 February 2018.
From https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/irritable-bowel-
syndrome/eating-diet-nutrition
Yokoyama, Y., Barnard, N.D., Levin, S.M. and Watanabe, M., 2014. Vegetarian diets and
glycemic control in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovascular diagnosis
and therapy, 4(5), p.373.