Urban Tourism: Impact on Tourist Activities & Hospitality in UK

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of urban tourism and its significant impact on tourist activities and the hospitality business in the United Kingdom. It begins by defining urban tourism and differentiating it from other forms of tourism, emphasizing its focus on domestic culture, urban facilities, and local experiences. The report analyzes the economic benefits of urban tourism, including its contribution to employment, urban income, and quality of life, while also acknowledging potential drawbacks such as environmental pollution and strain on local resources. It further investigates consumer behavior in urban tourism, highlighting the growing importance of pro-environmental practices and the shift towards sustainable ecotourism. The research methodology employed involves an interpretivist approach, utilizing both primary and secondary data to explore the benefits and drawbacks of urban tourism and its effects on the hospitality sector, including accommodation, transportation, and entertainment services. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and offering insights into the future of urban tourism in the UK.

URBAN TOURISM

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Aim..............................................................................................................................................1
Research Objectives....................................................................................................................1
Research Questions.....................................................................................................................2
Rationale.....................................................................................................................................2
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................2
Terminology of Urban tourism...................................................................................................2
Impact of Urban tourism on tourist activities and hospitality business......................................4
Benefits and drawbacks of Urban tourism on tourist activities and hospitality business:..........4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................5
Research Philosophy...................................................................................................................5
Research approach......................................................................................................................5
Research design...........................................................................................................................6
Sampling.....................................................................................................................................6
Data collection............................................................................................................................6
Data analysis...............................................................................................................................7
Ethical considerations.................................................................................................................7
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................19

INTRODUCTION
Urban tourism is related to tourism activities where the focus of travellers and tourist
enterprise is on city. It is the aspect of tourism which helps in promoting domestic culture of
country. In this tourism, the travellers are able to access domestic and urban facilities of country.
The use of urban resources are increasing tourism activities in UK because it encourages
travellers to explore local areas and places of country. It helps in promoting familiar feeling to
tourists which has doubled tourism business. However, urban tourism is one of the factors which
is leading to exploitation of natural resources and wastage. In addition, the field report is focused
on analysing aspect of urban tourism and its sub factors which encourages interest of travellers in
activities of city (Williams, Weidenfeld and Butler, 2016). Further, it will be focusing on
analysing tourism substantial contribution to economic benefits. In addition, it will analyse that
the contribution from urban tourism is used by government for what all purposes. It will help in
developing critical understanding over the different aspects and impact of urban tourism on
hospitality and tourism business of United Kingdom.
Apparently, it can be said that urban tourism helps in managing marketing and activities
of industry with regard to experience of travellers. It is the concept which helps in promoting
urban environment of country which is related to exploring of cultural perspective and travellers
preferences for tourist destination. Further, urban tourism is completely different from other
tourism activities because in tourism plan, the companies aim at setting plan for travellers
according to specific outskirt's location (Zouain and Plonski, 2015). In this, the focus of tourism
firm is to make travellers aware about the ancient and heritage sites. On the other hand, exploring
of urban environment enables opportunities to travellers in assessing domestic facilities and real
environment of country. Urban tourism is most preferred by visitors because it helps in involving
in different lifestyles of various countries.
Aim
“To explore the aspects of urban tourism and its impact on tourist activities and hospitality
activities of United Kingdom”
Research Objectives
 To analyse the concept of urban tourism
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 To ascertain the impact of urban tourism on tourist activities and hospitality business of
United Kingdom
 To assess the drawback and benefits of urban tourism on tourist activities and hospitality
business
Research Questions
 Explain the concept of urban tourism?
 How urban tourism impacts tourist activities and hospitality business of United
Kingdom?
 What are the drawback and benefits of urban tourism on tourist activities and hospitality
business?
Rationale
Urban tourism has become dilemma for the government as it shares different concept of
tourism which are directly related to exploring of domestic environment of country. The motive
behind conducting this study is to explore different aspects of unban tourism activities and their
impact on hospitality business of UK. The focus of research is on academic resources which will
require information from different primary and secondary resources.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Terminology of Urban tourism
According to Ashworth and Page, 2011, Urban tourism is a tourism activity which takes
place mainly in the cities or urban areas. It is the most significant mode of promoting tourism in
country. People with all the means and resources have an inclination towards town and cities as
tourist destination and to visit and experience the culture, art, music, literature, architecture and
urban design of such cities and town. Travelling to cities have become easier and faster and
cheaper with time. However, Hayllar, 2010, has discussed about urban tourism product where
cities can offer different type of products and services which are being in demand by the tourists
and at market places. The variety of products can be material or non material such as specific
location, particular place. Services that can offered by the cities can be transportation, building,
and architecture services. The number and diversity of attraction, proximity to other attractions,
level of transport, quality of accommodation all are considered as main attributes of urban
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tourism. However, according to Tel Aviv the beach and leisure components are strength of urban
tourism and accommodation, transportation, architecture and cleanliness are the weakness of
urban tourism.
As per the views of Füller and Michel, 2014, Urban tourism has its own impact on
growth of economy which are analysed with the help of development. Like, urban tourism may
opportunities have emerged like employment opportunities, growth of urban income, quality of
life, income redistribution. However, it also brings in negative impacts such as air pollution and
decreases availability of city centres and monuments to the local inhabitants. Further,
Colantonio, 2017 has outlined trends of urban tourism is considered as-meeting the needs of
tourist and needs of local people at the same time. Nowadays the focus of urban tourism has
shifted from tourism destination to ecotourism and eco-resorts. The focus is on four pro-
environmental behaviour: recycling, green food consumption, green transportation and
sustainable energy and material use. This sustainable ecotourism is based on pro-environmental
behaviour of tourist and also the local people. It is considered that this pro-environmental
behaviour becomes weak when the locals becomes tourists. Existing habits have a very large
influence over these pro-environmental behaviour. Available facilities are the second reason for
such influence. However, urban tourism pro-environmental behaviour differs from residents and
eco tourism.
Rogerson, 2013, has stated about Consumer behaviour is the most researched area in the
field of tourism. It involves decisions and certain criteria. Activities, ideas and experiences that
satisfy consumer needs and wants. It involves activities which directly related to obtaining,
consuming and disposing of product and services to the tourists. In addition, the terms used for
research for area of inquiry are travel behaviour or tourism behaviour. Markusen and Gadwa,
2010, has stated about model of tourist behaviour while considering the social and psychological
influence on individual travel behaviour. The scholar has discussed about advancing the
consumer behaviour in tourism industry by reviewing four concepts : ego involvement, loyalty
and commitment, family decision making and novelty seeking. Thus, with the discussion on
urban tourism, it has been found that urban tourism has been evolving since past few decades
and tourist are more attracted towards urban tourism. Also, tourist are giving more importance to
pro-environmental behaviour. And tourism industry is inclining more towards consumer
behaviour.
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Impact of Urban tourism on tourist activities and hospitality business
As per the view Zouain and Plonski, 2015, The concept of urban tourist is defined the
activities which include entertainment in held in cities and the impact of urban tourism on tourist
activities in hospitality industry the tourist are visit on UK the main impact goes to tourist
activities is the tourism organization are present those places for which is attracted the visitor.
The much tourism company are main aim to provide their customer all facilities which they like
most. Mostly the tourism organisation are serve their services to tourist is entertainment serve
and provide those places in city which are old and interesting which impact gone the tourist
activity they are visit again to those places which they like most. In the hostility industry the
urban tourism provide many activities which impact gone to tourism industry and the visitors as
well. Many visitors are come in UK to different purpose. Some people are come to business
purpose and some are come to enjoying their holiday and study about the city historical place.
According to Ariani, 2018,The urban tourism may focus on city places which is museum,
natural place, old historical place. All those tourisms places impact going to tourist they attract
moist all the city site and they visit again. The maim impact of the hospitality business in urban
tourism hospitality industry provide visitors to many service like accommodation, transportation
hotel service and other service which is help for visitor to comfortably spend their holiday. The
main impact gong to the hospitality business on tourist activities they serve many services in the
area of tourism business like for the tourist hospitality business are provided entertainment
service for the visitor who are stay in hotel or resort they all know s about the customers' facility
and their entertainments service. Like organize party born fire, disco, pub and bar etc.
Benefits and drawbacks of Urban tourism on tourist activities and hospitality business:
According to Uddin, 2014,Benefits of urban tourism is they provide their tourist to city
sites activities, visit to natural places in country, historical places etc. the urban tourism in UK
provide their visitor to most attractive places and activities which is attracted more to the
customers and they visit again. Benefits of urban tourism is they provide their service only in the
city and they visitor are today know about city all places they also serve hospitality service to the
country people and provide the best activities in the city like mountain riding and hill climbing,
city site, visit to sunset point each activities are provided by the urban tourism. The best benefits
for students to having service of urban tourism in hospitality they provide city old historical
places which is help learn for the student who arr visit to research about the historical places.
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As per the view Zouain and Plonski, 2015,The drawback of urban tourism is only
covered city area and the city tour, the min drawback of the urban tourism is city having much
traffic so some time visitor have problem to going to the destination. Other drawback are in the
urban tourism is exploitation, transparency and the all type of pollution each effect the tourism
activity like those are effects the city tour of tourist. In the hospitality industry urban tourism
defined drawback in food quality. For example- some time people are having bad food quality
which is affects hospitality business and also and also effects the tourism business because
tourism business is referred the hospitality service to having customers. In the hospitality
industry draw back are occurred in accommodation area and transportation area where some time
visitor are faced room related problem and transport related problem. For example some time
wrong room allotted by hotel staff and visitor face problem.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology is the essential part of project as it establishes different ways of collecting
and understanding research topic. It derives use of different methodological tools which can
assist in making study effective and efficient. However, it enables use of different philosophy
and approaches to making study logical.
Research Philosophy
Philosophy in research is based on developing critical understanding over research topic.
It helps in focusing on all the necessary details which can assist in daring better and specific
outcomes. Apparently, it can be said that this technique is based on encouraging researcher
knowledge on research tittle (Geerts, 2011). There are two research philosophy that is positivism
and interpretivism where positivism philosophy is based on observation which is effective but
cannot rely in order to outline results. Nevertheless, interpretivism offers reliable solution as it
helps in dealing findings which are of human interest. Thus, in this study on urban tourism and
its impact the scholar will implement the use of interpretivism as it will aid in clearly
understanding aspect of urban environment for tourism activities and its impact on tourism
activities on hospitality business.
Research approach
It helps in generalising and specifying information according to needs to outcomes and
research topic. There are two types of research approaches that is inductive and deductive where
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deductive is focused on implementing theories and models. However, inductive approach is
based on logical reasoning for making critical arguments on collected data. Thus, in this study
the scholar will focus on implementing use of inductive approach which will helps in logically
analysing information. The approach will help in developing clear understanding for entire
discussion of study.
Research design
Research design helps in setting roadmap for conducting study. It derives easiest and
stepwise approach for drawing final conclusion with the help of collected and analysed
information. There are different types of research design that is descriptive, experimental,
exploratory, etc. Every research design offers different patterns of making study viable and
ethical. In experimental research design, researcher focuses on experimenting situation with the
help of controlled trials (Gale, Heath and Redwood, 2013). However, in exploratory study, the
individual focuses on exploring different aspect and sources research aims which can assist in
making viable conclusions. Thus, in this study, investigator will implement the use of
exploratory design where the scholar will be focused on analysing every viable and considerable
source for making project effective.
Sampling
Sampling is the most crucial part of study as in this the focus of investigator is on
choosing people or sources which are viable for data collection process. In this process
researcher aims at segregating small population from large group. There are different sampling
methods which can be used by scholar such as random, cluster, stratified, probable, non-probable
etc. However, in this research on urban tourism the individual will make of random sampling
where the sample will be 20 randomly chosen students of Cambridge University.
Data collection
Collecting data is the more critical part of study as in this the scholar focuses on
extracting information from different sources. The collected information helps in developing
understanding over the research topic in order to frame assumption. There are two data collection
methods that is primary and secondary where secondary information is based on past researches
and findings. However, primary information is based on current trends and is collected via field
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work (Miller, Birch and Jessop, 2012). Secondary data is extracted from governmental
publication, online books, blogs, journals whereas primary is gathered with the help of interview,
questionnaire, survey, focus group etc. Thus, in this study the scholar will implement the use of
both data collection method. In this project secondary information will be used for discussion of
literature review and will be collected from journals, articles, researches etc. Apparently, primary
research will be collected by interviewing 20 sampled respondents of Cambridge University with
the help of questionnaire.
Data analysis
Data Analysis is the most complex part of study because it is interpretation of collected
data which helps in drawing findings and results. Analysis of gathered information helps in
deriving final outcomes of study (Zumitzavan and Michie, 2015). There are two data analysis
method that is qualitative and quantitative where quantitative analysis helps in evaluating
information in measurable terms with the help of numerical data. However, in qualitative
analysis the researcher aims at analysing information on the basis of theoretical concepts. Thus,
in this study the scholar will implement the use of qualitative analysis where the researcher will
interpret data in descriptive form with the help of thematic analysis.
Ethical considerations
Ethical consideration is the foremost part of study where researcher needs to assure
various factors such as protecting interest of participants at the time of data collection. Violation
of rules when gathering information from primary and secondary sources. Therefore, in this
study the researcher will be focusing individual beliefs and values for tourism. No individuals
will be forced to share personal information which can interrupt their privacy. Apart from this,
the scholar will seek for permission from authorities of Cambridge University for conducting
interview. Moreover, to make research more viable and ethical the scholar will focus on
referencing information which will increase the reliability of information.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Theme 1: Yes, urban tourism has increased tourism activities in UK
Do you believe Urban tourism has increased tourism activities in UK? Frequency
Yes 11
7

May be 4
No 5
Interpretation: As per them 1, it has been evaluated that majority of respondent believes that
urban tourism has increased tourism activities in UK. In accordance to these people, it has been
discovered that the students believes that allowing tourist to explore the city helps the country in
promoting real culture and values followed by domestic citizens. Further, the students stated that
it is the activities also promotes growth opportunity not only for tourism and hospitality
organisation but also for local enterprises. However, according to 4 students urban tourism has
increased tourism activities but on the other hand the respondents discussed that UK is already a
most likeable tourist sport due to its cultural heritage sites.
Theme 2 : Business to local entrepreneurs is the benefits of urban tourism
What according to you are the benefits of urban tourism? Frequency
Economic development 7
Business to local entrepreneurs 10
Increasing hospitality business 3
8
Yes May be No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12 11
4
5 Frequency

Interpretation: According to theme 2, it has been evaluated that 10 respondents believes that
urban tourism has benefit local entrepreneurs in growing their business. The goods and services
of these enterprises are specialised for tourist attraction but were not successful due to outskirts
tourism activities (Maxim, 2016). However, as per 7 respondents increasing tourist in cities of
UK has assisted in promoting economic development because it has increased business
contribution to economy of country. Thus, in accordance to this, it can be concluded that urban
tourism is effective for boosting business of local star-ups and economic development.
Theme 3: Yes, urban tourism impacts planning of tourism companies.
Do you believe Urban tourism impacts planning of tourism companies? Frequency
Yes 9
May be 6
No 5
9
Economic development
Business to local entrepreneurs
Increasing hospitality business
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
7
10
3
Frequency
9
6
5
Yes
May be
No

Interpretation: In accordance to theme 3, it has been evaluated that majority of respondents of
Cambridge university believes that urban tourism impacts planning of tourism organisation
because at the time of panning the individual outlines the tourist destination which will be visited
in particular time span. But the interest of travellers impacts over all plan of organisation for
particular scheme. Apparently, according to 5 students it does not impact planning for companies
because the travel companies are strict with their locations and sites which needs to be visited.
There are cases where the tourist plans urban tourism but at the time the firm provided specific
time in between of routine to keep a hold over planned trip.
Theme 4: Exploitation of resources is the major drawback of Urban tourism
What according to you is the major drawback of Urban tourism? Frequency
Exploitation of resources 12
Interference in domestic environment 5
Increasing crime 3
Interpretation: As per theme 4, it has been evaluated that according to 12 students of university
the major drawback of Urban tourism is exploitation of resources which is harming stability of
local people. Tourist do not aim at recycling and limiting resource instead the focus of individual
is on assessing more and more resources without understanding proper uses. However, these are
the condition of urban tourism which becomes drawback to country and its resource like, water,
food, energy etc. On the other, from the interview it has been demonstrated that according to 5
10
12 5
3
Exploitation of
resources
Interference in
domestic
environment
Increasing crime