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STA510 Business Statistics Assignment Solution

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Added on  2019-09-30

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The article provides a detailed solution to the STA510 Business Statistics assignment. It covers topics like regression line, standard error of estimate, t-test, coefficient of determination, and more. The article is divided into two parts, and each part has multiple questions with their solutions.

STA510 Business Statistics Assignment Solution

   Added on 2019-09-30

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Assignment: STA510 Business StatisticsPART A:Question 1 – Case Studya) The equation of the least squares regression line is given as: ŷ = b0 + b1xwhere b0 = the y-intercept b1 = the slope of the regression line According to the excel sheet, the label A19 gives the intercept of the regression line and label A20 gives the street score on the dexterity test (i.e. slope)Hence, the equation of the least squares regression line isŷ = 183.2621 + 122.3153xwhere ŷ = estimated selling price of the house x = rating of the street from 0 (lowest appeal) to 10 (highest appeal)The slope of the regression equation is positive, suggesting a direct relationship between rating of the street and the selling price of the house. This indicates due to the high level of the slope (b1 = 122.3153) the price of the house increases significantly with the street rating.b) The standard error of estimate can be directly obtained from the given excel sheet label A7Hence, the standard error of estimate (Se) = 225.5847The large value of the standard error of estimate shows a greater amount of scatter in the price data. This means that with the increase in the rating of the house from 0 (lowest appeal) to 10 (highest appeal), the price of the house increases significantly.
STA510 Business Statistics Assignment Solution_1
c) t-test for the slope (b1) of the regression line:Null hypothesis H0 : b1 = b10 (the slope is b10)Alternative hypothesis H1 : b1 ≠ b10 (the slope is not b10)Test statistics t = (b1 - b10)/sb1where b1 = slope of the regression line b10 = hypothesized value for slope of regression line sb1 = the estimated standard deviation of the slopeTesting H0: b1 = 0 versus H1: b1 ≠ 0For the n = 120 houses in the test sample, we have already calculated the standard error of estimate (Se) = 225.5847 and the standard deviation of the slope (sb1) can be obtained from the excel sheet label C20 as 10.77271.Let us assume b10 = 0The observed value of the test statistic is Observed t = (b1 - 0)/sb1 = (122.3153 – 0)/10.77271 = 11.3542Now, we see that the calculated test statistic (t = 11.3542) is also equal to the t statistics calculated during the test. Referring to the t-distribution table, for the 0.05 level of significance and number of degrees of freedom (df) = n – 2 = 120 – 2 = 118, the critical values of t are – 1.960 to + 1.960.Thus, at the 0.05 level, the test statistic is outside the critical values and so we are able to reject the null hypothesis that the slope of the regression line could be zero.95% confidence interval for the slope of the regression line:For n = 120 data points, the number of degrees of freedom for the t distribution will be df = n – 2 =118.Referring to the t distribution table, t = 1.960 will correspond to 95% confidence interval:From b1 - tsb1 to b1 + tsb1or 122.3153 – 1.960*10.77271 to 122.3153 + 1.960*10.77271or from 101.2 to 143.43We have 95% confidence that the slope (b1) of the regression line is in the interval bounded by 101.2 and 143.43. Since b1 = 0 is not within the 95% interval, we can conclude, at the 0.05 level, that a linear relationship exist between house price and the street rating score.
STA510 Business Statistics Assignment Solution_2
d) The coefficient of determination, r2 can be obtained from the excel sheet label B5 asr2 = 0.522107 or 52.2107%The coefficient of determination, r2 gives an idea of how well the regression line fits the data in the sample test. But here the r2 is only 52.2107% which means that many of the data are above or below the regression line by significant amount (Nagelkerke, 1991). This is obvious from the fact that the selling price of the house is dependent on various factors viz. bay views, Grand Street, size of the house, size of the block, design of and fitting in the house, etc. These factors play a significant role in increasing the price of the house.So, yes the street rating appears to be a good predictor of the house prices keeping in mind the given factors.e) The information that has been gathered from the above calculations give a clear understanding that the sample that was obtained from the 120 houses gives a clear picture of the large variation in the selling price of the house which depends on various factors viz. bay views, Grand Street, size of the house, size of the block, design of and fitting in the house, etc.The large value of standard error of the estimate (Se) shows a greater amount of variation in the selling price of the house data (Irwin, 1949). This shows that all the data points does not fit on the line and are above and below the line by huge margin.The slope of the regression line, b1 = 122.3153 lies between the critical values 101.2 and 143.43 which shows that the equation of regression line is a good estimation of the data and the selling price of the house. Moreover, the coefficient of determination is around 52.2107% which gives us an idea of the variation of the prices of the house.Keeping these factors in mind, one can say that the statistics obtained from the sample data are a fairly good estimation of calculating the price of a given house with its street rating.
STA510 Business Statistics Assignment Solution_3

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