AT1- Case study 1, T1-2020 | Assignment

AT1- Case study 1, T1-2020 Student Number: xxxxxxx
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AT1 case study 1 (72 marks available) – Elena and Lucas
Question 1A: Case Study summary (6 marks): Please list the key information you can extract from
the case study to provide some context for the questions which follow. You should include key
information such as lifestyle habits pre-pregnancy, clients’ age (including the foetus’ age), current
activity levels, dietary habits and living arrangements.
Elena is twenty years old, in second preganacy. In order to keep herself healthy during
preganacy – she has quitted the psychsocial habits of drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes. She
started eating healthy food plus exercising. She ran 5 kilometers for upto four times a week till 25
weeks of preganacy post which she shifted to walking.The foetus is at 31st weeks, healthy.
Question 1B (12 marks): Using chapter two of “Growth, Maturation, and Physical Activity”
complete the table below to define some of the KEY physiological and structural changes which will
occur for the foetus, Lucas, from conception to his current developmental stage.
Egg (zygote) - Embryo Embryo - Foetus Foetal development
Time frame for
each
developmental
stage:
0-2weeks 3-8weeks 9- 31weeks
Recall the key
structural
changes
occurring at
each stage:
 blastocyst develops
 Implantation occurs.
1. Neural tube
formed [1]
2. eyes, mouth,
ears, nose,
head formed.
3. Placenta,
amniotic sac
formed
 heart, limbs, eyes,
palate, external ear
formed
 Central nervous system
formed.
Recall some of
the key
physiological
(movements,
 Vascularization
around placenta
 placental
functions
established
 ‘Startle response’ is
established
 foetal circulation

AT1- Case study 1, T1-2020 Student Number: xxxxxxx
reflexes etc)
developments
that may occur
at each stage:
 human
gonadotrophic
hormone
released [2]
established
Indicate some
of the key
factors that
influence pre-
natal growth
and
development
(use the foetal
development
column):
 Rh factor
 Age
 Drugs
 Environmental
factors
 Infections
Question 1C (2 marks): In ~100 words briefly describe the current developmental phase of Lucas
and what you expect (birth weight range etc) when he is born at full term.
The current developmental status of Lucas is absolutely normal and fine. Both physiological
and the anatomical milsetones have been reached in a normal manner. Considering the 31ST week
structural and the physiological state of the foetus and considering the current state of normal
development, a normal child birth outcome is expected. A birth weight range of almost 2.5 to 4.4 kg,
normal color and normal muscle tone (not hypertonia or hypotonia), without any functional defect and
without any anatomical defect is expected. No complications such as Blue baby syndrome, Floppy
child syndrome, perinatal asphyxia, abnormal heart rate is expected.
Question 2A (12 marks): In the table below list the KEY physiological, structural, endocrine, and
cognitive changes that Elena will experience during pregnancy and into the postpartum period?
Structural Physiological Endocrine Cognitive
During
pregnancy
 Breasts and
 Uterus size
increases [5]
 Heart rate,
blood volume
increases
 Braxton hicks
 Human
gonadotropin
hormone
secretion
 Thryroid
hormone
increases [7]
 Mood swings
 Memory issues
 Executive
functioning
issues
Postpartu
m
(following
delivery of
placenta
can be 6
weeks to 6
months
after
delivery)
 Distented
structures
normalizes
 Lactation
begins
 Involution of
uterus
 Estrogen,
progresteron
e normalises
 Improved
verbal
memnory

AT1- Case study 1, T1-2020 Student Number: xxxxxxx
Question 2B (2 marks): Considering the information provided to you in the case study and the
information you have provided above in the table, briefly describe Elena’s current pregnancy stage
(~100 words).
Considering the information provided to you in the case study and the information you have
provided above in the table, the Elena’s current preganacy state is normal and there are no
complications that has been reported. The structural that is the natomical, the functional that is the
physiological and the cognitive that is the psychological and the endocrinal that is the hormonal
changes as mentioned above in the table are normal and there are no complications as such but in the
post partpum stage, after the baby is born – care must be taken to prevent any post partum maternal
complications [3].
Question 3A (5 marks): In the table below list how physical activity prior to pregnancy, during
pregnancy and postpartum influence the physiological, structural, social and/or cognitive growth of
Lucas?
Structural Physiological Social Cognitive
Pre-
pregnancy
Sets tone for normal
anatomical
development
Sets tone for
functionally normal
child
Improved genetic
transmission of
social skills
Improved genetic
transmission of
cognitive skills
During
pregnancy
Stimulate proper
organogenesis
Improved foetal
circulation
Predispose normal
social development
Imrove neurocognitive
development
Post-
partum
Enhance physical
development
Improve functional
development
Enhance social
development
Normal cognitive
development
Question 3B (5 marks): In the table below list how physical activity prior to pregnancy, during
pregnancy and postpartum influence the physiological, structural, social and/or cognitive
development of Elena?
Structural Physiological Social Cognitive
Pre-
pregnancy
Hypertrophy of
muscles.
improved
cardiovascular status
Develop
intrapersonal skills
Better attention
During
pregnancy
Stimulate
vascularization
Adress the metabolic
needs of patients
Reduce social
anxiety
Better memory and
attention
Post-
partum
Normalizing distended
structures
Improved
cardiovascular status
Maintain
psychosocial health
Enhance recovery
process.
Question 4A (14 marks): In ~200 words and with supporting literature describe the physical activity
guidelines for exercise prior to, during and following pregnancy. Pay particular attention to indicated
and contraindicated exercises. Hint: look to the Pregnancy and Exercise guidelines on the “Better