Impact of 11 September Attack on International Relations

This essay discusses the impact of the 9/11 terrorist attack on the international relations of the United States with other countries. It explores how the attack divided the world into supporters and opponents of the US and examines the changes in foreign policies and international alliances that occurred as a result.

Attacks 11
September

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Impact of 11 September attack on International Relations..........................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
September 11 terrorist attack also known as 9/11 attack that happened in United State in
the year 2001. This incident became the destruction of Twin Towers and also gave negative
impact on the United States development. In this, almost 3000 people lost their lives and became
the reason of geopolitical and international causes. In this occurrence, one of the famous building
that is twin tower has been destroyed by terror organization (Aday, 2017) After this happening,
lots of chaos was there within USA and also impacted the image of USA all over the world. It is
also said that this attack is conspiracy but has not been justified due to lack of evidence as all
were either killed or died on spot. This is one of the most planned incident ever happened which
impacted international relationship of US with other countries. The aim of this essay is to
highlight the international relations of U.S with other countries that have been impacted with this
terror attack.
MAIN BODY
The 9/11 September attack is one of the deadliest and major terrorist violence being done
by Al-Qaeda group against the World Trade Centre and Pentagon, United Sates. This was one of
the major incident in history which caused a major destruction to the country. The attack resulted
in the huge loss of infrastructure, property destruction and many causalities (Grundy, 2017). The
impact of this attack lead to health deterioration which is being faced by people till now. This
incident resulted in impacting the international relations of Unites States with other countries
also.
Impact of 11 September attack on International Relations.
The fatality of the September 11, American attack resulted in the division of whole globe
into two parts, the supporters and opponents. There was paradigm shift in international system.
This destruction resulted in affecting global market in form of damaging relations between
American and Middle Eastern countries. The major groups included in this were Al-Qaeda,
Laden community and Muslims. This created division between Muslim American Community
(Katz, 2016).
Due to this incident, America faced many problems in form of international policies and
international relation. United State government improved the military operations so that country
can deal with the political pressure. After the attack, most of the nations offered their support to

America. Most of the Middle Eastern countries also offered their Pro- American support as their
respective governments like Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Palestinian Authority officially concerned
about the attack. After the September 11 terrorist incident, other countries were also experienced
the incident between Muslims and non – Muslims countries (Lowell and et. al., 2018). After this
occurrence, America gained an adequate support from other foreign countries and American
president also gained remarkable support from British P.M. Tony Blair. PM Blair also embarked
on 2 months of the diplomacy to the rally international support through the military action. PM
Blair conducted at least 54 meetings on regular basis with the leaders of other countries and also
travelled more than 60000 Km. Iran fifth president, Mohammad Khatami also conducted meeting
with the British Foreign Sectary and show his concerned about the terrorist attack.
The September 11 terrorist attack by the Al- Qaeda affects most of the American people.
After the respective incident, it generates a new era in the American foreign policies. Both
American Government and people experienced vulnerable and also endangered situations due to
facing the massive attack for the very first time in its history of America. After the occurrence
foreign policy of country generated into a more aggressive structure. America prepared a new
strategy related to the national security and started some strategies named “Preventive War” &
“Pre- Strike” which highly influenced the Middle East region. America pursued a unilateral plan
and policy for the occupation of Iraq. After this incident, America modified some changes in the
foreign policy and increased the security and put restrictions in transportation (Micieli-
Voutsinas, 2017). Afterwards, American people faced many fear situations so President Bush
make some changes and put national interest instead of international phenomena and changed
both domestic policy and foreign policy. India was the first country which respond after the
attack and also offer ideological and diplomatic support to the United States. America- India
strategic and specific partnership, nuclear Proliferation, US make policies toward the Muslim
and Anti-Islamic propaganda made due to the America and Pakistan lowest relation. America
relation became very weak with the Muslim nation that affect the international relationship with
the America and Pakistan and other Muslim countries. Other countries provide their support to
American people to cope up with the worst situation of the terrorist and also support American
which built the international relation stronger (Mirow, 2016).
The Foreign policy was reworked again in order to punish the countries which helped the
terrorist group in attacking. This step was taken right after the week of attack. The President

Bush was serious and thought to punish the attackers by working on international policies. He
immediately called for the international meeting. The international alliances gained strategic
importance at this time. The Al- Qaida group which was supported by Americans earlier with
motive to prevent communism spread was their first target now.
The big step was taken against the Middle East by stopping the public compliance. This
resulted in the propel of relations between U.S and Middle Eastern countries. Therefore, this
resulted U.S. financially and politically. The Americans made stronger rework on their social and
economic policies in order to make them more competitive and socially stronger. From this 9/11
September attack, it can be concluded that the major relations of U.S and Middle Eastern
countries were affected at national level (Springer, 2016). The degraded relations between the
U.S and Middle Eastern countries were result of the clash between the West and Islamic country.
The Arabic's and Americans relations still are not improved upon. The United Nations passed on
certain resolutions stating to reduce the Iraq power. After this terrorism, many things changed the
American to become one of the strong and powerful nation. They addressed this power by
working on international treaties and various trade agreements with Europe, Russia and China.
With Europe the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) has been in talks to war over Iraq.
The France and Germany questioned that doing war against the member of NATO violated
NATO'S rule. Due to this, the role of NATO declined. The impact of change in international
relations with other countries were help in gaining the military power and throw out the Saddam
in Middle Eastern region. The U.S. Wants to make Saudi Arabia and Iran to make politically and
economically weak (Sturken, 2016)
The Pakistan is the main element till now in war of terror ally. As the movement of
Khaled Sheikh Mohammed was tracked under Afghanistan and handed the evident of
involvement of Pakistan. The Pakistan denied any support to Laden and Mohammed but U.S is
in strong evidence that they supported them. They last target is Korea Kim Kong who is also on
verge of the U.S target. The U.S. revealed that the Saudi Arabia was also involved with other
countries behind this terror incident. This made various restrictions for entrance of Muslims
within the country. Also it brought interfacing of NATO lead to its formation and also USA
made strikes to be accrued over middle east region (Toros, 2017). Then it targeted Iran and Iraq
as they were turning out to be new threat and this made Saddam Hussain death possible. After
the death of Saddam, Iran and Iraq were being control by USA through ISIS that becomes threat

for all over the world later in decade. USA improvised its internal security and made it more
strong in terms of technology with combatting skills. Further the attack made insatiability in
USA as all Muslims were being killed for no reason by local people. It made Pakistan's negative
image to be formed and truth of its soil come in front of world. This gave India chance to
develop its relation with USA (Yiğit and et. al., 2019).
CONCLUSION
From the above conclusion it can be concluded that various kinds of drastic steps were
taken by U.S in maintaining and securing its strong relations with other countries. The terrorism
attack caused huge loss to country. The U.S reworked on its various policies to update its
security policy stronger. After this terrorist incident the U.S came back as more powerful nation.
This attack divided whole nation into supporters and opponents of U.S.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Aday, S., 2017. The US media, foreign policy, and public support for war. The Oxford Handbook
of Political Communication, pp.315-332.
Grundy, G., 2017. Death of a Nation: 9/11 and the Rise of Fascism in America. Simon and
Schuster.
Katz, M.N., 2016. Pakistan and the ‘War on Terror,’. 9/11 Ten Years After: Perspectives and
Problems, p.107.
Lowell, A. and et. al., 2018. 9/11-related PTSD among highly exposed populations: a systematic
review 15 years after the attack. Psychological medicine, 48(4), pp.537-553.
Micieli-Voutsinas, J., 2017. An absent presence: Affective heritage at the national September
11th memorial & museum. Emotion, Space and Society, 24, pp.93-104.
Mirow, W., 2016. Strategic culture, securitisation and the use of force: Post-9/11 security
practices of liberal democracies. Routledge.
Springer, P.J., 2016. 9/11 and the War on Terror: A Documentary and Reference Guide. ABC-
CLIO.
Sturken, M., 2016. The objects that lived: The 9/11 Museum and material
transformation. Memory Studies, 9(1), pp.13-26.
Toros, H., 2017. “9/11 is alive and well” or how critical terrorism studies has sustained the 9/11
narrative. Critical Studies on Terrorism, 10(2), pp.203-219.
Yiğit, B. and et. al., 2019. Cost-aware securing of IoT systems using attack graphs. Ad Hoc
Networks, 86, pp.23-35.