Audio Response Questions PDF

Running head: Audio Response Questions 1
Audio Response Questions
Name
Institution of Affiliation

Audio Response Questions 2
Question 1. Describe the name, structure and functions /roles of the stomach.
 Cell types, tissues layers and functions
The stomach is a mixed gland and secretes hormone gastrin that contains digestive enzymes.
It is divided histologically into four parts: Body, cardia, fundus, and pylorus. Food enters the
stomach in the cardia region. The body lies between the fundus and pylorus, while else the
fundus is located just above the gastroesophageal sphincter, (Hopperdietzel et al., 2014). The
Stomach lumen has rugae, which are a series of ridges that allow the stomach to expand and
accommodate more food. Body and fundus have secretory chief cells that secrete HCL. Cardia
has mucous neck cells that secrete mucus that protects the stomach lining from corrosion. Pyloric
region secretes mucus. Mucosa and submucosa layers are found within rugae muscularis cross-
linked with a network of blood capillaries. Cardia also contains simple or branched tubular
glands. The gastric gland contains the following cells: Surface mucus Stem cells, mucus neck
cells, mucus parietal (oxyntic cells), HCL Chief Cells, pepsinogen Enteroendocrine cells: gastrin
and serotonin, (Bussolati et al., 2013).
Question 2 Describe how the stomach integrates with the other organs of the same system
to perform key functions.
For proper functioning of the digestive system, the stomach has to integrate with the
other organs and tissues. This is achieved by the following: At the edge of the esophagus, there is
a valve known as a sphincter that allows food to proceed into the stomach while at the same time
close to prevent food or fluid from flowing back up the gullet, (Fox & Fox, 2015). The stomach
muscles breakdown further, churn and mix the food with digestive juices containing enzymes
and acids. This ensures the food particles that will enter the small intestine are smaller enough in
size to go through the small intestine lumen. The stomach secretes hormones that control food
intake and digestion. Food in the stomach is processed into chyme, thick liquid, and ready to exit