Autism Spectrum Disorder: Neurodevelopmental Disorder and Theories

This report discusses the neurodevelopmental disorder of Autism Spectrum Disorder, its impact on social interactions and communication, and theories such as the theory of mind. It also covers the cultural context and family adaptation towards the disorder.

AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................3

INTRODUCTION
The autism is generally illustrated as a spectrum neuro developmental disorder that is
characterized by the impairments in the verbal ability as well as the social reciprocity or the
obsessive and the repetitious behaviours is generally thought to markedly impact the mens more
than women's. The concept of autism spectrum disorder is generally a condition which is
specifically related to the development of brain as well as impacts how a person perceives as
well as socializes with the others. This can causes issues in the social interactions as well as the
communication. The autism disorder can also involves the limited as well as the repetitive
patterns of the behaviour. In this report, there is a discussion about the neurodevelopmental
disorders which is particularly a serious autism spectrum disorder that can specifically impairs
the capability of an individual to interact as well as communicate with the other people. This
report will also cover the casual theories which specifically defines the neurodevelopmental
disorders.
MAIN BODY
Autism is generally a very serious neuro developmental disorder which specifically
impairs the ability of a an individual to communicate as well as interact with the others. It can
also involves the restrictive repetitive behaviours, interests as well as the activities. These
particular issues can cause the significant impairment in the social, occupational as well as the
other areas of the functioning. In this, the neuro developmental disorders are generally the group
of conditions in which the growth as well as the development of the brains are generally affected.
The disorder can particularly impacts over the language of an individual, their emotions,
behaviours, their self control, learnings and the memory as well. In this, these particular
problems can cause the specific impairments in the social, occupational as well as the other areas
of functioning. There are various people who are generally diagnosed with the autism spectrum
disorder are growing. It is specifically not clear whether this is due to the good detection as well
as the reporting or the actual elevation in the number of cases. While explaining the autism
spectrum disorder, it involves the theories such as the theory of mind. in this, it is generally a
cognitive capacity to infer the mental state of the others is specifically important for the social
communication development. The impairments of the theory of mind can linked to the autism
spectrum disorder that is particularly identified by the deep difficulties in the communication as
well as the social interaction. The theory of mind is generally a wide, complex as well as the

multifaceted constructs and is defined as the capability to attribute the mental states such as the
beliefs, intentions and desires as well. Its capabilities are generally to oneself as well as to others,
making it possible to illustrates as well as predict the behaviour. The autism spectrum disorders
has generally a heterogeneous range of the symptoms among people with varying the degree of
severity.
In the autistic brain, the human brain decreases the connectivity called as the hypo-
connectivity, enables the weakly connected regions to drift apart, with sulci forming among
them. In the human brain, the cerebellum is the only region that is affected by the autism. The
nerve cells generally transmit the essential information which can regulates the functioning of
the body such as every thing from the social behaviour to the movement. It is identified by the
study of brain-tissue that the children are generally more affected by the autism contains a
surplus of the synapses or it can be the link among the brain cells. In this, the excess is generally
due to reduction in the normal pruning process which will occur during the development of
brain. The people or the children with autism significantly involves an issue the social interaction
as well as the verbal and the non-verbal communications. It generally tend to exhibit the more
repetitive behaviours or the obsessive as well as reduced interest. In addition to this, these
particular are the three forms of behaviours on the basis of which the autism is diagnosed. In this,
there are various mechanisms which are particularly underlie the ability of theory of mind. It will
involves the relationship among the languages, executive functioning, the central coherence as
well as the theory of mind. In context with language, the people with Autism Spectrum Disorder
who generally have good language skills are specifically more likely to pass the false belief tests.
The impact of neurodevelopmental disorders consisting the Autism spectrum disorder in
the various different cultural context which are specifically requires to be evaluated not only to
understand the spectra of influences of such situations but can also to devise the cultural specific
measures to modulate their influences. In this, it is expressed that the multi-facet impacts of the
autism spectrum disorders consisting the discontinuation of an occupation as well as the personal
time constraints on the families. There are various requirements which are particularly not met
with the sub-optimal service provisions particularly compounded by the reduced awareness of
the community, a very negative outlook towards the disabilities and discrimination. The parental
as well as the family adaptation and coping towards the disability are effectively helped by the

positive supportive family as well as the social environments consisting the socio-cultural
factors.
In this the spectrum disorder is generally a neurodevelopmental disorder specifically
characterized by the persistent deficit in the social communication as well as restrict the most
repetitive behaviours. There are various diagnosis which have been integrated into one
dimensional diagnosis or it can be an autism spectrum disorder. In this, there are some criteria of
an autism spectrum disorder such as the qualitative impairment in the social interaction,
communication, restricted repetitive as well as stereotyped pattern of the behaviours, activities
and the interests. These particularly have been reconstructed the very two domains such as the
persistent deficits in the social communication as well as the social interaction and so on. The
neuroimaging is generally a powerful tool to investigate the structures of the brain as well as its
functions. It is an approach which is specifically involves one of the few methods which allows
to make direct detection of the brain from Magnetic Resonance Image. The examination from
MRI have generally provided with many implications of the neurodevelopmental characteristics
which particularly underlying the Autism Spectrum disorder.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it is concluded that the deficit in theory of mind can impacts
the daily social as well as the academic life among the people with the autism spectrum disorder.
In this, even though the impairment of social communication cannot be explained exclusively on
the basis of the impairment of theory of mind. As theory of mind is generally an essential factor
in the development of socio-cognitive among adults and children as well. In this, the delayed
empathizing system may in fact be an analogous to the spontaneous, implicit the level of theory
of mind, in which the parallel processing is generally expected as the people particularly requires
to recognize as well as determine the mental states, social as well as the emotional responses of
the other people. It is also concluded from the above study that having the theory of mind is
generally an essential as it can gives the capability to predict as well as interpret the behaviours
of the other people. In this, the traditional test for the theory of mind is generally a false-belief
task as well as used to access the understanding of people , children that the other people can
belief about the world which can particularly contrast with the reality.

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