BIM for Health and Safety in Construction (pdf)

BIM + Health & Safety in
Construction

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Health and Safety in Construction Business and Influence of Legislation on Approach of
Company......................................................................................................................................1
Impact of Legislation on Construction Company........................................................................2
Benefits of Implementation of Legislation for Company............................................................3
Modern Construction Processes and Sequences including innovation in designing to satisfied
sustainability needs of organization.............................................................................................4
Impact of BIM (Building Information Modaling) on Operation and Construction Companies
and its Interrelation With Designing and Innovation...................................................................5
Contract Planning Techniques.....................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
A construction business is an intensive business in which the company need to buy heavy
equipments and haver to purchase raw building material in bulk amount to construct buildings. A
construction industry is a diverse industry that includes different operation like mining,
quarrying and forestry for the construction of buildings and infrastructure (Ganah and John,
2015). In a construction company the safety and security of employee is most important. This
report is explaining different construction rules and regulation for Balfour Beatty. This company
was founded in year 1909 by George Balfour and Andrew Beatty. The company headquarter is in
London. The main business of Balfour Beatty are professional construction and infrastructure
support services. Health and safety in the construction business is explained in report. The
different legislation form by United Government are also included in study. The impact of
legislation and their advantages and weaknesses are explained in report. The innovation in the
construction business which are implemented to maintain sustainable needs are covered in study.
Impact of BIM on operation and construction of company is performed in study.
Health and Safety in Construction Business and Influence of Legislation on Approach of
Company
There are many risks in the construction business. On a construction site there are
different kind dangers which can cause major injuries or cause death of employees. In the
traditional way of construction there were no rules and regulations for safety of labour and
employees but in modern business there are many safety and security norms are followed by
organization. It is very important to design safety guidelines to keep the employees safe on the
construction site (Hollnagel, 2018). The different kind of dangers on the construction site are-
fall from hight, scaffold collapse electrocution and arc blast, trench collapse, repetitive motion
injury and failure to use the required personal protective equipment. These are some cases on
construction site which can cause major or minor injury to labours and other people. The
different method used by Balfour Beatty on the construction site are check equipment, tools and
machines, clear Signage, site security. The different tools and equipments used by people on
construction site are checked before use. Different kind of security check are performed by
engineers to check their reliability as the time of use. This is most important to keep the tools and
equipments free form danger to prevent any sever or minor damage to employees. Different
signs and procedure boards to make the employees to follow the predefined sequences of work to
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ensure their safety. This sign boards help the employees on the construction site to remember the
safety processes. This can minimises chances of hazard. The proper security norms decided by
government and technical body are followed intensively to keep work environment safe and
secure for employees. Multiple entry and exits are used by construction companies to perform
emergency evacuation of employees (Lingard and Wakefield, 2019). The employees are trained
for new machines and practices to make them aware of the working and safety procedure of
equipments to minimise risk of hazard. Primary medical facilities are provided to the employees.
Legislation for safety and security on work place
the health and safety at work act 1974 is defining the fundamental structure to encourage
the regulation and enforcement of workplace safety and health care. This act defines the general
duties of employer and employees to keep the work environment safe for employees. The role of
safety manager is also suggested in act (Ferrett and Hughes, 2015). This rules and regulation
decided for organization are compulsory to follow and this force the organization to design new
approach to maintain the safety and security regulation at work place. This is how legislation
help the organization to perform better.
Weaknesses
The implementation of regulation which are designed by legal body in operation and
procedure of organization can make this little longer for company. The cost to the company will
increase during implementation of safety and security regulations in the Balfour Beatty
construction company. This will increase the time consuming in each task. This will affect the
effectiveness of company procedures. This procedure need extra capital to manage safety at work
place.
Impact of Legislation on Construction Company
The laws of safety and security at the work place are designed to maintain the safety on
workplace. There are many positive and negative impact of legislation on the working of
company.
Advantages of Work Place Safety and Security Legislation for Construction Company
The different advantages of following safety and security laws on workplace are- it will
improve the brand value of company and attract more employees to work with the company. It
shows the commitment of company towards the safety and security of the employees. This
improve the staff management of company. This helps the company to prevent legal action of
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legal body. This can help the organization to motivate the employees for work with higher
efficiency and performance. The action and operation of company become faster and safer for
labour. By following regulations which are considered in law the company can act better in
situation of hazard or any accident. This can save lives of employees.
Role Collaboration and Communication in safety of work place
To full fill the safety and security requirement on work place the company need to
collaborate with other company which are providing the safety and security services. This can
help the company to keep focus on the target of company which is to built the infrastructure
within time with cost effectiveness. The collaboration with other company will improve the
performance of company by reducing work load on company. The company can keep focus on
the work procedure to complete task with in time. The role of communication is also most
important to maintain safety and security on work place. At the time providing safety and
security guidelines effective communication is required to make the transfer information in better
manner. The security and safety sign board should be written in multiple languages to improve
the understanding the rules to maintain safety at work place (Brauer, 2016). This how the
collaboration can improve the performance of company with better handling of security and
safety issues.
Benefits of Implementation of Legislation for Company
This will improve the protection of staff by following the security guidelines of legal; and
government body. The risk of injury and illness can be minimised by the implementation of these
laws. By following different practices the common medical problems and issues can be
prevented. The operation of company will become less risky and hazard free for employees. This
can prevent the absence of employees which can be occurred due to physical illness and injury.
This can also help the company to save extra cost in medical care of employees. Also, the
company don't have to pay employees on paid leaves. The healthy and safe work environment
can improve the productivity of company by keeping employees healthy and safe. The over all
performance of the company will be improved. The safety and security at work place will
develop a better work place to work with in. this will motivate and encourage the employees by
full filling their need of safer and secure work environment. The legal action and employee
claims can be minimised by implementing legislative regulations. This active implementation of
rules and regulation will reduce the risk in work procedures (Illingworth, 2017). The major
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accidents in the work place can be avoided by this. The performance of employee will be
improved. This how the legislation can help the organization to maintain the safety and security
at work place. This legislation are followed by Balfour Beatty company to keep their employees
safe and secure from any hazard.
Modern Construction Processes and Sequences including innovation in designing to satisfied
sustainability needs of organization
Mainly there are six phases of building construction and this phases are named as
conception of process, designing, pre construction stage, procurement stage, construction stage
and post construction stage. The process of introduction of innovation for all this phases is
different. In each there are different procedures are followed by Balfour Beatty company to meet
the sustainable needs of business. The meaning of sustainability in the construction business is to
minimise the use of natural resources which are limited in nature and minimise the impact of
construction business on environment. In the conception process the company can chose the
ethical and sustainable way to build the building.
This is consists of the survey of project location. In the designing process the company
can use the latest technology to minimise impact of construction on nature. In the designing
process the company can follow the safety and security guidelines to reduce the condition of risk
and hazard in building. Ion the process designing Balfour can design a ethical and sustainable
design to protect the employees (Gao, Gonzalez and Yiu, 2019). In the pre construction process
better management of technology and its implementation can help the organization to keep the
work place safe. The data collected of project location through research can be used to form high
class robust foundation of building to meet the safety needs. The next step is the stage where the
employee and labour starts work on the building construction. Before this they should be trained
on the latest technology to reduce the chances of human error that can cause any sever accident.
The next step in building construction is the construction stage. In this stage the approach
of company need to be advanced to keep the performance high with safety and security of
labour. On the each level of construction emergency exit should be provided to people to
perform fast evacuation in hazardous condition. The material used in the building shod of good
quality to improve the sustainability of structure. In the post construction stage the clean up
should be performed to keep the building safe for the people(Lingard and Harley, 2019). The
supporting structure of building can be removed by automation. The monitoring of work place
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can be used to better management of project site. In the heavy construction work and risky
processes the company can use automation to perform the task and for the management the
company can use artificial intelligence.
Impact of BIM (Building Information Modaling) on Operation and Construction Companies and
its Interrelation With Designing and Innovation
The Building information system is the 3 D model based programming system that helps
the builder of construction company to handle the whole project by a single system. This soft
ware can help the construction company by providing architecture, engineering and construction
professionals the in sites and tools to perform efficient planning, designing, constructing and
managing in process of construction (Zhou, Goh and Li, 2015). It is a digital representation of
physical and functional attributes of construction site. This software providing the better
handling of the construction site. By this better handling the operations of company are
improved. Through this software the 3D design of building is designed virtually.
This software can be used to design the prototype of building in software to keep the
construction work under control. Inn the BIM (building Information Modeling) the construction
company can perform different operation. Through this sing software tool multiple actions can
be performed. The different field engineers are required in the construction of a building. This
software can be used for overall handling of project. The mini prototype of building make the
operation convenient for the site engineers. In traditional the various software are used by
construction company to manage the different lay out of building which are belongs to different
branches of engineering. The auto cad and solid works is used for the designing of building.
Auto Cad Electrical software is used to design the electrical layout of building. Along this an
interface is used to collect the information on a single system. This cause large operational cost
to Balfour Beatty Construction company(Saha, Perera and Murphy, 2017). The different
advantages of BIM are- in the BIM software a real time simulator is used to check the efficiency
of the building designing. Before starts the construction work the feasibility of the building is
checked on the software. This can improve the efficiency, cost effectiveness and accuracy of
project. This software helps the company to minimise the waste in the construction process. This
reduce the cost of construction. The process of construction can be controlled by the BIM. In the
construction work different companies used the collaboration to perform the efficient work. This
software allows the construct to monitor all the action together on single interface. The
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simulation and visualization can be improved through the building Information modeling. The by
the effective management through the BIM the conflicts between the different departments can
be managed by separating their work and tasks. This all thing help the organization to implement
different changes and innovation in business or industry.
Contract Planning Techniques
Bar charts
This technique is also known as the Gantt chart. This is a tool to manage a time and task
based planning of a project. In the Gantt chart the different stages of project are considered as
different separate tasks. This chart is represented in table format. The different tasks are arranged
with particular time period in a fixed sequence. This is considered as best project planning tool.
This tool is used to manage the project with the time line. In the gantt chart the number of tasks
are written in first column and the different tasks are in raw. As per the time and task allocation a
predefined plan is developed to complete the task with in time.
Critical Path Analysis
The critical path analysis is a mathematical network analysis technique. T5his technique
is used to plan difficult and complex procedure with the a critical path for each system.
Line of Balance
The line balance technique is which is used to show the repetitive work that is exist in a
project as a single line on the graph. This method is easier and faster to use. This technique is
cost and time efficient for any company like Balfour Beatty.
Precedence Diagrams
the precedence diagram method is a tool for scheduling activity in the project planning.
The project scheduling diagram which is consists of network diagram that uses boxes, referred to
as notes to represent the activities and connect them with arrows.
CONCLUSION
This report is concluding the health and safety in the construction industry. The different
legislation for safety and security are evaluated for the construction company. The impact of
legislation on the business of construction company Balfour Beatty is analysed. The innovation
and different construction processes are explained in report. Building information plan anjd its
impact on operation and construction are evaluated and it's interrelation with designing and
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innovation is studied in report. The different contract planning techniques has been learned in the
study.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Brauer, R.L., 2016. Safety and health for engineers. John Wiley & Sons.
Ferrett, E. and Hughes, P., 2015. Introduction to health and safety in construction: For the
NEBOSH national certificate in construction health and safety. Routledge.
Ganah, A. and John, G.A., 2015. Integrating building information modeling and health and
safety for onsite construction. Safety and health at work. 6(1). pp.39-45.
Gao, Y., Gonzalez, V. and Yiu, T.W., 2019. The effectiveness of traditional tools and computer-
aided technologies for health and safety training in the construction sector: A systematic
review. Computers & Education.
Hollnagel, E., 2018. Safety-I and safety-II: the past and future of safety management. CRC Press.
Holt, A.S.J. and Allen, J., 2015. Principles of health and safety at work. Routledge.
Illingworth, J.R., 2017. Construction methods and planning. CRC Press.
Lingard, H. and Harley, J., 2019. Managing Work Health and Safety: Rethinking Rules and
Worker Engagement. Integrating Work Health and Safety into Construction Project
Management, pp.173-196.
Lingard, H. and Wakefield, R., 2019. Integrating Work Health and Safety into Construction
Project Management. John Wiley & Sons.
Pirzadeh, P. and Lingard, H., 2017. Understanding the dynamics of construction decision making
and the impact on work health and safety. Journal of Management in
Engineering. 33(5). p.05017003.
Saha, S., Perera, S. and Murphy, R., 2017. Investigation into workplace health and safety issues
within the Australian commercial construction industry's migrant workforce.
In Proceedings of the 6th World Construction Symposium 2017: What's New and What's
Next in the Built Environment Sustainability Agenda? 30 June-2 July 2017, Colombo,
Sri Lanka (pp. 272-280).
Zhou, Z., Goh, Y.M. and Li, Q., 2015. Overview and analysis of safety management studies in
the construction industry. Safety science. 72. pp.337-350.
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