Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and GLUT-1

This assignment delves into the association between glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) expression and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It examines how GLUT-1 immuno-expression levels correlate with OSCC severity, TNM staging, and histopathological grading. The research highlights the potential of targeting GLUT-1 as a therapeutic strategy for OSCC treatment. The assignment utilizes descriptive research methods to analyze findings related to OSCC progression and the impact of factors like tobacco use and alcohol consumption.

Biology/dentistry

Table of Contents
Background of the study..................................................................................................................1
Research design...............................................................................................................................2
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................3

Aim: To analyse GULT1 role in OSCC and its reaction with inhibition to fasentin.
Objective:
 To identify the composition of GLUT 1 and determine its impact on metabolism as a
cancer characteristic.
 To ascertain the reaction of cell after blocking GLUT with a specific molecule called
fasentin.
 To explore ways in which the changing medium in concentration of glucose influences
the growth of cancer cells.
 To recommended ways in which the efficiency of fasentin can be increased to inhibit the
prevalence of GLUT in OSCC cells.
Background of the study
GLUT-1 belongs to the family of proteins which secrets glucose and moves through
membrane. It directly attacks neck and head of the human body. Positive report of GULTI shows
that aggressive behaviour, proliferative activity level are increased. Further, present research
focuses on the GULTI role in OSCC which directly affect head and neck squamous cell
carcinoma in tobacco and non-tobacco people (Alamoud, K. and et.al., 2017). This is mainly
increases when people do not control their smoking and tobacco habits.
OSCC(Oral squamous cell carcinoma) is cancer cell which attacks tongue, throat, ear and
neck. Oral cancer is the type of cancer which takes place between lips and one third part of the
tongue. The main factors which increases the risk of this cancer are smoking, excessive use of
alcohol etc. Chronic irritation is also one of the main cause of increasing the effect of Squamous
cell carcinoma of the tongue (Baumann and et.al., 2014). Screening helps in detecting this cell
when they are asymptomatic at earlier stage. When it is found positive in the human body then
they have to take tests like CT-scan of head and neck or perform chest X-ray and PET/CT tests.
Oral cancer was mainly found in older people specially males. This will be more strong
when the people use tobacco, smoking, alcohol in their daily diet. They may lead to serious
aggressive phenotype and metastasis. Mouth oral cancer can be prevented and cured when they
are detected at early stage.
Fasentin is inhibitor of novel glucose uptake that is it is part of glucose
transporter(GLUT1). It plays an important role in cancer development. It does not lower down
FLIP expression while it increases death ligands. Further, it affects gene expression which are
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included with nutrient and glucose deprivation. This will prove to be more dangerous for the
people which use tobacco and smoking in daily life.
Research design
GLUT1 is widely expressed as the family of SSC head and neck. Its initial treatment will
help the patients to prevent from OSCC cancer. OSCC is reduces oxygen level in human body
and give rise to tumour cells under hypoxic situations. These tumour cells then widely spread
when cellular changes in hypoxia takes place and leads to phenotype which causes metastasis
and invasion (Lu and et.al., 2014). Radiotherapy and chemotherapy like treatment also fails when
tumour cell increases in the body. This can be cured with regular and pre treatment which helps in
detecting prognosis. This will assist the patients to take proper treatment to cure from this disease.
The secondary method is used in collecting useful information. The data is collected from
real sources. Various experiments and researches are performed to analyse the results and also
given grading according to it. Further qualitative method is used in which the physicians have
conducted various experiments to determine the actual reason of the tremendous increase in the
cancer (Pereira and et.al., 2014). The experiment was conducted in another paper in which 30
samples of tissues are taken for neck dissection and 20 are taken from lips, anterior part of
tongue, buccal mucosa, floor of mouth hard palate, and gingiva.
Then 25 tobacco and 25 non tobacco users of OSCC are collected to perform
Histopathological grading, TNM and staging tests. Further, 13 patients of alcohol consumption
from the 25 tobacco users are taken. It is founded that GLUT-1 immuno-expression increases
rapidly and switch to cytoplasmic to pTNM stage (Ramani, Headford and May, 2013). Further, it
is concluded that OSCC patients are affected severely by GLUT1 and are graded according to
standard immunohistochemistry methods.
These methods help in performing the tests and decreasing the efficiency of the
dangerous tumour and hypoxia tissues. The research is mainly done to ascertain the reaction of
cell after blocking GLUT with a specific molecule called fasentin (Yao and et.al., 2017). This
has helped the people to analyse the symptoms of OSCC cancer at initial stage and take
treatments to heal from bad impact of the cancer. In this article, descriptive research design has
been used to successfully achieve the aim of the study. This research design is adopted to
increase the to provide the findings related to the factors which are affecting the people. In this
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context, the ill effects of OSCC are also determined to aware the people and deeply understand
their bad consequences.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alamoud, K. and et.al., 2017. Targeting β-catenin/CBP signaling in OSCC.
Baumann, M.U. and et.al., 2014. Regulation of human trophoblast GLUT1 glucose transporter
by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). PloS one. 9(8). p.e106037.
Lu, L. and et.al., 2014. MicroRNA-29a upregulates MMP2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma to
promote cancer invasion and anti-apoptosis. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 68(1).
pp.13-19.
Pereira, R.O. and et.al., 2014. GLUT1 deficiency in cardiomyocytes does not accelerate the
transition from compensated hypertrophy to heart failure. Journal of molecular and
cellular cardiology. 72. pp.95-103.
Ramani, P., Headford, A. and May, M.T., 2013. GLUT1 protein expression correlates with
unfavourable histologic category and high risk in patients with neuroblastic
tumours. Virchows Archiv. 462(2). pp.203-209.
Yao, G. and et.al., 2017. GDM-Induced Macrosomia Is Reversed by Cav-1 via AMPK-Mediated
Fatty Acid Transport and GLUT1-Mediated Glucose Transport in Placenta. PloS
one. 12(1). p.e0170490.
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