Biophysical and Psychosocial Processes in Elderly Patients: Case Studies
Added on 2023-06-03
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Running head: CASE STUDY
Case study
Name of the student:
Name of the University:
Author’s note
Case study
Name of the student:
Name of the University:
Author’s note
1CASE STUDY
Case study 1.
Read Rob’s story, outlined on page 325-326 of your course textbook (Scoot, Shannon & Davies,
2017, p. 325-326).
Discuss the biophysical and psychosocial processes pertinent to the case.
Rob Cameron is an 81 year old retired man who lives with his wife Margaret in coastal
town in rural New Zealand. The review of Rob’s story shows that he has been diagnosed
with hypertension and is becoming increasingly forgetful. Rob also became distracted
while driving a car leading to injuries. Hence, he seems to suffering from cognitive decline
too. Both his health issues are linked to the biophysical process of ageing. This can be said
because hypertension is most commonly found in elderly population and the biophysical
changes associated with ageing increases the risk of hypertension (Rajpura and Nayak
2014). Ageing is a process that results in gradual decline of physiological function of all
organ system and inability to resolve inflammation process during ageing results in
oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction (Buford 2016). Hence, these changes might also
be the reason for increase in systematic vascular resistance and increase in blood
pressure for Rob.
The psychosocial process that is pertinent to the case is that Rob’s forgetfulness and
cognitive decline has affected his ability to do daily task. kazazi et al. (2018) supports the
fact that age associated changes lead to cognitive decline and low level of functioning.
This can affect independence of people and impair health related quality of life. Hence, as
Rob’s symptoms shows risk of dementia, it is necessary for proper assessment and
treatment so that Rob can lead a normal life.
Identify an assessment tool appropriate for use in this case and discuss key elements of the tool.
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool (MoCA) is appropriate for Rob’s case because
assessment of his cognitive function is necessary to reduce risk of injury and other
negative events for Rob. It is a cognitive screening tool used for mild cognitive impairment
and the test is done by brief 3- question test. The tool mainly assesses different type of
cognitive functions such as orientation, short term memory, executive function, attention
and mental state. The scoring range from 0 to 30 and score of 26 and higher is considered
Case study 1.
Read Rob’s story, outlined on page 325-326 of your course textbook (Scoot, Shannon & Davies,
2017, p. 325-326).
Discuss the biophysical and psychosocial processes pertinent to the case.
Rob Cameron is an 81 year old retired man who lives with his wife Margaret in coastal
town in rural New Zealand. The review of Rob’s story shows that he has been diagnosed
with hypertension and is becoming increasingly forgetful. Rob also became distracted
while driving a car leading to injuries. Hence, he seems to suffering from cognitive decline
too. Both his health issues are linked to the biophysical process of ageing. This can be said
because hypertension is most commonly found in elderly population and the biophysical
changes associated with ageing increases the risk of hypertension (Rajpura and Nayak
2014). Ageing is a process that results in gradual decline of physiological function of all
organ system and inability to resolve inflammation process during ageing results in
oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction (Buford 2016). Hence, these changes might also
be the reason for increase in systematic vascular resistance and increase in blood
pressure for Rob.
The psychosocial process that is pertinent to the case is that Rob’s forgetfulness and
cognitive decline has affected his ability to do daily task. kazazi et al. (2018) supports the
fact that age associated changes lead to cognitive decline and low level of functioning.
This can affect independence of people and impair health related quality of life. Hence, as
Rob’s symptoms shows risk of dementia, it is necessary for proper assessment and
treatment so that Rob can lead a normal life.
Identify an assessment tool appropriate for use in this case and discuss key elements of the tool.
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool (MoCA) is appropriate for Rob’s case because
assessment of his cognitive function is necessary to reduce risk of injury and other
negative events for Rob. It is a cognitive screening tool used for mild cognitive impairment
and the test is done by brief 3- question test. The tool mainly assesses different type of
cognitive functions such as orientation, short term memory, executive function, attention
and mental state. The scoring range from 0 to 30 and score of 26 and higher is considered
2CASE STUDY
normal (Debert, Benson and Dukelow, 2013).
Discuss 3 priorities of care for this person.
The three care priorities that is necessary for Rob are:
1. The first care priority is to encourage patient to start taking the prescribed
antihypertensive medication to reduce risk of other health complications. Health
education about hypertension can improve Rob’s attitude towards treatment and
improve adherence to the medication too (Lo et al., 2016).
2. The next care priority is to reduce risk of injury and fall in patient by conducting proper
assessment of patient and evaluating need for support in activities of daily living.
3. As Rob’s failing memory can create many issues for Rob, it is necessary to make
changes in his environment so that he can easily orientate with time and place.
Labelling every item, providing list of activities and maintaining his regular daily
schedule will reduce challenges because of cognitive decline (Jensen & Padilla,
2017).
Discuss any equity, rights and access issues relevant to the case.
While providing the above mentioned intervention to Rob, issue may arise in relation to patient
autonomy. As per ethical principles, maintaining patient’s right and giving them liberty to take
their own decision is important. However, if Rob does not agree to take anti-hypertensive even
after health education, then ethical conflict may arise as it would affect the principle of
beneficence.
Case study 2.
Read Dulcie’s story, outlined on page 370 of your course textbook (Samuelson, Crawford &
Alexander, 2017, p. 370.
Discuss the biophysical and psychosocial processes pertinent to the case.
The review of Dulcie’s case scenario suggests that after the death of her husband, John,
Dulcie has become socially isolated and depressed. She does not like usual activities that
she used to enjoy doing such as cooking meals for her family. She avoids meeting people
normal (Debert, Benson and Dukelow, 2013).
Discuss 3 priorities of care for this person.
The three care priorities that is necessary for Rob are:
1. The first care priority is to encourage patient to start taking the prescribed
antihypertensive medication to reduce risk of other health complications. Health
education about hypertension can improve Rob’s attitude towards treatment and
improve adherence to the medication too (Lo et al., 2016).
2. The next care priority is to reduce risk of injury and fall in patient by conducting proper
assessment of patient and evaluating need for support in activities of daily living.
3. As Rob’s failing memory can create many issues for Rob, it is necessary to make
changes in his environment so that he can easily orientate with time and place.
Labelling every item, providing list of activities and maintaining his regular daily
schedule will reduce challenges because of cognitive decline (Jensen & Padilla,
2017).
Discuss any equity, rights and access issues relevant to the case.
While providing the above mentioned intervention to Rob, issue may arise in relation to patient
autonomy. As per ethical principles, maintaining patient’s right and giving them liberty to take
their own decision is important. However, if Rob does not agree to take anti-hypertensive even
after health education, then ethical conflict may arise as it would affect the principle of
beneficence.
Case study 2.
Read Dulcie’s story, outlined on page 370 of your course textbook (Samuelson, Crawford &
Alexander, 2017, p. 370.
Discuss the biophysical and psychosocial processes pertinent to the case.
The review of Dulcie’s case scenario suggests that after the death of her husband, John,
Dulcie has become socially isolated and depressed. She does not like usual activities that
she used to enjoy doing such as cooking meals for her family. She avoids meeting people
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