BMPs Practices for Marine Environment Pollution Reduction

This article discusses the need for Best Management Practices (BMPs) to reduce marine environment pollution. It covers planning, designing, and implementing BMPs for shipyard maintenance and marine complex. Techniques include porous pavements, extended detention ponds, and solid waste management. The article also highlights the importance of regular inspection and cleaning of filters and sediments to ensure minimum escape of pollutants into water bodies.

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BMPS PRACTICES
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Introduction
Increased cases of environmental pollution allover the world calls for the dire need to invest on
BMPs practices with the aim of reducing pollution especially in marine environment. The
application of this technics calls for planning, designing and implementing them after assessment
and analysis of the essential causes of the pollution. Basing this research on marine complex and
shipyard maintenance, we will try to bring out the basic components that should be considered
during the panning, designing, modeling and implementation stages with the aim of reducing the
pollution rate and on the environment. The planning stage involve figuring out the various areas
of concern that raise the problem to be dealt with. Collection and analysis of data of the
concerned area. Coming up with the best solution mix from the various strategies and
implementation of the solution. It also involves indicating the time frame to which the solution is
to be implemented.
Literature review
Best Management Practices and devices of waste and pollution management refer to the strategic
that are intended to curb and reduce the amount of pollutants which contaminate and destroy the
environment (Rosenthal 2012, p. 8). The presence of clean surrounding is vital the existence of
every living organism all over the world. BMPS can also refer to the procedures that are initiated
to help curb and deter pollutants such as oil, gasoline, and antifreeze components from finding
their ways into stormwater and be drained to marine life. Maintenance of vessels and repair,
storage issues of the firm fuel, and oil handling the physical structures and storm management of
stormwater among others were the areas of concerns. Hathaway, Hunt, and Jadlocki (2009)

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necessitated the implementation of best management practices to restore the marine environment
to its initial state.
Solid waste materials arising from construction and demolition of buildings in addition to illegal
dumping of waste the is major source of storm water pollution (Mallin, Turner, McIver,
Toothman, & Freeman 2018, p. 928). To curb this problem, it is recommended that the stocks of
competence working in shipyards should use degradable or materials that can be recycled or the
use collection bins which should be emptied regularly to avoid overflow. It is also necessary to
use signboards to give directions on the dumpsite areas to avoid illegal dumping. Most
importantly, the implementation of regular inspection of the dumpsite areas near shipyard is
essential to reduce the risk of solid waste materials finding their ways into the waterbodies.
The provision of separate dumpsters clearly labeled for both solid and liquid waste is vital for
this practice to function (Cleveland & Fashokun 2016, p. 119). Giving instruction on the usage of
the dumpsters on what should be dumped and those forbidden is also imperative in curbing the
pollution. Plastic cans that have already been used must be rendered flat if possible or be reused
rather than disposing them in the solid state. This stapes will help reduce the effects of solid
waste pollution on the waterbodies. More so, it is necessary to clean the shipyards to prevents
materials such as debris from failing into water and accumulation of sand scrap on the surface of
water. This is best done through the use of vacuum cleaners which suck all the dust and
unwanted materials.
Stormwater refers to the rainwater and melted snow that runs in awns which may end up finding
heir ways into oceans and other water bodies (Kauchak 2016, p. 19). This water may end up
absorbing pollutants and contaminants which may course adverse effects on the marine life. The

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rudimentary reason for detainment of this kind of water is to remove the contaminants before
being released. In the shipyards, this water may be polluted when it comes into contact with
debris and metal scraps from parking lots and land-based shipyard facilities which is more
common in urban areas. Pollutants that originate from this kind of activities may not be readily
treated thus causing adverse effects on aquatic life (Kattan, Broderick, Cogswell, Blakey, & Ault
2015, p. 202).
Other technics applied in the management of stormwater include the use of extended detention
ponds. They are basically used to redirect stormwater and be detained in the ponds to allow
pollutants to settle then the water is slowly released into the river (Dingzhong, & Weihang 2017,
p. 90). Another technic is the use of porous pavements in the shipyards.it involves use of
interlocking tiles or bricks. These methods allow stormwater to infiltrate into the soil thus not
reaching the water sources and cause pollution. Regular cleaning of this areas is the best way of
depolluting the stormwater. Other methods applied to solve this problem include building of
gabions use of gray infrastructure which diverge the storm water such as culverts, gutters and
storm sewers. This kind of technic is applied so as to ape the natural cycle and protect it.
It goes further than just the construction of gray infrastructure in the shipyards. It involves
regular inspection of and manual cleaning of the filters to ensure minimum escape of the
pollutants into the water bodies (Mallin et al. 2018). The collected pollutants should be disposed
in a solid state to the right dumpsite. Liquid pollutants such as fuel and oil may be scooped out
through the use skimming devices that absorb them from the stormwater. It necessitates the use
clear inspection of sediments and grit traps to ensure retention of solid waste.

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Shipyards also present a risk of water pollution in the form of structural issues. Decomposing
timber, leaching of materials and scraped paints may find their way into water thus distorting the
balance of marine life. In addition to this, the activities of maintenance may result into marine
pollution. The sources of pollutants in the shipyard include treated timber used in waterfront
construction of structures, debris and degraded Styrofoam.
BMPs technics applied in this area to curb this problem include the use nature rather the
vegetation to bring stability on the walls of waterbodies or shores of oceans and seas (Kattan et
al. 2015, p. 203). Advocating for he uses of pressure treated timber with preservatives such as
chromated copper arsenate (CCA) which is friendlier to the environment. When painting
structures near the water shores environmental friendly technics which are confined to the
structure itself without polluting the environment should be used.
Given the fact that water near the shore is majorly contaminated by floating Styrofoam and other
materials such as sandblasts and scraping from walls, it is necessary to carry out regular
encapsulation of this materials on water.
Conclusion
A number of factors contribute to the pollution of water and the implementation of BMPs is
rudimentary in mitigating this problem. In the shipyard complex, various strategies were laid
down to bring about revolution in the way pollutants can be deter from reaching waterbodies.
Some of the technics applied include the use of porous pavements, extended detention ponds and
conspicuous technics used to manage solid state waste or affluence from shipyard activities.

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List of References
Cleveland, T, & Fashokun, A 2016, 'Construction-Associated Solids Loads with a Temporary
Sediment Control BMP', Journal Of Construction Engineering & Management, 132, 10, pp.
1122-1125, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 21 May 2018.
Dingzhong, F, & Weihang, Z 2017, 'A Large and Heavy Cargo Transport System Designed for
Small and Medium Ship Maintenance and Repair', Journal Of Ship Production & Design, 33, 3,
pp. 212-220, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 21 May 2018.
Hathaway, JM, Hunt, WF, & Jadlocki, S 2009, 'Indicator Bacteria Removal in Storm-Water Best
Management Practices in Charlotte, North Carolina', Journal of Environmental Engineering, vol.
135, no. 12, pp. 1275-1285.
Kattan, R, Broderick, D, Cogswell, S, Blakey, J, & Ault, P 2015, 'Foreign Shipyard Coatings
Benchmarking Study', Journal Of Ship Production & Design, 31, 3, pp. 201-208, Academic
Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 21 May 2018.
Kauchak, M 2016, 'The Military Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO)
Revolution', Military Technology, 40, 3, pp. 19-25, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost,
viewed 21 May 2018.
Mallin, M, Turner, M, McIver, M, Toothman, B, & Freeman, H 2016, 'Significant Reduction of
Fecal Bacteria and Suspended Solids Loading by Coastal Best Management Practices', Journal
Of Coastal Research, 32, 4, pp. 923-931, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 21
May 2018.

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Rosenthal, D 2012, 'Post-Construction Maintenance of Stormwater BMPs', Stormwater, May,
GreenFILE, EBSCOhost, viewed 21 May 2018.