Question 1Networking devices can communicate even when they are made by different manufacturers. In their design, there are reference models applied that allow them to communicate as long as they are connected and in the same network. These reference models are the Open System Interconnection (OSI) and the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)[ CITATION Beh03 \l 1033 ]. Examples of the TCP/IP protocol suite in use today include the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP).The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provides its host with all the necessary information for configuration automatically[ CITATION Ral03 \l 1033 ]. The IP address, the subnet mask and the default gateway are all issued automatically to the host.Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) is a protocol used by the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol to share its implementation details[ CITATION Ral16 \l 1033 ]. The protocol suite contains the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server where all the hosts acquireTCP/IP configuration information.Using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol makes it easy to move nodes from one subnet to another since the IP addresses are automatically acquired. In cases where the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol suite is not used, the unique unicast IP addresses needed for each node connected by the TCP/IP model willneed manual reconfiguration if a computer is moved from one computer to another[ CITATION Ber02 \l 1033 ]. If a computer is removed from the network, a manual reclamation would be needed too. The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server keeps all the host IP addresses and dynamically assigns them to hosts automatically when the computer starts on the network. If the computer stops accessing the network, the IP address is reclaimed automatically by the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server[ CITATION Beh09 \l 1033 ].The host accessing the internet must be DHCP-enabled to allow the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server store its configuration information in a database. The client in turn automatically receives a valid IP address and the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol options requested e.g. default gateway, DNS Servers, and the Domain Name.

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