Industrial Applications of Boiling and Evaporation System

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Introduction
Evaporation is a type of vaporization that takes place on the liquid surface and it turns into a
gas phase upon reaching the boiling point. In the case of boiling process when the boiling point
of the liquid is attained then the vaporization takes place.
Industrial applications of boiling and evaporation system.
The use of boiling and evaporation system is increasing gradually in numerous industrial sectors
to aid the operations. The process that is evaporation and boiling is used in sectors such as;
a) Heat pump
Here, heat is transferred to heat sink from the origin and thermal energy is moved by the pump
in the opposite direction. The work of transferring energy carried out by a heat pump uses an
external power in small quantity. There are four main components that are used when
designing heat pump and they include condenser, compressor, evaporator and expansion valve.
The transfer of heat takes place from warm to cold areas but in the case of the heat pump, the
process can be reversed such that heat is absorbed in cold region and released to warmer areas
(Krotiuk 119).

Fig 1: Showing cooling towers in a heat pump (Trott 76)
Absorption of heat where it vaporizes in the evaporator is carried out by the refrigerant in the
heat pump. Reversible heat pumps work in either direction to provide heating or cooling effect
to the internal space. (Lahey 76).
b) Treatment of wastewater
Evaporation is considered as an alternative approach in an increasing number of wastewater
treatment applications. The process of evaporation is helpful in the removal of heavy materials,
salts as well as dangerous materials from the solution. The process can also be used in
recovering required by-products from a solution during treatment. Wastewater evaporation is
an approach which reduces the portion of water in water-based waste. The portion of water-
based wastes is converted into water vapor by the use of evaporator leaving behind the higher
boiling contaminants behind. Both mass transfer as well as thermodynamic is involved in the
evaporation process (Trott 217).