Environmental Issues: Annotated Bibliography for BOS3551 Course

This annotated bibliography, prepared for the BOS3551 Environmental Issues course, examines five articles related to the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and its implications. The analysis covers various aspects, including the ESA's role in private land provisions, its effectiveness in protecting sea turtles, the risks to state fish stocking programs, the act's impact on biodiversity and climate change, and its broader legal and policy perspectives. Each annotation summarizes the main arguments, supporting evidence, and conclusions of the respective articles, highlighting the controversies and challenges associated with the ESA. The bibliography emphasizes the importance of the ESA in protecting endangered species and addressing environmental concerns, while also acknowledging the complexities and debates surrounding its implementation. The sources include legal journals and publications from various institutions, offering a comprehensive overview of the subject matter.

Running head: BOS3551 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 1
Annotated Bibliography
Name:
Institution:

BOS3551 Environmental Issues 2
Warner, B. M. (2013). Overhauling ESA Private Land Provisions in Lights of the Renewable
Energy Boom on Federal Public Lands. Notre Dame L. Rev., 89, 1875.
The main argument in this article is the overhauling of ESA policies within the provisions
in the private lands. The author argues that the ESA Act has neglected the regulations of the
significant private lands found in the United States. Therefore, through the ignorance of ESA, the
nation experiences problems such as the land rush. The author provides evidence through the
statement that the private lands need to be secured by ESA since they are vital habitats which
may threaten and endanger the species (Warner, 2013). The author supports the evidence by
outlining that the ESA needs to conserve and protect the habitats to ensure the endangered
species are safe. The significant conclusion in this article is that ESA should observe time and
learn about the challenges that may arise from the overhauling of the private lands in the United
States. It is important is positive incentives are employed through ESA rather than destruction.
Nichols, K. A. (2006). Turtles and Tourism: Where the Endangered Species Act Ends and
Community Activism Begins. UCLA J. Envtl. L. & Pol'y, 25, 411.
The main argument in this article focuses on ESA’s ability as well as the Hawai Act to
secure the sea turtles from harm. The author provides evidence to the argument by indicating that
visitors and the Hawai residents may walk and enjoy the vicinity of the green sea turtles which
sun bathe along Laniakea Beach. The article is relevant since the author indicates that over the
previous years, the green sea turtles experienced problems which impact the species life. The
author concludes that ESA is not fit to solve the negative impacts on the green sea turtles, but, it
has room to reinstate the policies (Nichols, 2006). Through reinstating, ESA will establish

BOS3551 Environmental Issues 3
programs which focus on protecting the green sea turtles. The scientists have engaged in this
research to ensure the sea green turtles are protected and numbers increase
Stein, A. L. (2010). State Fish Stocking Programs at Risk: Takings Under the Endangered
Species Act. Duke Envtl. L. & Pol'y F., 20, 63.
The main argument in this article concerns fish stocking programs which are at risk due
to the ESA undertakings in the United States. Based on the argument, fish stocking involves
rearing of fish in the hatchery as well as putting the non-native fish in the water bodies. The
author provides evidence by outlining the purposes of fish stocking which are mitigating the
decreasing populations of fish, recovering the fish at risk, and ensuring the recreational
opportunities which are wild-life oriented (Stein, 2010). The author supports the evidence to the
argument by outlining two goals of the hatchery programs which are increasing and protecting
the natural habitat of salmon hence the relevance of the article is evident. The article concludes
that fish stocking is important especially in the United States hence the government is obliged to
provide support.
Falberg, A. (2015). The Pricelessness of Biodiversity: Using the Endangered Species Act to Help
Combat Extinction and Climate Change. UCLA J. Envtl. L. & Pol'y, 33, 135.
The main argument in this article concerns biodiversity about the ESA which is an Act
which focuses on combating the climatic changes and extinction. The author proposes various
biological principles which suggest some changes to ESA which would help in conserving the
species impacted by the climatic changes. The author supports the main argument in the article
by outlining the changes such as recovery for the habitat and monitoring the sections hence
opportunities are created (Falberg, 2015). The author supports evidence by indicating that the

BOS3551 Environmental Issues 4
nation would be nothing without biodiversity. The article is relevant since it holds that the ESA
should undergo amendments to ensure the biodiversity is safe from the climatic changes. The
author concludes that skeptics exist regardless of the demonstrations of science which indicates
that the climatic changes are real. Therefore, ESA needs to be contentious to protect biodiversity
in all ways.
Baur, D. C. (2010). Endangered Species Act: Law, Policy, and Perspectives. American Bar
Association.
The main argument in the article is based on energy and the environment concerning the
ESA which outlines the laws policies and the perspectives. The author indicates that the birds
and animal species should be protected by any environmental law. Therefore, the article is
relevant since the author incorporates a discussion based on a comprehensive technique that ESA
embraces to solve the problem of species extinction and the environmental protection. Based on
the author, ESA uses other acts such as Migratory Bird Conservation to help fight the species
endangerment which prevails (Baur, 2010). Therefore, the techniques embraced by ESA would
impact the use of both the private and the public lands, as well as management. The significant
conclusion of the article is that ESA is viewed as a conservation and controversial law. Despite
the controversies, ESA is obliged to ensure that its requirements protect the businesses,
government agencies, wildlife, and habitats.

BOS3551 Environmental Issues 5
References
Baur, D. C. (2010). Endangered Species Act: Law, Policy, and Perspectives. American Bar
Association.
Falberg, A. (2015). The Pricelessness of Biodiversity: Using the Endangered Species Act to Help
Combat Extinction and Climate Change. UCLA J. Envtl. L. & Pol'y, 33, 135.
Nichols, K. A. (2006). Turtles and Tourism: Where the Endangered Species Act Ends and
Community Activism Begins. UCLA J. Envtl. L. & Pol'y, 25, 411.
Stein, A. L. (2010). State Fish Stocking Programs at Risk: Takings Under the Endangered
Species Act. Duke Envtl. L. & Pol'y F., 20, 63.
Warner, B. M. (2013). Overhauling ESA Private Land Provisions in Lights of the Renewable
Energy Boom on Federal Public Lands. Notre Dame L. Rev., 89, 1875.