Brain Biology: Investigating Cognitive and Perpetual Processes in Living Brains
Added on 2023-06-15
8 Pages1900 Words379 Views
Running Head: BRAIN BIOLOGY 1
Brain Biology
Name:
Institution:
Brain Biology
Name:
Institution:
BRAIN BIOLOGY 2
Abstract
Learning and memory storage are biological processes of the brain. What is learnt and
remembered or forgotten is determined by the brain. There are some ways to investigate the
exact part of the brain where cognitive and perpetual processes take place. Several
experiments and protocols have been developed to study the precise part of the brain where
cognitive and continuous processes take place. This paper reviews some of the approaches
used in living brains. These procedures investigate the underlying vertebrate neural circuitries
in smell, fear and memory. The approaches include the use of Transcranial Magnetic
Stimulation (TMS), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electrical stimulation of
the brain (ESB), and cytotoxic chemicals.
Keywords: Brain biology, Modern behavioural neuroscience, Cognitive
learning and memory
Abstract
Learning and memory storage are biological processes of the brain. What is learnt and
remembered or forgotten is determined by the brain. There are some ways to investigate the
exact part of the brain where cognitive and perpetual processes take place. Several
experiments and protocols have been developed to study the precise part of the brain where
cognitive and continuous processes take place. This paper reviews some of the approaches
used in living brains. These procedures investigate the underlying vertebrate neural circuitries
in smell, fear and memory. The approaches include the use of Transcranial Magnetic
Stimulation (TMS), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electrical stimulation of
the brain (ESB), and cytotoxic chemicals.
Keywords: Brain biology, Modern behavioural neuroscience, Cognitive
learning and memory
BRAIN BIOLOGY 3
Brain Biology
There are two most important capabilities of the brain, memory and learning.
Learning is the biological process of knowledge acquisition while the memory is the
knowledge retention and reconstruction process that takes place over time (Kandel, Dudai, &
Mayford, 2014). As such, the brain determines who we are regarding what we learn and what
we can remember or forget. There are some ways to investigate the exact part of the brain
where cognitive and perpetual processes take place. Various tests and tasks can be designed
to determine the motor, sensory and cognitive capacities of the test subject. Results of the
trials and assignments typically correlate with physiological functions, and the results
ascribed to particular parts of the brain. This paper reviews brain lesion examinations
underlying the making, storage, retrieval and loss of memories.
Case Study Review
The cadaver approach to the study of the brain is safer; but, the minds are inactive and
therefore disadvantageous. However, living brains can be studied under strict regulations.
Living brains of men can be damaged, for example, because of falls, stroke, tumours,
gunshots or accidents. The brain damages are biologically referred to as lesions. In
experiments, lesions may be intentionally induced through surgical procedures like during the
removal of brain tumours, or reduction of epileptic effects in split-brain patients.
Furthermore, psychologists may deliberately produce a lesion in an animal to understand
cognitive behaviours. By doing so, the research psychologists hope to draw inferences
concerning the possible functions of the human brain in relation to the effects observed in
animals.
Brain Biology
There are two most important capabilities of the brain, memory and learning.
Learning is the biological process of knowledge acquisition while the memory is the
knowledge retention and reconstruction process that takes place over time (Kandel, Dudai, &
Mayford, 2014). As such, the brain determines who we are regarding what we learn and what
we can remember or forget. There are some ways to investigate the exact part of the brain
where cognitive and perpetual processes take place. Various tests and tasks can be designed
to determine the motor, sensory and cognitive capacities of the test subject. Results of the
trials and assignments typically correlate with physiological functions, and the results
ascribed to particular parts of the brain. This paper reviews brain lesion examinations
underlying the making, storage, retrieval and loss of memories.
Case Study Review
The cadaver approach to the study of the brain is safer; but, the minds are inactive and
therefore disadvantageous. However, living brains can be studied under strict regulations.
Living brains of men can be damaged, for example, because of falls, stroke, tumours,
gunshots or accidents. The brain damages are biologically referred to as lesions. In
experiments, lesions may be intentionally induced through surgical procedures like during the
removal of brain tumours, or reduction of epileptic effects in split-brain patients.
Furthermore, psychologists may deliberately produce a lesion in an animal to understand
cognitive behaviours. By doing so, the research psychologists hope to draw inferences
concerning the possible functions of the human brain in relation to the effects observed in
animals.
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