Brand Management: A Study on Morrison’s Branding Strategies and Techniques

The text is a table of contents and introduction to a study on brand management using the example of Morrison, the UK's 4th largest grocery chain. The study covers branding components, methods, and tactics for effective branding, as well as portfolio management, brand equity management, and brand hierarchy. It also includes an assessment of global brand management and methodologies used to assess Morrisons’ brand value. Brand management is a marketing strategy that uses methods to develop the determined value of a product or brand through time and is essential in the retail industry.

BRAND
MANAGEMENT
1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................2
P1/M1 Explain the significance of branding as marketing strategy, as well as how and why it has
become prevalent in corporate practice...........................................................................................2
P2/M2 Evaluate the critical elements of effective strategy of brand for managing and building
brand equity.....................................................................................................................................7
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................9
P3/M3 Evaluate various tactics of the portfolio management , brand equity management and
brand hierarchy................................................................................................................................9
LO 3...............................................................................................................................................13
P4/M4 Analysis the way brands manage collaboration and partnership both at national and
international level..........................................................................................................................13
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................16
P5/M5 Analysis various techniques and methods to manage and measure brand value using
particular examples........................................................................................................................16
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................18
References......................................................................................................................................19
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Branding importance........................................................................................................3
Figure 2: Keller's Brand Equity Model............................................................................................3
Figure 3: Aaker's Brand Equity Model............................................................................................5
Figure 4: Active Vs. Passive management......................................................................................8
Figure 5: House of brands vs. branded house..................................................................................9
Figure 6: Brandz Model.................................................................................................................10
Figure 8: Types of consumer behaviours.......................................................................................15
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Introduction
Brand management can be termed as marketing activity in which the marketer of a certain brand
develops the appropriate brand name that is easily identifiable by the target customers. The study
titled brand management is created on the important aspects of branding, using examples from
the grocery brand Morrison.
It is the UK's 4th largest grocery chain. The study will go through the branding components,
methods, and tactics that are utilized for effective branding of the company and its goods. It will
also discuss the importance of portfolio management, brand equity management, and brand
hierarchy. The research will also include an assessment of global brand management using the
modern technology and techniques. Finally, the study will provide a practical review of several
sorts of methodologies used to assess Morrisons’ brand value.
1

LO 1
P1/M1 Explain the significance of branding as marketing strategy, as well as how and why
it has become prevalent in corporate practice.
Brand management is a marketing strategy that uses methods to develop the determined value of
a product or brand through time. A healthy brand management monitors increase in the price of
the product in order to build a loyal client base through the powerful brand association.
To create more consumers and revenues at Morrisons, brand management is essential in the retail
industry. Business managers and leaders seek to retain brand equity by using effective
management standards and tactics. With tight control over origin and quality, as well as highly
skilled personnel, the organization can provide the finest goods and services to its consumers.
Importance of brand management in function of marketing and overall business
In the supermarket industry, clients are offered a diverse selection of items with varying features
and specifications. In the near run, it typically confuses buyers. For example, if a customer
buying groceries items will have a plethora of options to choose from. The buyer deals with such
difficulties by gravitating toward a well-known and trusted brand that offers the best value.
As a result, brand marketing will be critical in drawing new customers to well-established
businesses. Effective brand management processes and techniques contribute to increased profits
and sales. Enhanced promotional efforts foster intense competition in the industry and market,
allowing businesses to generate new products, ideas, and improvements. Morrison's marketing
staffs has been working tough to keep the brand's image favourable. It aided management in
overcoming shortfalls and redesigning their market share with improved goods. Sales and
marketing professional want to work at a company where they can advance their careers.
Branding will assist Morrisons in hiring talented, qualified, clever, and experienced applicants in
order to enhance corporate productivity and performance. It also aids management in lowering
staff turnover.
2

The figure depicted below illustrate few of the benefits of brand management in marketing
function, they are as follows:
 Ensures a Good Reputation:
Businesses with a positive market image benefit from a number of advantages over their
competitors. They can simply draw additional consumers because of their goodwill. Businesses
separate themselves from the competition by doing so. It gives the company a distinct identity
and the companies should create a simple, distinctive, and appealing brand. It aids in the
production of long lasting notion on their customers.
 Attracts customers easily:
A company's good brand helps it get new consumers. Companies with a better brand image can
easily gain new consumers. Customers establish trust and faith in good brands. They get devoted
to them and make repeated purchases. Customers like to do business with well-known brands. It
gives them happiness and appreciation for using their items.
 Rising the business profitability:
Branding assists businesses in earning significant amounts of income. Businesses build a strong
market position through branding. They can simply sell their items with a high profit margin.
Customers are prepared to pay a premium for reputable brand items. It is all down to their
confidence and faith in these companies. As a result, branding assists firms with boosting their
profit margins by addressing high prices for products.
 Enhancing value of business:
To attract capital from the market, a company's market value must be high. A well-known
company has a positive market image. Each of the company investors wants to put their money
into well-known firms. Branding enables businesses to readily obtain cash from investors. It
assists businesses in enhancing their value by providing additional industry leverage. This fund
allows businesses to quickly expand in size.
 Assist company to face competition:
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A strong brand is critical for businesses in today's competitive environment. Businesses build a
distinct identity through branding, which aids in the development of loyal consumers. These
clients have remained loyal to a specific brand for a long time. They prefer their own brands over
all others on the market. A strong brand also acts as a deterrent to new rivals entering the market.
A good brand has a huge share in the market which cannot be affected effortlessly.
 Encourage advertising:
Branding plays an important part in a company's advertising activities. It typically promotes
corporate advertising. Good brands can devise more effective advertising tactics. They get
greater outcomes from advertising by spending less money on it. By promoting their products,
branded firms make an appealing and long-lasting impact on customers. They need fewer efforts
and fewer funds for advertising.
 Promotes business at the time of crises:
During a crisis, strong brands can survive. In the event of a mishap, they can simply handle it.
Customers have a high level of faith and trust in these companies. This trust and confidence is
built over time by consistently delivering high-quality, better products. As a result, whether there
is a quality issue or a flaw with their items, customers will stand with them during their difficult
times. They supply them with valuable suggestions and show high level of patience towards the
company.
 Enhance employees pride and satisfaction:
Employee loyalty to a company may be increased through branding. It gives individuals a sense
of pride and satisfaction to work for a company that is well-known in the business world.
Working here earns them recognition and better treatment from society. Employee happiness and
satisfaction are increased as a result of branding. They love working in these businesses and form
emotional bonds with them. As a result, their loyalty grows and employees work by heart
towards the achievement of the company’s goal.
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Figure 1: Branding importance
(Source: Geek Tonight, 2020)
Understanding brand management through time may be examined using an essential model
known as The Keller's Brand Equity Model. The author's primary goal in developing this model
is to create a meaningful brand image through brand perceptions, concepts, and experiences. For
example, if marketing team of Morrisons implements this strategy, the company will be able to
generate significant consumer loyalty and brand equity.
Figure 2: Keller's Brand Equity Model
(Source: Keaton Hawker, 2019)
The model, as shown in Figure 2, is separated into many stages, which are explained below:
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Salience - The marketer's first task is to create a famous and well-known brand name or identity
for the company's growth. Morrisons relies on brand awareness since it is how people perceive
the brand and distinguishes it from others.
The marketing team of Morrisons must recognize that this is one of the most important elements
in building brand equity. To raise brand recognition, the organization must devote energy, time,
and other resources to digital and commercial brand marketing. For instance, brand marketing on
social media platforms such as Face book and Twitter opens up new avenues for Morrisons to
engage with customers.
Imagery and Performance-
Keller's approach has conked out the performance requirements into five KPIs: first one is the
key features of the products. Second, there's dependability, durability, and serviceability to
consider. Finally, service efficacy, empathy and efficiency are important considerations. Style
and design are the fourth and last considerations. Fifth, there's the matter of cost.
The term "imagery" refers to the social value of the brand, presentation to customers, and
customer perceptions. Morrisons's items, for instance, the products of Morrisons must be the best
to buy and use in terms of product durability and quality. While developing product promotions,
the organization must keep the promise it made to the client. Conveying a compelling content
and brand message to the target audience aids in the development of a brand both at international
and national level.
Feeling and Judgement-
Morrisons' distributes a variety of branded items through its shops and online platforms. Buyers
of vital everyday items and other unusual things keep track of and compare brands and their
variants. Because of high health and trend worries, the store's grocery department, which
contains organic food goods, is more likely to attract more consumers. If such items satisfy
customers' expectations, confidence is built, and the organization gains word-of-mouth
advertising. Morrisons’ clients must feel morally and emotionally connected to the brand. For
example, Morrisons must be recognized as an appropriate location for users to meet their basic
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necessities. It must contribute to increasing the satisfaction of consumer and their living
standards.
Resonance –
The model's creator places market resonance at the summit of the pyramid because it is the most
difficult elements of brand management. Customers' techniques of identifying with a brand are
referred to as brand resonance. It is one of the usual customer connection goals that Morrisons's
marketer must establish. For example, the marketing team will implement measures such as an
advertisement using social media, customer offers and loyalty cards.
P2/M2 Evaluate the critical elements of effective strategy of brand for managing and
building brand equity.
Brand equity is the extra value that a company derives from a product with a well-known brand
name. The marketers of the modern business build brand equity for their goods by making them
distinctive, distinguishable, superior, and dependable in comparison to their competitors'
offerings. For instance, the extra sums those Morrisons consumers are willing to pay for bakery
products rather than store brand of cake, are some of the examples of brand equity.
Figure 3: Aaker's Brand Equity Model
(Source: Clootrack, 2020)
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Brand loyalty– Brand loyalty is crucial for marketing since it measures a buyer's commitment to
a brand. It also shows customer behaviour in moving to another brand when the product changes.
For instance, Morrison consumer’s high loyalty towards supermarket goods has aided the
organization in reducing the customer base's size.
Brand revitalisation may also help to create brand loyalty. To increase sales, Morrison must
enhance its present goods and brand image in response to changing customer trends, business
trends, and business environment.
Brand recognition - Customers prefer to buy recognized brands because they give more comfort
and dependability. Morrison should distinguish such a metric in order to remain in business and
offer constant quality while selling well-known brands. For instance, as long as they are aware of
the brand, the customers will remember their purchasers and choose the brand wisely.
Business organizations may also experience a brand crisis from time to time as a result of
changes in the business environment. Brexit and Covid-19, for example, have had a substantial
influence on companies and the UK economic sectors, and have harmed the retail sector's
commercial operations.
Perceived quality - Morrisons is a company with a brand name that is linked with high quality.
Customers' purchasing decisions and brand loyalty are constantly influenced indirectly by such
benefits. Assume that the buyer additionally does a thorough examination of the product's and
brand's quality before actually buying it.
In such scenario, it may aid Morrisons in recruiting a high-value client base, resulting in higher
profits for the company. It can also be utilized for brand extension in the future.
Brand association–The claimed worth of a brand name is frequently determined by the
association connected with it. Morrison’s new business relationships, for example, can foster a
favourable attitude between consumers and other stakeholders. Morrison’s competitor will be
difficult to challenge if it is well-positioned on certain product class attributes.
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Morrison’s other exclusive brand assets include trademarks, patents, and channel connections.
Morrison’s patents and licenses, for example, will be more valuable if they prevent alternative
brands from stealing customers. For example, the trademark will protect brand equity from
competitors that use the same recognizable logos, packaging, and punch lines.
LO 2
P3/M3 Evaluate various tactics of the portfolio management, brand equity management
and brand hierarchy.
Portfolio management
It is concerned with the allocation of corporate resources and the reduction of risks associated
with it. The portfolio management is the process of aligning the goals of the organization with
actual results. While managing the brand and other connected areas, the marketer for Morrisons
must analyze the fundamental benefits and limits. It will assist management in developing the
optimal plans based on stakeholder input.
The portfolio manager must also be well-versed in the stock market and the benefits of investing.
Two important forms of portfolio management techniques for Morrison’s business management
are mentioned below.
Active portfolio management- In the active phase, the manager achieves better returns on the
investments than the company objectives. The manager's goal will be to acquire equities when
they are at their lowest value and sell them when they are in great demand. To determine the real
stock prices, the quantitative value of Morrisons must be calculated.Investors are also advised to
diversify their investments across various industries. To execute these methods, the portfolio
management staff must be highly competent and experienced in order to make accurate
projections.
Passive portfolio management - If Morrisons adopts a passive strategy of portfolio management,
its prices will begin to represent the company's true values. In this case, the management will
work very hard to raise the funds with lowering the turnover prices and the extended potential.
9

For example, with consistent performance, the portfolio manager will then be able to reduce
operating expenses while increasing earnings.
Figure 4 depicts a comparison of passive and active portfolio management, demonstrating that
investment management costs in operational management which are greater than in passive
management.
Figure 4: Active Vs. Passive management
(Source: Advisor perspectives, 2016)
Due to their naive assumptions, portfolio management methods are ineffective at times of
company crisis or market meltdown. It may raise the likelihood of a business loss throughout the
process of product diversification.
Brand Hierarchy Models
A brand hierarchy is a structure designed to alter the arrangement of certain brand elements and
sub-categories. To launch and trade distinct items under different schemes, the marketer at
Morrisons must create a brand structure that allows the product to be identified individually. The
following are essential brand hierarchy strategies:
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Branded or Umbrella house - This brand composition identifies the company itself as a brand.
For instance, in order to attract more consumers and build high brand recognition, the top and
popular brands must constantly be accessible at Morrisons.
House of brands- By focusing on creating specific sub-products and brands, Morrisons' grocery
company will expand. The marketer may swiftly develop a better name by making the sub-
brands recognised with better resources and techniques.
Figure 5: House of brands vs. branded house
(Source: Ronald Van Hafften, 2020)
Endorsed – These brands are linked to the parent brand. With regular branding, the parent brand
aids in making the communication and advertising process more adaptable.
Hybrid - A hybrid strategy connects the elements of all three brand architectures mentioned
above. To acquire new brands, for example, the marketer must mix and match relevant strategies
and concepts. It is possible to do this with the help of mergers and acquisitions. This strategy is
advised for Morrisons since it possesses all of the necessary skills to handle the dramatic
relationship among the brands.
The structure of brand hierarchy is not appropriate for every type of business or market. For
instance, new goods frequently fail to satisfy quality standards and consumer expectations. As a
result, the organization's brand may suffer as a result.
Brand equity management
To meet the company goals and provide the greatest customer experiences, the marketer must
favourably impact the customer's purchasing decisions in order to build good brand equity for
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Morrisons. As a result, another critical brand equity management strategy recommended for the
organization is the Brandz approach for creating significant brand equity. The following are
some of the Brandz model's useful components:
The model's creator created a brand dynamic pyramid with five important aspects, as shown in
figure six: presence, relevance, performance, advantage and bonding. According to this
approach, brand development will entail a set of phases. After successfully completing the
previous degree, each stage is sectioned off. For instance, the bonding component comprises
customers' logical and emotional ties to Morrisons in comparison to rival grocery brands. The
performance stage includes the operations of the organization to offer the best product
performance on the list of buyers. It should be acknowledged that implementing brand equity
management strategies would be costly because it is a time-consuming procedure.
Figure 6: Brandz Model
(Source: Clootrack, 2020)
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LO 3
P4/M4 Analysis the way brands manage collaboration and partnership both at national and
international level.
Brand partnership and collaboration business
Brand partnership and collaboration is a worthy and widely used business approach used by
many entrepreneurs today to grow their businesses on a domestic, national and worldwide scale.
It is a business collaboration of two or more persons, organizations, or big brands with the goal
of gaining economic and competitive advantages by selling high-quality products and services.
The marketing and communication strategies used by brand collaboration are critical in raising
customer awareness. Morrisons' brand partnerships with other brands, for example, will increase
the performance and efficiency of the organization.
Brand collaboration's marketing and communication techniques are essential in generating high
customer awareness. For example, Morrisons' brand collaboration with other brands will provide
the organisation with higher performance and efficiencies.
Morrison's relationship with analytics firm IRI was confirmed in 2019 to strengthen its customer
loyalty program. Both parties contributed equally to raising brand awareness and improving
corporate repute. As a result, brand cooperation assists in bringing together experts,
professionals, experienced, and qualified people who benefit both parties.
In 2019, Morrison's partnership with analytics organisation IRI was confirmed to improve its
customers' loyalty scheme. Both the partners invested equitable efforts in generating high brand
awareness and enhancing business reputation. Therefore, brand collaboration helps combine
experts, professionals, skilled, and qualified members that benefit both the partners.
The major constraints of a partnership firm include disagreements among joint owners over
business strategies, ideas, processes, and profit and loss sharing. Customers frequently feel
uneasy trying a new brand, which may erode their trust in established businesses. Morrison's
employment spans several product lines, which may be difficult for many employees and
supervisors.
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The primary limitations in partnership business include disagreement of joint owners over
business plans, ideas, process, and sharing of profits and losses. Often, customers feel unsafe to
try the new brand, which might lower their confidence in the existing brands. Morrison's work in
multiple product lines and this might be stressful for many workers and managers.
Franchising strategy
Franchising business growth is a technique used by businesses nowadays to start and extend their
operations in foreign regions with a large population and a high demand for their products.
Morrison’s brand owners must provide right for legal license to the brand name and then sell its
items.
For instance, one of Morrison’s main contenders is TESCO, which has gained a massive market
share in the United Kingdom by building many stores in every popular and accessible area. Such
business concepts will also assist Morrison in expanding into new markets, expanding its product
network of distribution, and improving its brand position and equity.
Morrison announced an arrangement with Sandpiper CI and other Channel Islands convenience
stores in 2018. Morison’s worldwide expansion opportunities include in Asia, Africa, and the
United States. When franchising begins, the franchisor assumes ownership and accountability. It
is important to give particular skills, expertise, experience and training to the new employees and
co-owner.
Political parties in developing nations also enable franchise businesses to create branches in
order to generate economic development and growth. Such businesses give both the owner and
the franchisor with high revenue as well as prospects for long-term growth.
The costly expense of acquiring intellectual rights, as well as the payment of service taxes, fees,
and royalties to the brand’s primary owner, is all drawbacks of a franchise firm. In addition, if
the parent brand goes bankrupt or shuts, the franchise firm will also shut down.
Global positioning and branding
It is the procedure of placing a brand in the eyes of worldwide customers through successful
promotional techniques and communication content. For instance, a Morrison’s product marketer
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can carry out activities such as social media and digital marketing, public relations advertising,
email marketing, and so on. If companies like Morrison use such techniques, they will benefit
from significant economies of scale, decrease operational and promotion costs, and increase the
brand's impact in the community.
Nonetheless, this technique has several limits, such as societal and political changes. Customers'
culture, taste, worries, and requirements, for example, vary from country to country and area to
area. As a result, merchants are finding it difficult to target the proper audience and create the
relevant substance to manipulate the purchasing decision of the customers. Furthermore, political
and legal actions and laws also differ from country to country, along with restricting the entry of
any new brands.
Product line extension
The entry of a new product into an existing brand's existing client market is referred to as a
product line extension plan. One of the most common instances of a product line is a
supermarket. Morrison sells a wide range of branded products to people from all category and
class.
Such commercial methods to strengthen the brand image with new product plans, for instance,
changes in product colour, shape, size, packaging, scent, and so on, are carefully planned by
brand managers. A successful leveraging strategy to take use of current consumer loyalty and
brand popularity is a product line expansion. The high cost of operations, promotions, and sales
are all factors in the creation, launch, and maintenance of new products. If new items fail to
satisfy the leader's expectations, huge financial losses will result.
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LO 4
P5/M5 Analysis various techniques and methods to manage and measure brand value using
particular examples.
Understanding various types of methods for managing and measuring brand:
Brand awareness - With unique communication methods and advertising activities, the customer
is informed about the branded items. It is one of the most essential roles played by the marketer
in the development of a company's brand name. Morrison’s marketer, for example, must engage
with customers and instil a passion for the brand in their minds. To achieve long-term sales
benefits and allow customers to associate with the brand, it is critical to establish a good
relationship with them. Morrison will see new gains and assist establish better customer
involvement if they use tools like brand tracking to create the correct picture of the company.
Market share- represents the percentage of products or brands that have been sold over a period
of time. It aids in the evaluation of a customer's brand requirements in comparison to those of a
rival’s brand. In comparison to other supermarket brands, Morrison's products enjoy a large
market share in the United Kingdom. Morrison’s marketer can employ market research and
analysis to locate potential customers to uncover the most recent market changes and trends, as
well as assess business environment components. It aids leaders in making sound decisions and
receiving timely feedback.
Consumer behaviour - These branding tools include information on customer preferences,
purchasing behaviours, and future demands and trends. If Morrison adopts such gadgets, the
marketer will need to employ the best channels of communication to gather the necessary
information about customers in order to improve products and services and introduce new ones.
Figure eight depicts several customer behaviours.
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Figure 7: Types of consumer behaviours
(Source: KB Manage, 2020)
Brand value – It is determined by examining the financial statements of the company to
determine the brand's financial status. Brand audit procedures are used by accountants and other
experts to analyse a company's position in the industry. It's a form of internal branding in that
leaders can learn about the company's strengths, flaws, and true needs.
As previously stated, the technique has flaws and criticisms, such as the fact that it only looks at
a few customers' choices and behaviours. It may make frequent errors such as combining two
classes of client preferences into one. Market share strategies also appear to be prohibitively
expensive and time-consuming, requiring meticulous planning and calculations.
It's also worth noting that client feedback can be either positive or negative. A negative review
may deter prospective buyers from trying out the brand and will harm the image and market
share of the current product. A brand audit is also a time-consuming and difficult process that
necessitates a high level of expertise and skill.
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Conclusion
The aforementioned analysis concludes that brand management is a broad idea that is extremely
significant in today's corporate world. It is critical to corporate growth, increased profitability,
new market shares, and competitive advantages. The paper has provided accurate information
regarding Morrison’s brand management, as well as supporting ideas and models.
Brand equity, portfolio management, and hierarchy management are all important topics for the
company to learn about. The research provides an exact analysis of brand leveraging concepts to
improve brand name of Morrison in the domestic and international market. Furthermore, the
analysis of different branding approaches have aided in the making of important business
decisions in order to develop a positive brand image for the company.
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