Information Management for British Airways: CRM, eBusiness, and Frameworks

This report discusses how British Airways uses CRM and eBusiness strategies to manage customer knowledge and attain competitive advantage. It also explores frameworks like PESTLE and SWOT analysis used to analyze the business environment of British Airways.

Running head: INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Information management
Name of student
Name of University
Author note

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Table of contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Use of CRM system for managing customer knowledge and attaining competitive advantage2
Impact of eBusiness strategy on business effectiveness............................................................5
Evaluation of frameworks required to analyse the business environment of British Airways. .7
PESTLE framework...............................................................................................................7
Impact of knowledge management strategy on the organisational efficiency.........................10
Knowledge management: a tool for resolving crisis............................................................10
Knowledge management: A perspective towards strategic planning..................................10
Knowledge management: a tool for improving customer experience.................................11
Conclusion................................................................................................................................11
References................................................................................................................................12

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Introduction
The report is prepared to discuss about the various ways and approaches for managing
information for the chosen case organisation named British Airways. The company is the flag
carrier and also one of the largest airlines in United Kingdom in terms of size of fleet and also
in terms of passengers carried. The report will illustrate about the various approaches
undertaken by the organisation to use a CRM system for managing the customer related data
and information along with the implementation of eBusiness strategy for achieving the
expected business performance. The topic will also include the relevant frameworks and
models needed to analyse the business environment of British Airways and also create scopes
for implementing an effective knowledge management strategy to enhance the business
functioning, attract more clients, generate higher business revenue and attain competitive
advantage in business as well.
Use of CRM system for managing customer knowledge and attaining competitive
advantage
Being one of the most popular and established brands within the airlines industry,
British Airways aims to manage customer knowledge and information not only for the
purpose of gaining competitive advantage, but also for ensuring that the customer gain proper
trust and loyalty on the business. According to Girchenko, Ovsiannikova and Girchenko
(2017), the clients will remain informed about the organization’s products and services,
which can drive their buying behaviours and allow them to make purchases consistently. To
manage customer knowledge and information based on which, customer loyalty has been
maintained, the airlines company aims to manage extended utilisation of the Customer
relationship management or CRM system (Girchenko, Ovsiannikova and Girchenko 2017).
This may assist the company in improving the knowledge acquisition and management of

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information furthermore to attain a competitive edge over its competitors, furthermore
generate higher business revenue. Based on the vision and mission statement, it is to be
believed that the CRM is critical to the success of the organisation in terms of managing the
differentiation of products and services from other companies and create convenience for the
clients to access the products and services quite easily (Galliers and Leidner 2014).
British Airways’ main activities include managing commercial passenger transport
and managing domestic, national and transnational flights as well (Britishairways.com 2018).
The extensive and great quality services have helped in maintaining a positive brand name
and image and with the promotions and advertising strategies, the company has gained
further brand exposure, which allows for attracting more clients and deliver services
according to their needs and preferences (Campbell, Jardine and McGlynn 2016). As stated
by Pedron et al. (2016), the operating costs are though considered and availability of landing
slots, because based on that, the prices are set for the services provided to the passengers who
want to move from one place to another. British Airways wants to save a lot of operating
costs and manage external investments or spending for influencing changes to the CRM
environment and at the same time, add more some functional features required to enhance the
business efficiency (Pedron et al. 2016). The use of Teradata CRM, also known as the TCRM
application should bring efficiency by managing the marketing related communications and
maintain a strong global customer base. The marketing group is linked with the business
departments and has worked in coordination, as an unit, to use the TCRM system for
conducting various marketing campaigns, which should result in making the operations
fragmented, furthermore improve the potential of communication process managed with the
clients and influence their buying behaviours too (Soomro, Shah and Ahmed 2016).
Being an industry leader with over 45000 employees and operations managed in over
100 countries all over the world, British Airways assists more than 40 million passengers

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every year and the entire fleet structure includes more than 270 aircrafts that are of nine
different types (Britishairways.com 2018). There were issues resulted because of the over
capacity, lesser profit margin, Government laws, rules and regulations along with geo-
political influences and high level of competition in the market, which has made the company
to come up with something new and focus on their most important stakeholders. i.e., the
customers (Liu and Law 2013). With the use of the CRM system, the company could easily
manage the information and data related to the clients by storing those in Integrated
Commercial Warehouse or ICW, which should further improve the decision making and
support capabilities through improvement of Information technology infrastructure and
making necessary changes to the strategies implemented. The CRM usage has also the ability
to bring the best potential of the company by centralising the data and information,
furthermore strengthen the business’ potential to provide solutions to their queries to meet the
clients’ expectations (Baporikar 2014). This may also allow the business organisation to
make informed decisions and stay ahead of the competition within the airlines industry.
The major benefits to be obtained by the company include supporting the email, web
channels from a single interface to leverage the integrated information and gain a proper
understanding of the customers’ behaviour and drivers of their purchases. The CRM usage
could also help British Airways to manage resources properly, maintain timelines within
which the tasks should be executed, deliver faster response to customers’ changing needs and
ensure automation of communications too (Britishairways.com 2018). The users who would
ask any queries would be able to obtain responses from the organisation virtually and within
quick time, thus a sense of trust would be established among them too (Willcocks and
Graeser 2013). The CRM usage should allow British Airways to strategically shift from off
line to online communication process, therefore evaluate the objectives focused on fulfilling
clients’ needs based on the Future Size and Shape Programme and meet their demands by

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engaging with them. This should reduce the marketing costs and maintain good relationships
between the business and its customers, which is considered as an important factor for
influencing the consumer buying behaviours with ease and effectiveness (Hynes 2013).
Impact of eBusiness strategy on business effectiveness
In spite of providing good quality products and services are reasonable prices, in case
the digital experience lacks coherence or consistency, the risks would emerge and it would
directly affect targeting the right market segments. British Airways pursues the eBusiness
strategy and e-commerce goals and objectives with proper consideration of aligning the
strategy with the business strategies for focusing on the clients and ensure that they are kept
satisfied (Britishairways.com 2018). As stated by Budd and Vorley (2013), the aligning of
eBusiness strategy with the organisation could help in understanding the target market and at
the same time, maintain direct connection with the clients to address their needs and
preferences. There are various digital channels and media platforms that are responsible for
facilitating the management of eBusiness strategy, furthermore creates more exposure of the
brand and its products and services for the clients (Budd and Vorley 2013). This has been a
great approach to drive the clients and influenced their buying behaviours too. The digital
consumer are different from the traditional consumers, due to which, British Airways must
manage segmentation of the market and then implement a perfect strategy considering the
each of this market segments and then select the customised digital experience that will be
suitable for the customers within those specific market segments (Liu and Law 2013).
According to Taneja (2017), communication process is one of the major areas that has
promoted strategic alignment of the business strategies with the activities associate with the
different market segments for the improvement of business performance and effectiveness.
The alignment of eBusiness strategy involves making good business decisions associated
with the technological resources required to meet the operational, tactic and strategic goals

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and objectives of the organisation (Taneja 2017). The most interesting part of implementing
the eBusiness strategy is that it has fostered value creation for British Airways and allowed
the company to use the information technology system integrated with the business process
for enhancing the performance of inter-organisational transactions (Alqahtani and Saba
2013).
The manager of the company has designed the business strategies while the IT
manager of British Airways has been assigned with the roles and responsibilities of putting
into practice the products and services along with providing relevant support to the
technological infrastructure advancement. Ajmera et al. (2013) also stated that with the
alignment of eBusiness strategy with the business activities, the organisation has managed the
website ba.com where most of the leisure fares are provided through the UK website. This
has allowed the passengers to make bookings quite easily make upgrades of their booking
status at any tie between the purchases of flight tickets and check-in done online (Ajmera et
al. 2013). They could also manage check-in as well as gain access to real time arrivals and
information about the departure of flights by opening the website on their mobile phones or
laptops.
The eBusiness strategy of M&S includes management of supply chains that has
ensured proper coordination between the business units and other third parties that provide
the airlines services. The integration of supply chain is necessary for smooth business
functioning beginning from the origin to the stage where the final products are delivered to
the end users. The eBusiness strategy adopted by British Airways is also responsible for
managing the website, furthermore maintain a parallel network consisting of purchasing and
selling aspects through distribution of information over the internet (Botha, Kourie and
Snyman 2014). The services are availed by customers over the internet, which has created
convenience through management of great supply chain management.

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The management of inventories are facilitated by eBusiness strategy, which also has
given rise to better strategic plans required for storage and retrieval of inventories along with
prevention of unnecessary machineries and equipment, which could save up a lot of costs and
unnecessary expenditures too. According to Leung, Schuckert and Yeung (2013), the
eBusiness strategies are further facilitated with the involvement of social media platforms
like Facebook, Twitter, etc., which has resulted in delivering great quality customers’
services and management of good relationships with the customers, thus contributing to the
development of trust and loyalty between the business and its customers too at British
Airways (Leung, Schuckert and Yeung 2013). The customers are attracted and kept informed
as they can easily access the company and surf the social networking websites, from where,
necessary information and knowledge are obtained about the products and services delivered
by the organisation. The airlines company introduced the latest automated biometric
technology within the UK airports that offer self-service boarding gates through facial
recognition technology. This has been aimed at improving the punctuality of passengers
while boarding and they no longer will have to wait in queues to take the boarding pass,
rather they can easily look at the camera to ensure facial recognition and verify the biometric
data that matches the passenger identity.
Evaluation of frameworks required to analyse the business environment of British
Airways
There are various frameworks that are associated with the analysis of business
environment of British Airways and few of these are PESTLE framework and SWOT
analysis that determines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. These
frameworks are important for planning the strategic direction, furthermore allow the company
to accomplish the organisational goals and objectives with ease and effectiveness.

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PESTLE framework
Political
The employee unions are often engaged in frequent strikes, which has affected the
airlines services and also deteriorated the brand image and reputation. The employees were
involved in strikes due to the issues emerging due to lower wages paid to them and lack of
job benefits along with job redundancies. After Brexit, the company could not rely on the
European Aviation Safety Agency framework, which further created barriers while accessing
open skies all over Europe (Kew and Stredwick 2017). The Government laws, rules and
regulations have put restrictions on the flying though the policy related to the open skies has
provided BA with enhanced scopes and opportunities to compete and at the same time, grow
within the competitive airlines industry through faster decision making process.
Economic
The demands for the airlines services are based on elasticity of high income and with
the growing of world economy, the demands for airlines services would also improve with
time. BA has made plans to manage a third runway at Heathrow to shift the operational
departments while the lower price of fuels has increased the ability to generate higher
revenue in business. The Brexit uncertainty has also affected the business by deteriorating the
chances of making investments by UK carriers.
Social
The perception of British Airways as a low cost carrier has increased with time, which
has also influenced the enhanced the brand appeal of the airlines company. The changing
lifestyles and demands of clients has further allowed to look at the airlines company to
strengthen its brand image and name throughout without losing any market share, which has

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further ensure fulfilling the demands of clients and ensure customer satisfaction (Langfield-
Smith et al. 2017).
Technological
Within the airlines industry, the advancement of technology has facilitated the
research and development activities for ensuring improvement in security level and enhanced
quality of services delivered by BA. The implementation of automated biometric recognition
at the check in and other technological innovations have resulted in using the core
competencies of the company to adapt to the dynamic changing environment and keep u pace
with the fast moving industry consistently. This would help the company in improving the
quality of services, furthermore influence consumer buying behaviours and attain competitive
advantage in business too.
Legal
One of the most important legal factors is the influence of Trade Unions, who were
involved in strikes due to lesser wages and other benefits paid to them. The cabin crew crisis
further lead to other legal issues and this affected the business reputation and brand image
too, thereby resulted in poor sales revenue and decreased number of clients (Gray, Adams
and Owen 2014). The payments must be settled to employees regarding lawsuit to ensure that
the legal standards are maintained and the company follows the organisational laws, rules and
regulations properly.
Environmental
It was made mandatory for the airlines company to avail the carbon pollution permits
to operate in the European Union region. To maintain the quality standards and at the same
time, fulfil the corporate social responsibilities. BA should represent that the company had
been socially responsible and managed the resources efficiently to contribute to the protection

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of environment and ensure reduced consumption of energy and fuel through improvements in
the aerodynamics and engine technology of the airlines (Charter 2017). The Company aims to
achieve the goals of reducing carbon emissions and reduce the noise too and also focused on
recycling to maintain an ecological balance in nature too. This framework is considered as
suitable for analysing the business environment and plan for strategic direction to accomplish
the goals and objectives easily.
Impact of knowledge management strategy on the organisational efficiency
Knowledge management: a tool for resolving crisis
In spite of being a leading airline company in UK, British airways has encountered
financial crisis and disruption in the flight services due to ash cloud. Low cost competitors
like easy Jet and Ryannair had collapsed the parameter of customer satisfaction. Knowledge
management has proved effective for BA in terms of overcoming these crisis. As a matter of
specification, knowledge management has improved corporate communication. The major
drive behind this are emails and internet. According to the arguments of Bryson (2018),
mention can be made of e-learning strategies, which has enhanced the preconceived skills,
expertise and knowledge of the employees. With the keyword search, the employees can
easily access the required information. In case of the personnel, web searches assisted in
establishing contact with the wholesalers for gaining an insight into the currents trends of the
flight operations in the market. On the contrary, Kim et al. (2014) cites the reference of
Yammer, a social networking tool, assisting British airways to contact the cabin crew, front
line employees and pilots for resolving the potential issues.
Knowledge management: A perspective towards strategic planning
Interviewing the managers of British Airways resulted in uncertainties, predetermined
elements and driving forces. These results formed the official future plan for British Airways.

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Within this, the personnel conducted strategic planning, which includes storytelling and story
writing sessions along with painting. These techniques assists the managers in assessing the
capability of the employees in towards making practical application of the learnt skills
towards the execution of the business activities (North and Kumta 2018). This assessment is
cornerstone for the managers of BA in terms of developing new strategies. Including the
training and development programs within the strategies is one of an efficient means for BA
in terms of managing the knowledge gained by the employees. Using checklists and
templates for the planned strategies enhances the awareness about the clients and the
customers.
Knowledge management: a tool for improving customer experience
Managing the customer database helps British Airways to gain an insight into the
needs, demands and requirements of the customers. The information about the customers is
uploaded on the social networking sites and the official website. This sharing of knowledge
proves beneficial for excavating the approach of the customers towards the operations
offered. Typical example of this are the loyalty schemes, which helps the managers in
assessing the online behaviour of the customers. As per the opinions of Donate and de Pablo
(2015), installation of security cookies and policies reflects the management of the customer
demands. These security cookies align with the legal jurisdictions and travel security
regulations, which averts the illegal instances like loss of personal data of the customers.
Surveys and feedbacks helps the personnel of BA in gaining an insight into the specific tastes
and preferences of the customers (Britishairways.com 2018).
Conclusion
Use of Teradata CRM helps British Airways to manage the marketing related
communication with the clients and the customers. Along with this, this CRM system assists
BA in strengthening the customer base. Using social networking channels is assistance in

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terms of transmitting the basic information to the clients about the domestic, national,
transnational and the international flights. Including training and development programs
within the strategies seems beneficial for BA in terms of managing the knowledge of the
employees. Social media is keystone for BA in terms of strengthening the customer base
through the expansion of scope and arena. Adherence to legislative requirements helps in
maintaining the security of the passengers. Evaluation is necessary in terms of reviewing the
current business trends, which needs to be modified by BA for reaching to the benchmark
level of performance. Introducing loyalty schemes would be crucial in terms of luring the
customers towards the brand image. For this, consideration of the operational costs is vital in
terms of luring the foreign clients. Rationality in the form of strategic planning would
enhance the reputation.

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