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local exhaust ventilation (lev) system PDF

Design, Operation and maintenance of local exhaust ventilation systems

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Added on  2021-12-08

local exhaust ventilation (lev) system PDF

Design, Operation and maintenance of local exhaust ventilation systems

   Added on 2021-12-08

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local exhaust ventilation (lev) system PDF_1
LOCAL EXHAUST VENTILATION (LEV) SYSTEMS
Introduction
Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) systems are one of the most common and widely used methods
in the control of the exposure of the employees to the airborne contaminants in their places of
work. For a local exhaust ventilation systems to be efficient and effective in the control of
contaminants, significant and meaningful work has to be done at the design, maintenance as well
as testing stages. The aim of this report is to offer details of the different kinds of Local exhaust
ventilation systems, guidance associated with their maintenance, deign as well as testing
alongside the legal requirements (Persily, 2016).
Design of Local exhaust ventilation
One of the frequency used mechanisms of regulating the extent of exposure of hazardous
substances in the place of work is through the use of local exhaust ventilation. Other strategies
may as well be more effective including:
Removal of the hazardous substances that are being used or even the process that
generate them
Replacement using substances having less hazardous options or replacement of the tools
which generate the contamination with those that generate minimal contamination
Being in control of the process that generates the contaminants (Dunn, Topmiller,
McCleery and Whalen, 2018)
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Nonetheless, in most of the situations, Local exhaust ventilation systems tend to be the most
applicable solution. It is often possible to come up with a system through which the contaminants
may be taken charge of in most of the scenarios inclusive of the prevailing processes.
There are five main components of a Local exhaust ventilation systems including:
Hoods-the extraction inlets
A fan which offers the flow of air
Ductwork that transfers the contaminated air via the system
Air cleaners which are not found in all the systems; and
An exhaust vent or stack
A proper design of each of the parts of the systems is very important where there is need to trap
the contaminants from the source as well as prevent them from spreading into the working
surrounding. Nonetheless, the hood is the most fundamental components from the contamination
collection point of view (Khalqihi, Rahayu and Rendra, 2017). Chances that all the contaminants
will be captured and collected are reduced in case the hood is not properly designed. The
following considerations are significant prior to the beginning of designing an extraction system:
the contaminant nature
the process of generation
other considerations including air temperature and rate of generation
The system may thereafter be designed to handle the specific problem at hand
local exhaust ventilation (lev) system PDF_3
An example of Local Exhaust Ventilation System (Couch, 2016)
Design of a Hood
Extractions hoods are composed of an avalanche of designs ranging from the simple duct
openings all the way to the hoods that are fixed to the hand tools via sophisticated enclosures
surrounding the whole process. It is of essence that the design of the hood is done in such an
effectively manner that ensure maximum capturing of the contaminants while drawing the least
amount of clean air into the very system at the same time. A few basis guidelines should be
adhered to in the design of a hood for any local extraction system including:
The hood should not in any way hinder the work activity
The source of the contaminants should be enclosed as much as possible. The
contaminants are then contained, spread is minimized and the air quantity needed to pull
them into systems is reduced.
The contaminants should be pulled off the staff
Capturing of the contaminants should be done as proximate to the source as achievable to
ensure they are drawn into the system before dispersing (Oliveira and Pinto, 2019). For
instance, on hand tools, it is of essence that the hood is placed very close to the work
station to ensure it effectively captures dust.
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