Construction of Building S.C.O No. 22 - Project Overview and Analysis

This article discusses the construction of Building S.C.O No. 22 project overview, characteristics, objectives, distinctive activity, and project review. The project was completed from April 2018 to August 2018 by Jagjit Singh Dhillon Contractor. The site engineer utilized their knowledge of advanced construction, structural analysis, and SAP2000 software to design and analyze the building. The article also includes the responsibilities of the site engineer, identified issues, and their solutions.

CE 3.1 Project Information
Name of the Project: Construction of Building S.C.O No. 22
Location of the Project: PUDA SCF, S.C.O No. 22, Near Power House Road,
Bathinda
Project Duration: From April of 2018 to August of 2018
Organization: Jagjit Singh Dhillon Contractor
Role and Designation during the time: Site Engineer
CE 3.2 Project Background
CE 3.2.1 Characteristics of the project
The construction of building with 3 stories was the third major project in my civil
engineering professional career. In this project, I have designed and analysed the building
with S.C.O number 22 after proper involvement of several experiments or tests. I have
eventually predicted the overall performance of building structure after considering the
stipulated loads as well as external effects. After achieving significant knowledge on
significant analysis of structures, designing and even detailing various structural component
by undertaking some of major principles. For software project model, I decided to utilize the
software of SAP2000. This particular software has helped me in calculating the loads, 3D
modelling, results’ analysis and even the sample evaluations for each and every structural
element. It was a 3 storied building with the basement size of 30 x 80 ft. I checked the
concrete slabs, since they were provided as the foundation for basement. I even made the
designs of the columns after they were raised from the ground floor. For the sample
calculations, I also had to estimate the several loads and calculate the base shear and vertical

distribution of loads. The overall plinth area of this building was 467.452 m2 and thus I have
provided the compact design for the building and then compared the various results with my
desired results.
CE 3.2.2 Objectives developed for the project
My main objective of this project was to design this 3 storied building completely
effective as well as modernized in comparison to all other buildings. I also tried to make this
building resistant to earthquakes so that the client does not face any issue regarding project
quality. I selected one-way slab and even two way slab here for completing the work
effectively. Thus, while executing the project, the following objectives were developed by
me:
 To achieve practical knowledge regarding structural analysis, designing of the
building and even documenting the details regarding structural elements.
 To subsequently model the entire building for the purpose of structural analysis.
 To determine the subsequent structural system of this building to undertake the
various horizontal and vertical loads.
 To estimate the loads for making it resistant to earthquakes.
 To utilize software of SAP2000 version 14 to analyze the structure for the numerous
load effects.
 To design the building walls and roof with the methodology of limiting state.
CE 3.2.3 My area of work
Since, I was quite experienced during the execution of project, I was recruited as the
site engineer by the project technical head. The reason behind this was that I had experience
in working some of the most popular and important civil projects and also had the capability
to complete this project collaboratively. I even had to utilize knowledge of civil engineering

Managing Director
Project Head
(Technical)
Finance Manager
(Non Technical)
Site Engineer Technical (Me) SupervisorSupervisor
such as construction engineering as well as structural analysis for the work and thus provided
the idea about architecture planning. These skills and knowledge helped me in planning the
entire design of the 3-storied building.
CE 3.2.4 Project Group
Figure 1: People involved in the project
CE 3.2.5 My responsibilities throughout the project
In this project, I had several important responsibilities. My major responsibility was to
maintain the significant standards of construction and even to deal with the client. The client
of this project demanded for few changes in the project during the end and I was responsible
for making them understand that the project was perfect and does not require to be changed
under any circumstances. I was able to show them a prototype of my project and they were
satisfied with this prototype model. My next responsibility was to ensure that that finishing of
the concrete structure was fine. This helped the project in obtaining a proper structure of the
concrete. I was even assigned for the significant calculation of vertical distribution and base

shear of the loads. As, it was my plan to make the building resistant to earthquake, it was my
core responsibility for making it successful. I also made the layout plan of this project.
Figure 2: Layout Planning of Basement
To make the building earthquake resistant, I substantially determined the structured
based system and undertook various loads. For completing the structural analysis, I used
software of SAP2000 of version 14. I even provided suggestion of utilizing M25 concrete
grade and the reinforcement of Fe415.
CE 3.3 Distinctive Activity
CE 3.3.1 Comprehending the Theory of Project
Regarding the theoretical study and concepts in the project, I understood that the
project type was of building designing or structural analysis. The basement of this building
was of 30x80 ft and the respective height of the column for dome roof was 3.81m. For the
beam type, primarily I selected 725 x 800 mm and the secondary beam of 400 x 500 mm. The
curved beam was of 550 x 650 mm. I also selected the soft soil as well as raft foundations
with 100 KN/m2 bearing capacity.

I have also estimated the designing of various structural elements such as beams and
slabs and then checked these with the deflection and moment criteria. I have also done the
load calculation as per the preliminary drawing and architectural drawing. The exact value of
materials’ unit weights were also used by me.
Figure 3: Raft Foundation of Project
For the data designing, I have kept the construction material such as
Concrete Grade = M25
Steel Grade = Fe415
Live load on slab = 4 KN/m2

Live load on staircase = 3 KN/ m2
Live load on roof = 1.5 KN/m2
Bearing Capacity of the soil = 100 KN/m3.
CE 3.3.2 Engineering knowledge and skills applied in the project
My core engineering knowledge as well as skills related to the concrete technology
and fluid mechanics. These skills helped me in doing the building structural analysis. For
building designing, I have used my understanding of advanced construction and foundation
engineering. Several principles and theories were also used by me to check the designing of
columns and beams. For horizontal load calculation, I used my skill of base shear and for
executing structural analysis, I have used SAP2000 version 14.
CE 3.3.3 Accomplishment and Task Performed
For completing this project and accomplishing the task, I have planned the designing
of beams of the building. I completed this according to the deflection criteria. I had
undertaken the span of the longest beam of 6.7m in X direction as well as 6.63m within Y
direction.
To make the preliminary design of the columns, I made the calculations:

Thus, the load intensity was evaluated from slabs. After utilization of the SAP2000
V14 software, I completed the 3D modelling of this building.
CE 3.3.4 Identified issues and their solutions
3.3.4.1 Issues
The first issue that I have faced here was during column designing. The schedule that
I had made previously, was completely erroneous and thus the construction was not correct.
The column size for ground floor to second floor was much shorter than expected and thus
my client was not happy with the model. The second issue faced was while selecting the
beam. I had selected beam of lesser than 300 KN and plaster of 36 KN for building roof.
3.3.4.2 Solutions

For solving each and every above mentioned problem, I suggested relevant solutions.
For the first issue, I gave the solution of changing the column sizes and hence my problem
was solved.
Figure 4: Column Schedule of the Building
For the next issue, I suggested to use slab of 402 KN and hence the beam was
increased to 418.826 KN and plaster of 45.590 KN.
CE 3.3.5 Plan to produce creative and innovative work
My chief plan was for to produce an advanced along with original effort by
effectively working with my project head. I also subdivided my works perfectly and then

significantly ensured that I have completed every individual part with higher efficiency and
effectiveness.
CE 3.3.6 Collaborative Work
I as well as my supervisor of project have completed this work collaboratively. I have
tested the project functionalities repeatedly for the identification of the errors in this project
and finally completed the work perfectly. Besides, I also arranged various meetings for the
work with my head of the department.
CE 3.4 Project Review
CE 3.4.1 Project Overview
The main purpose of this project was constructing a 3 storied building in S.O.C no 22.
I even analysed the structure of the building perfectly. I have used my knowledge of
advanced construction, structural analysis and SAP2000 v14 software and completed load
calculations.
CE 3.4.2 My Contribution to work
I have effectively planned the design of 3 storied building, since I was the site
engineer. My other contribution to this project was to propose a design for this beams
properly and efficiently. I also found the various flaws of the project with proper solutions. I
also compared my results with the desired results.