Ask a question from expert

Ask now

Cognitive Psychology PSYC2300

9 Pages2504 Words92 Views
   

Cognitive Psychology (PSYC2300)

   

Added on  2021-09-15

Cognitive Psychology PSYC2300

   

Cognitive Psychology (PSYC2300)

   Added on 2021-09-15

BookmarkShareRelated Documents
BULLYING IN MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL
Student Name
Professor’s Name
Affiliation
Date
Cognitive Psychology PSYC2300_1
ABSTRACT
Bullying is the process whereby students who feel to be stronger expose weaker
students to bad treatments. Teachers and parents do not notice easily because in most cases
bullying is done indirectly. The culture of bullying is very common among the middle school
students and therefore, prevention methods should be put in place so that this problem can be
well addressed. Prevention methods that can help teachers effectively address this culture in
middle schools will also be discussed. This paper will address bullying as a problem among
students in the middle school. It will further look into the attitude that students have towards
bullying, causes of bullying, types, effects and even the characteristics of students who bully
others. In bullying, we have bullies and victims in most cases but sometimes bystanders are also
present and they all play different roles as it shall be discussed in the literature review.
Cognitive Psychology PSYC2300_2
LITERATURE REVIEW
As mentioned above, for bullying to take place a bully and a victim must be
present. A bully is a person who uses his/her powers or status to injure another person either
verbally, physically or emotionally whereas a victim is a person being bullied. In some cases
bystanders are also present and they are referred to those who witness the bullying activity but
they have nothing to do about it because of threats.
Bully
Bullies in middle school have common characteristics according to various
studies. Bullies injure others in different ways without thinking twice and according to Hase
(2015), bullies displays the following common characteristics; they are impulsive, that is , they
does things without considering the outcomes, they have a positive attitude towards violence,
they feel they are the ones to dominate, they are aggressive and they also lack empathy. The
perception of bullies by other students and how they judge them in middle school is also studied.
Espelage and Asidao stated that, in terms of popularity among other students bullies are below
average. Another researcher, Kessel (2015) indicated that, bullies can identify themselves with
other bullies because they belong to the same group and even compete among themselves. Every
bully would wish to be more popular than the other and they do so by being more aggressive.
The popularity of a bully can also be determined by the type of bully a student is.
In this case, there are clever and non-clever bullies and they possess different characteristics.
Clever bullies are the most popular bullies and they are always confident, smart, social and other
peers like them. Unlike non-clever bullies who are not highly ranked by their peers because they
possess weird characteristics like being insecure, ant-social and angry (Hein 2015).
According to Rose (2015), students who bully others in middle school are prone
to other indiscipline issues, because they also go against the laws and regulations governing the
school and this makes them to face disciplinary actions from time to time. They also disrespect
teachers and this makes them to be suspected whenever a mistake arises. On the other hand, a
study carried out by Selkie (2016) showed that, non-bullies were rarely found in disciplinary
issues and therefore rarely punished.
Cognitive Psychology PSYC2300_3

End of preview

Want to access all the pages? Upload your documents or become a member.

Related Documents
Effect of Bullying on Behaviour among University Students
|9
|2375
|325

Bullying in the Classroom
|12
|3438
|132

Cyber Bullying: Impact on Children's Learning and Development
|14
|3806
|366

Cyberbullying within the primary school
|10
|2336
|356

Psychological Effects of Bullying on Middle School Students
|12
|2865
|182

Australian covert bullying prevalence study -
|7
|1516
|15