Burn Injuries | Research Report

Running head: BURNS
BURNS
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note

BURNS2
Introduction:
Burn injuries have emerged as one of the significant problems affecting more than
500,000 people who are seeking intervention every year. Liang et al. (2018), suggested that burn
injuries resulted in 40,000 subsequent hospitalizations followed by 4000 death every year around
the globe. Every year, The Singapore General Hospital (SGH) Burn Centre receives a report of
approximately 93% of cases of severe burn arising in Singapore. While complex pathology of
the burn injury resulted in the burns, there is very limited therapy existed that can heal burn
associated injuries. Hence, this paper aims to provide etiology of burn, types of burns,
comorbidities, wound products, impact on the individual and significance in nursing in the
following paragraph.
Background:
Etiology:
Burn injuries are considered one of the most common injuries that possess a greater
potential to increase premature morbidity around the globe. Hence, it is crucial to gather an
understanding of the etiology of the burn for designing effective management of it. Duke et al.
(2016), highlighted that common etiology of the burn injuries include Fire, radiation such as x-
ray, sunlight, electrical currents, chemical such as strong acids, paint thinner and abuse.
Consequently, the individuals may experience signs of infections, wounds, increased pain, blister
or unexplained symptoms. The patients with flame burns as well as electrical burn injuries
frequently require hospitalization. On the other hand, most patients with other types of burns can
be cured but patients may experience financial loss, disability, and prolonged suffering.

BURNS3
Types of burn:
Burn injuries have various classifications based on the etiology of the burn and severity
of the burn. Considering the etiology of burn can be classified into 6 types such as friction burns,
cold burns, thermal burns, electrical burns, chemical burns and radiation burns. Considering the
degree of burn, the burn can be divided into three groups such as the first degree of burn, the
second degree of burn and third-degree burn. The first-degree burn is mild burn occurs because
of Sunburn that only affects the outer layer of the skin which is epidermis and it can induce
redness along with pain (Duke et al., 2016). The second-degree burn occurs because of contact
with hot liquids which impacts both the upper layer of the skin epidermis and the second layer of
the skin dermis (Veeravagu et al., 2015). The second degree of burn induces swelling, pain,
redness and splotchy skin which can cause scarring. The third-degree burn caused by Fire,
Electricity or lightning that affects the fat layer present under the skin and burn arras become
black, white or brown (Hamdan, 2018). A third-degree burn can be life threating and can destroy
nerves. Hence, it is crucial to seek clinical assistance when burns, occurs in large parts of the
body, induces leathery texture of skin and difficulty in breathing due to burnt airway.
Comorbidities:
Severe burns encourage drastic immunological responses that have induces organ
damage. The common comorbidities of burn include severe infection due to burn, respiratory
disease, dysphonia, renal failure and pulmonary (Fan et al., 2018). The patients with severe
systematic burn injuries often associated with smoking inhalation which disrupts the adequate
oxygen supply to the body and patient experience death due to acute airway obstruction,
bronchospasm, pulmonary infection and respiratory failure (Nielson et al., 2016). The patients
with third-degree burn usually doe to sepsis, multiple organ failure, and sepsis. Hence, it is