BUSINES PROCESS MODELLING.

Running head: BUSINES PROCESS MODELLING
BUSINES PROCESS MODELLING
Name of Student
Name of University
Author Note

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1. What is the most common Organizational Structure? How did the structure
evolve? What are the benefits and drawbacks associated with the
implementation of such a structure?
The most organizational structure that is most common is known as Functional
Structure. The organization which follows structure of functionality is based on some
functional areas that exists in the organization are marketing, Information technology and
finance. The employees of the organization are grouped together according to their expertise.
They are grouped together according to their function and they share knowledge and skills
(Bai et al., 2017).
An organization have a variety of structure and it can be arrange according to the
same. These structure enhance the operation and performance of the organization. The
functional areas are referred to as ”silos”. The top executive team of the organization have
several functional heads. The communication within the organization occurs between the
functional groups and it is then transmitted among the various departments and departmental
heads.
The operational efficiency that is offered by the functional structure is greater because
the employees of such organization are grouped together according to the knowledge and
skills they have and work together to perform certain functions. Each group perform their
operation and the top management act as point communication between these functional
areas (Strese et al., 2016).
There are some drawbacks of the organizational structure. There can be decrease of flexibility
because sometime the functional groups lacks communications. These can also result in
tunnel vision within the organization which means that each group will look after the
operations of the organization from their field of expertise. For removing these disadvantages
there is a need of promotion of the cross-functional communication.

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2. What is a functional information system? What is their value to an organization?
What are their main drawbacks?
Functional information system revolved around the main business function that are taking
place within the organization such as production, marketing, personal, and finance. These
functional areas performs all the processing related to the information processing. The
functions of the different areas are as follows:
Financial: These sub-system is engaged with the process of decision making of the financial
problems. All the financial issues that are need to be managed are taken care by the group of
employees who are experts ii this field (Laudon & Laudon, 2016).
Marketing: These sub-system provides information about the marketing system f the
organization which also make he operation of the marketing team feasible. Thee process of
marketing involves identifying specific market system, purchasing of motivation function,
function of product adjustment, distribution of physical, communication, transaction, post-
transaction function.
Product: These sub-system is engaged with providing information regarding the design of
the product. The main decisions are taken by the manufacturing system (Hollnagel, 2017).
Human resource: The function of the human resource information system is planning for the
man power, staffing, development and training of the employees, evaluation of the
performance, activities of the separation.
The main drawbacks of such system are that every sub-system communicate
according to their concern. There can be mishandling of the issues due to miscommunication
between the members of the teams. These can create problems if they separately handle every
decisions without consulting with the other functional areas.
3. What is an enterprise information system? How do these systems differ from
functional systems? What is their value to organization?

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Enterprise social networking refers to the process that mainly focuses on using the different
social networking tools to share business ideas and communication among the employees of
the organization n a personal level. These also includes the facility of introducing the
software of enterprise that will be useful for providing information to the employee (Romero
& Vernadat, 2016).
The difference between the enterprise social networking and functional system is that
enterprise social networking enhance the communication between different group of the
organization and functional system allow the organization to divide and function as different
part. Enterprise social networking include the use of various social networking application
that can enhance the communication within the team members. Enterprise brings the
visibility of the services that are provide by the organization and functional system allow the
organization to perform all the operation by dividing them into groups. Enterprise social
networking help the organization to enhance the collaboration among the employees. The use
of new technologies are added in the enterprise social networking (Maskell, Baggaley &
Grasso, 2016).
Enterprise social networking within an organization help to avoid the clutter of mails
that need to be managed by the organization. These can be avoided by enterprise social
networking as the communication can be done within the employees by the social networking
sites. These can also have a good impact on the culture of the organization. The
communication among the employees will be supported that can add up to building good
relationships within the employees. Enterprise social networking will help to increase the
work flow and thus add to the increase in the growth of the organization.
4. Explain the difference between the functional view and process view of
Organizations. Why is the process view important today?
Functional view Process view
The complex system is break down to make the The process view do not break down the

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processes in the organization simple. functions rather it engaged with the concept by
which a particular product is developed.
The company is divided into subsystem that
includes sales, finance, production and many
more.
It interrelate the different process that are taking
place within the organization to reach a particular
outcome.
They make a big system into a smaller system
that are specialized in that particular field and are
easy to manage.
The processes are handled by the creation and
understanding of the certain processes and the
interaction between them.
The actions that are taking place mainly focused
on the function of the departments and the
benefits of the organization.
The process is a common way of improving the
organizational performance which also enhance
the position of the organization (Rahim, 2017).
The process view is important because it put its focus on the important process of the
organization that includes integration, aligning, and the processes of linking. These also help
in achieving the long time goals of the organization. These type of view mainly deals with the
improvement effectiveness and the efficiency of the services, products and take care of the
customers (Ungan, Nedelko & Potočan, 2015). It also help in the promotion of the
transparent and smooth flow of the organization. The view approach also treat the processes
as a important assets. It also empower and facilitates the employees of the organization.
5. Within the procurement process what is a three way match used for? What is used to
complete the match?
The three-way matching is mainly used for a procurement process to verify the payment by
an individual during a payment process. The three ways includes matching of the invoice of
the vendor that is received from a supplier that contain information about the organization’s
order purchase (Burke, 2017). Many other participant are involved in the verification in the
supply chain and it is a very important task as it is the last stage of procurement process

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(Damelio, 2016). It is the last block in the road of completing a transaction and is very
important operation for the organization. These process is a very important stage of the
process of procurement as it ensure the delivery of the goods. There are several benefits of
the three way match process that includes saving the money of the business, ensuring the
relationship with the vendor, it also involves in preparing the audits for the business.
There are three steps to complete the process which includes, purchasing the order
that is confirming officially that the order is purchased which is the first step. The next step
includes providing the receipts of the orders that is use a proof of the payment and delivery
of the product. The last step includes invoices that is a request for a payment for the purchase
that is made (Stiglbauer, 2017).
6. Explain the difference between a Bill of Material and Product Routing?
Bill of a material Product routing
The process of settling the module of a product
in an enterprise resource planning is done by
taking Bill of material as the platform..
The aim of this routing a product includes the
task that are important for manufacturing an
item, identifying the work centers, work carried
out on those work centers.
It is used for the purpose of production as well
as planning.
It performs a specific task that are performed
within the work centers.
In the process of the manufacturing of a product
there are various phases or operational levels
and all of the materials that is the requirement
at each phase.
In the process of manufacturing there are various
task that are needed to be performed are
determined by the process of product routing.
Billing of the material includes billing for the
materials required for the production and
defining the material bills of the planning.
Routing products include maintainingtask
relationship in the wok center and a series of
routing step.
The main aim of billing of material is to define These involve finding the requirements for

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the structure of the product (Hussein & Davis,
2018).
creating the module of the product.
7. Identify some of the key problems associated with the manual, or paper-based,
business process. How does an enterprise system eliminate or reduce the impact of
these problems.
There are many problems that are incorporated to the manual and paper based processes in
the work place. The paper based business process can decrease the productivity of the
organization. The prioritizing the process by which work is done and the inefficiencies that
are related to a business process done by manually (Yang et al., 2017). The organization faces
problems in finding the document as there is a requirement of accessing physically the data.
There is also a problem is moving the data between different subsystem of the organization.
The organization can face several issues by loosing the important documents that are present
in the organization. The papers of the organization can be mixes in a pie of documents or can
be misplaced. The information can e lost and maintain duplicate copies of the same document
can waste storage space.
The system of the enterprise can introduce digitalization. These will also help in
accessing the data. Digital storage of the data will help to find the required data in a short
interval of time. duplicate data will not require extra space and lost data can be recovered
quickly. Passing the data within the organization will not include physically moving from one
place to the other. The time wasted in shifting the data from one place in the organization to
the other can be reduced. These will allow the enterprise for fast and instant wok and thus
help to enhance its position (Alles et al., 2018). The processes that need to be digitized
within an organization includes purchasing of the orders, on boarding of the employees,

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approval of the context, safety , preparation of the audits, use of paper for data entry and
many more.
8. Explain the difference between a Made to Order and Made to Stock strategy. What
are the perceived advantages and disadvantages of each approach?
Made to order Made to stock
Enterprise resource planning need to
have a very strong and intelligent connection
related to the module of the sales and module of
the production process.
There is a need of the existence of a strong
capacity of statistics to give a support to the
process of sales forecasting.
To keep to keep the customers updated about the
order progress the monitoring of the production
of the individual need to be there.
There is a transformation of the forecasting of the
sales to planning of the production.
To meet the demands of the sale there is a need
of feasible order processing inn the enterprise
resource planning.
A good step that is taken for increasing the
effectiveness that is allowed by make-to-stock
that lead to even spreading of the production.
The risk that is associated with inefficiency and
wastage need to be reduced Uhlmann et al.,
2016).
In this strategy there is a need of adjustment of
flexibility that will come in the sudden changes in
the circumstances of the market (Elmehanny et
al., 2018).
9. What impact has globalization had on an organization? How do they respond?
There are several impacts of globalization in an organization that are as follows:
1. These help the organization to expands it market internationally and also allow long
market growth. The product and the services that are offered by the organization can
be accepted globally (Maheut Rey & Garcia-Sabater, 2015).

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2. These also allow free flow of the labors and also enables the organization to recruit
the talents from all over the world,
3. The infrastructure of the organization can be improved by globalization. To increase
its trade internationally the organization have improved their infrastructure. The
organizations are also ensuring safe and secure transport of product throughout the
globe.
4. However the globalization can also have negative impact on the environment. It can
also result in the environmental degradation (tman, 2018).
5. When the organization relocate their position to other countries these result in
unemployment of many employees as they do not wish to shift from their existing
position.
The organization enjoys the competitive advantages that they are getting from the
globalization. It also allow the organization to get a better market position and also
enhancing their position in the market. The organizations are able to increase their
productivity. They enjoy the advantages that they are getting from the globalization.
However they try to eliminate the negative consequences that arises. They try to take
the steps that do not have any harm to the environment and also tries to eliminate the
unemployment (Spruit & Pietzka, 2015).
10. What does it mean when it is said that a product may have several views? What is
view and what are they used?
There are several views of a product. Saying these means that when an order is placed the
first thing that took place that is the data is transferred to the process of procurement. During
the process of procurement the thing that is done first is checking the product availability in
the master data. Master data is the place where all the information about all the product are
present (Croucher, 2018). The process of production also get verified from the master data.

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These is done to check that the vendor can give the same product that is been asked. At the
last stage that is the fulfillment process there will be a verification of the product from the
same source that is the master source. They are used to keep a track on the product. The
process that took place while a request of the product is made. It I used to verify the customer
about the availability of the product so that they can move forward with the confirmation and
the delivery of the product (Eriksen, 2018).
11. In the SAP environment, explain the difference between Organizational, Master
andTransactional data? Provide examples.
Organizational data Master data Transactional data
These type of data is determined
in the transaction process of a
business that will be
independent of the sales of the
organization, channel of the
distribution, and the different
attributes of different divisions
that are stored (Axelsson &
Easton, 2016).
These data cannot be changed
very often and is always need to
be exist in the same way in the
business.
These type of data is generated
when a transaction is done by
the customers or the vendors for
purchasing a material.
These data are the information
about the organization that are
taking place in the organization
(Yusuf, 2016).
These type of data keep on
changing in accordance to the
activities that are carried out in
the business.
These data are represented by
the sale, purchasing, delivering
product (Axelsson & Easton,
2016).
The organizational data that are
used for the transaction purpose
is determined at a harder level.
They are not determined at a
harder level
They are determined in a simple
level.
They are from the accounting, Examples of the master data Examples of transaction data

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sales, purchasing, warehouse
and many more department
includes codes of the company,
vendors, customers, materials
and many more.
includes purchasing of the
orders, sales of the orders,
receipts for goods, invoices and
many more
12. Explain the four common material types in an ERP System.
Different categories in which materials types are divided that are based on the procedure by
which they are used. These is engaged in deciding that which material type is engaged with
the deciding the business process that can be used for a particular material. It help to decide
an appropriate process for the materials. The four common material type n an Enterprise
resource planning are:
Raw materials (ROH): These are the materials that are purchased from the vendors and these
are not directly sell to the customers or to end consumers. The raw materials are the product
that are used for producing the end product. Some examples are tires, tubes, wheels and many
more.
Goods that are semi finished (HAB): they includes the products that mainly manufactured
from the raw material. They are not the finished goods and are one step backward from the
finished products. The best example for these is assemblies for front wheels.
Finished goods(FERT): These are the final products that are manufactured complete product
from the raw materials provided and the other materials that are required for making the
finished product. These are ready to sell to the customer. The examples of such finished
product is bicycle (Akhtar, 2016).
Trading goods (HAWA): These are very much similar to the raw materials that are used and
these are brought from the vendors. But the dissimilarities is that are sold to the customers
that are already purchased.

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There is no additional reselling that is being performed . The shop owner buy these products
and then sell it to other customers by making some profit. One of the example of the material
type is helmet (Meyr, Wagner & Rohde, 2015).
All these are the materials type during the manufacturing of a final product. After all these
steps the finished product is available to sell in the market. These steps are very essential for
the producing the finished product.

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