Business Data Analysis and Interpretation

This report provides an analysis of the workforce at JCU and its campuses, focusing on factors influencing gender neutrality. It includes tables, descriptive statistics, correlations, and visualizations to present the findings. The report also explores the average salary, length of employment, level of education, and mode of transport used by the staff. Find comprehensive study material and solutions to assignments on Business Data Analysis and Interpretation at Desklib.

Running head : BUSINESS DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Business data analysis and interpretation
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author’s note

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
The Body.........................................................................................................................................2
Answer 1......................................................................................................................................2
Answer 2......................................................................................................................................2
Answer 3......................................................................................................................................3
Answer 4......................................................................................................................................5
Answer 5......................................................................................................................................5
Answer 6......................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................7
Recommendation.............................................................................................................................7
References........................................................................................................................................7
Appendix..........................................................................................................................................7

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Introduction
We have investigated the workforce at JCU and its three campuses. Herein, we present
the report on the environment of the campuses and various factors influencing gender neutrality.
The Body
Answer 1
Table 1: Type of Variable
Variable Type of Variable
Location Categorical Variable
Gender Nominal Variable
Academic Division / discipline area Categorical Variable
Age Continuous numerical variables
Education ordinal Variable
Salary Continuous numerical variables
Length of employment ordinal Variable
Employment type Nominal Variable
Country of residence Categorical Variable
Citizenship status Nominal Variable
Job role Nominal Variable
Mode of transport to work Nominal Variable
The study of the variables shows that Age and Salary and Numerical Variables. From the
information at hand we find that gender, employment type, citizenship status, job role and mode
of transport being nominal variables. The variables Location, Academic Division and Country of
residence are categorical variables.
Answer 2
Initially we present the descriptive statistics for Age. From the statistics it is found that
the average age of the workforce at JCU is 47.4 (Anderson et al., 2017). The average age is
highest for SG campus, followed by CSN and TSVL campuses. Further, it is found that deviation

3BUSINESS DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
in age is highest for SG campus and is the least for TSVL campus. Moreover, from the analysis it
is found that the average age for the middle 50% of the workforce is the highest at SG campus at
25. The average age for the middle 50% is least at TSVL campus at 20.75. The relative variation
in age at the three campuses ranges from 0.27 (for TSVL) to 0.30 (for SG).
Table 2: Descriptive Statistics for Age
Statistics All CSN SG TSVL
Mean 47.4 47.3 47.8 47.2
Standard Error 0.9 1.7 2.1 1.3
Median 47.5 48 47 47.5
Mode 54 54 29 31
Standard Deviation 13.39 13.87 14.12 12.80
Sample Variance 179.32 192.50 199.24 163.91
Kurtosis -1.22 -1.24 -1.40 -1.14
Skewness -0.08 -0.17 -0.01 -0.04
Range 45 45 44 43
Minimum 25 25 26 25
Maximum 70 70 70 68
Sum 9478 3075 2152 4251
Count 200 65 45 90
1st Quartile 35.75 36 36 35.25
3rd Quartile 59 59 61 56
IQR 23.25 23 25 20.75
CV 0.28 0.29 0.3 0.27

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Table 3: Descriptive Statistics for Salary
Statistics All CSN SG TSVL
Mean 107.27 110.88 105.71 105.44
Standard Error 2.76 4.80 5.87 4.16
Median 110.50 116 111 106.5
Mode 144 144 48 137
Standard Deviation 39.05 38.69 39.35 39.43
Sample Variance 1525.20 1496.55 1548.26 1554.59
Kurtosis -1.32 -1.31 -1.32 -1.37
Skewness -0.13 -0.17 -0.12 -0.12
Range 130 130 126 129
Minimum 40 40 42 40
Maximum 170 170 168 169
Sum 21454 7207 4757 9490
Count 200 65 45 90
1st Quartile 73.5 80 69 69.25
3rd Quartile 144 144 144 140.75
IQR 70.5 64 75 71.5
CV 0.36 0.35 0.37 0.37
The average salary at JCU is $107.27 ('000) with a standard deviation of 39.05. The average
salary is the least at TSVL campus (105.44 thousand dollars) and highest at Cairns campus
(110.88 thousand dollars). The variability in average salary is similar at both SG and TSVL
campus (0.37). However, the variability is less at Cairns campus. Moreover, the standard
deviation in salary at Cairns is the least at 38.69. The standard deviation in salary is highest at
TSVL campus.
Answer 3
Table 4: Correlation between Age and Salary
Location Correlation
All 0.1713
CSN -0.0282
SG 0.2099
TSVL 0.3046

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The correlation between salary and age is very poor for the workforce (0.1713).
However, when individual campuses are investigated it is found that there is very poor negative
correlation (-0.0282) between salary and age at Cairns campus. At TSVL campus there is a poor
correlation (0.3046) between age and salary (Black, 2016).
Figure 1: Relation of Age to Salary (JCU)
Figure 2: Relation of Age to Salary (CSN)

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Figure 3: Relation of Age to Salary (SG)
Figure 4: Relation of Age to Salary (TSVL)

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Answer 4
Part a
Table 5: Average Salary of Workforce
Gender All CSN SG TSVL
Female 104.02 113.72 98.50 99.53
Male 109.82 108.58 109.69 110.85
The analysis of average salary at JCU depicts that males (109.82) have a higher average
salary than females (104.02). However, at CSN campus females (113.72) receive a higher
average salary than their male counterparts (108.58). On the other hand, at both SG and TSVL
campuses the average salary of males is higher than females (Alexander et al., 2019).
Part b
Table 6: Gender and Length of Employment
Location Gender A B C D Total
Female 2.27% 46.59% 20.45% 30.68% 100%
Male 1.79% 40.18% 23.21% 34.82% 100%
Female 3.45% 34.48% 24.14% 37.93% 100%
Male 5.56% 44.44% 16.67% 33.33% 100%
Female 0.00% 50.00% 6.25% 43.75% 100%
Male 0.00% 48.28% 17.24% 34.48% 100%
Female 2.33% 53.49% 23.26% 20.93% 100%
Male 0.00% 31.91% 31.91% 36.17% 100%
All
CSN
SG
TSVL
We have further studied the length of employment of the workforce in relation to gender.
We find that the percentage of females with less than or equal to 6 years in employment is higher
than males for all of JCU. However, when it comes to more than 6 years of employment the
percentage of males is higher than females.

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We further studied individual campuses. At Cairns campus it is observed that the
percentage of females with more than 6 years of employment is higher than their male
counterparts. Contrarily the percentage of males is higher with less than 6 years of employment
at Cairns campus.
At TSVL campus the percentage of females with less than 6 years of employment is
higher than males. On the other hand, for more than 6 years of employment the percentage of
males is higher.
At SG campus there are no employees with less than 3 years of employment. However,
the percentage of females in the workforce with more than 10 years and between 3 and 6 years is
higher than their male counterparts (Carlberg, 2018).
Part c
Table 7: Gender and Level of Education
Location Gender
Post-secondary
level
Bachelop's or
equivalent level
Master's or
equivalent level
Doctoral or
equivalent level
Total
Female 18.18% 10.23% 37.50% 34.09% 100.00%
Male 9.82% 18.75% 37.50% 33.93% 100.00%
Female 17.24% 13.79% 31.03% 37.93% 100.00%
Male 8.33% 19.44% 44.44% 27.78% 100.00%
Female 31.25% 12.50% 25.00% 31.25% 100.00%
Male 10.34% 24.14% 34.48% 31.03% 100.00%
Female 13.95% 6.98% 46.51% 32.56% 100.00%
Male 10.64% 14.89% 34.04% 40.43% 100.00%
All
CSN
SG
TSVL
The investigation into the level of education based on gender shows that for all of JCU
the percentage of males and females is equal for Master's or equivalent. On the other hand, the
percentage of females is higher than males with doctoral or similar levels.

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Moreover, it is found that at all the three campuses the percentage of females with Post-
secondary level of education is higher than males. However, the percentage of males in the
workforce is higher than females with Bachelor's level.
Further, it is found that at TSVL campus there are more females than males with master's
level. Contrarily at CSN and SG the percentage of females is higher than males.
When it comes to doctoral degrees Females form the bulk of the workforce at both CSN
and SG campus. Whereas, males have a higher workforce than females at TSVL campus.
Answer 5
Part a
Figure 5: Relation of Age to Average Salary

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Part b
Figure 6: Relation of Gender and Length of Employment
Part c
Figure 7: Relation of Gender and Level of Education

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Answer 6
We finally investigate the mode of transport used by the staff of JCU. The study shows
that car is the most preferred mode of transport by the staff (table no ). However, it is also found
that the staff at Cairns prefer to use Bike, Bus or Foot as the preferred mode of transport. The
total staff at Singapore uses car as the means of transport. In addition, the staff at Townville use
either Bus or Car.
Mode of Transport All CSN SG TSVL
Bike 29 29 0 0
Bus 31 21 0 10
Car 125 0 45 80
Foot 15 15 0 0
Figure 8: Modes of Transport of the Workforce

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Figure 9: Modes of Transport of the Workforce at different campuses
Conclusion
The investigation into the age of the workforce showed that the average age is similar at
all the campuses. However, there was a small deviation in the average age of the workforce at
different campuses. However, there is a wide variation in average salary. The average salary at
CSN campus is higher than both SG and TSVL campuses. The deviation in salary for all the
three campuses is small. Moreover, there is a disparity is salary when it comes to different
campuses and Gender. Average salary at CSN campus for females than not only their male
counterparts but SG and TSVL campuses also.
Further, it is found that there is poor correlation between age and salary at all the three
campuses and JCU as a whole.
We also find that at different campuses there is a wide disparity in gender and level of
education and length of employment. From the study of the modes of transport it is found that

13BUSINESS DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
the staff is either environmental friendly or health conscious. On the other hand, staff at
Singapore are not at all environ friendly.
Recommendation
From the above analysis it can be recommended that VC should look into the average
salary of the workforce which shows a wide variation between the campuses. In addition, VC
can advise the workforce on the mode of transport being used by the workforce. He should
encourage the use of Bike, Bus or Foot which are more environment friendly rather than car.

14BUSINESS DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
References
Anderson, D. R., Sweeney, D. J., & Williams, T. A. (2017). Essentials of statistics for business
and economics, 8th Ed. Cengage Learning.
Black, K. (2016). Business statistics: for contemporary decision making, 9th Ed. John Wiley &
Sons.
Alexander, M., Kusleika, R., & Walkenbach, J. (2018). Excel 2019 bible. John Wiley & Sons.
Carlberg, C. (2018). Business Analysis with Microsoft Excel. 5th Ed. Que Publishing