Farm Business Decision Making Analysis

This assignment delves into the complexities of business decision-making within the agricultural sector. It utilizes various analytical tools such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and statistical measures to evaluate investment opportunities and manage farm operations. The case study explores concepts like financial risk assessment, project planning using Gantt charts, and the application of quantitative methods to inform strategic choices in a dynamic farming environment.

BUSINESS DECISION
MAKING

INTRODUCTION
Business decision making is crucial for adequate planning and forecasting for further
years ' operations and improving services of entity. In this regard, different tools are used for
identifying organisation's performance and preparing strategies to allocate resources and funds
adequately. This report is based on understanding significance of decision making for UKCBC- a
college entity of UK. It provides different courses and facilities to college students belonging to
various countries worldwide. In this regard, students' satisfaction level with services of
organisation as well presentation on findings are to be described. However, various decision-
making aspects can be understood for improving services and entity's effectiveness through this
assignment. In addition to this, investment appraisal techniques for adequate decisions and
investment plans is expressed. Thus, learners are able to understand usefulness of business
decision making for UKCBC through this report.
TASK 1
1.1 Data collection survey
Data is to be collected from across the campuses of UKCBC colleges on demand for a
survey on student of the colleges. Collection of data will be arranged in two core ways, primary
collection method and secondary collection method (Craft, 2013). Primary collection of data will
be done through distribution of questionnaires among the students of four UKCBC campuses,
Wentworth House Campus, Cricklewood campus, Lords House campus, Holborn campus. A
sample of 50 students is required for the survey. Secondary data collection will be done through
scripting of information present in books, journals and articles.
Research and analysis Details of research and analysis
Primary data collection Primary data is to be collected via questionnaire from a sample size of 20
across all UKCBC campuses.
Analysis of primary
data
Information collected through survey analysed for report preparation.
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Secondary data
collection
Secondary data gathered from various sources, such as books, journals
and articles.
Analysis of secondary
data
Data collected from research analysed.
Report preparation Report preparation on the basis of information obtained from the primary
and secondary sources of data.
Data collected from secondary sources provide a broader view of the survey but is old
and cannot be trusted completely, whereas the primary data spots on the current trend of the
students in the UKCBC college campuses (García and Conde, 2014). Primary data is collected
by a precise way of questionnaire filled by the students but it may also contain biased views by
individuals of similar category on a particular branch of information.
1.2 Survey methodology and sampling framework
A survey can be organised by many methods. These methods of survey include
questionnaire distribution, interview, observation etc. Primary motive of this survey is collection
of data by distribution of questionnaire among the students of UKCBC colleges (Ginevičius and
Podviezko, 2013).
Sampling frame:
 Simple random sampling: Simple random sampling method is the simplest method of
sampling. Under this method of sampling questionnaires are distributed between
individuals with a random algorithm, completely dependent on the biased behaviour of
the distributor. This method is helpful when information is unspecific in nature (Gu and
et.al., 2013).
 Cluster sampling: This method of sampling needs a discrete distribution on the basis of
geographical factors of an area. Samples are obtained out of these geographical
distributions. This method of sampling is of use when survey is to be on a specific area.
 Quota sampling: Under this method of sampling the population is divided into different
quotas, samples are obtained from created quota (Hill and et.al., 2013).
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 Stratified sampling: This method of sampling is carried out by division of the entire
population into fragments on the basis of demographic factors. Units of sample are
obtained from the created fragments.
The research study needs a sampling strategy with discreet choosing of units of samples
from the population. The most suited method for the survey is stratified method (Malik, Awais
and Khursheed, 2016). The entire population of the UKCBC college campuses will be divided
into fragments, and units of sample will be obtained from the fragments created.
1.3 Questionnaire for conducting survey
Questionnaire is a set of questions regarding operations of the organisation to analyse its
position is distributed to respondents. Through this process, different ideas are generated for
better quality services and improving efficiencies of the organisation. In this regard, researcher
prepares questionnaire related to questions of services provided by entity in different
prospective. However, information as satisfaction level of students can be gathered by which
further decisions canbe taken more effectively (Marshall and et.al., 2016). For conducting
survey, analyst selects 50 students belonged to different campuses of the college from different
branches such as arts, commerce and science. However, questionnaire for asking questions is
prepared as:
Name:
Campus belonged to: Arts/Commerce/ Science
Q.1 In which of the following age group you belonge to?
 18 or under
 19-25
 26-30
 31-50
 Over 50
Q.2 What is your ethnic group?
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 White
 African black
 Chinese
 Asian
 Other
Q.3 In which year group, you are studying at UKCBC?
 1st Year
 2nd Year
Q.4 What course are you studying?
 IT
 Business
 Tourism
 History
 Accounting
 Law
Q.5 Are you satisfied with your UKCBC admin offices?
 Not satisfied
 SatisfiedHighly satisfied
Q.6 How would you describe your relationship with your teacher?
 No relationship
 Fair
 Good
 Very good relationship
Q.7 How about UKCBC hygiene facilities? Unhygienic
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 Fair
 Good
 Very hygienic
Q.8 Why have you chosen UKCBC?
 Close to my house
 Good ranking
 They offer the course I like to study
 They have good facilities in place
 Recommended by someone else
 Random
Q.9 How likely you would recommend UKCBC to others?
 Not likely
 Likely
 Very likely
Q.10 How cooperative the customer service/receptions are?
 Non CooperativeModerately cooperative
 Highly cooperative
Q.11 How far do you have to travel to UKCBC?
 Very far
 Far
 Close
Q.12 Do you have social events planned by UKCBC as student group?
 No
 Sometimes
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 Very often
Any suggestion of improving facilities of UKCBC................
TASK 2
2.1 Summarisation of collected data from survey
Collected data is evaluated by using statistical tools as mean, median and mode.
However, overall data is determined on average basis for decision making regarding further
activities (Moonen and et.al., 2013). These tools can be summarised as below:
Mean: It is average of overall collected data which is evaluated as division of sum total
of collected data to number of respondents who participated in survey (Morris and Shin, 2016). It
is easy and convenient method for estimation and further decisions for organisation's
effectiveness. For calculating mean, following formula is used:
Here, sigma denotes summation of overall collected data
x refers to respond/selected rank by respondents of UKCBC
And, N= total number of respondents
Median: It is considered as central value of the collected data from survey. On the basis
of determining this mid value, shows market position and overall estimation for further years'
operations. However, if total number of respondents are odd then used formula is:
6
Illustration 1:
Formula used for
calculating mean

In case of number of respondent are of even then following formula is used to calculate
median as:
Here, n denotes to total number of respondents who participated in survey.
Mode: For evaluating mode of collected data, majority of response is considered as
estimation for identifying actual position of entity and its services (Noguera and Pert, 2015). In
this way, gained responds at highest level are set as result by which further strategies are
implemented as well decisions are made for further operations. Therefore, calculating mode is
essential for data estimation from collected data and providing satisfaction to respondents at
higher level by fulfilling their requirements.
2.2 Survey result
1) Satisfaction level of students
Mean 6.14
Median 6
Mode 5
For analysing satisfaction of students from different campuses and courses, it is
interpreted rank on overall services of UKCBC is quite satisfied. However, average on collected
7
Illustration 2: Median for even number of
respondents
Illustration 3: Formula for calculating median for odd
number respondents

data is evaluated as 6.14 which can be increased by improving its facilities in other ways. In
this regard, median of the collected data obtained is 6 as well mode or repeated ranking on
satisfaction with college entity's facilities is 5. Overall, satisfaction level of students with
facilities of entity is adequate which can larger by fulfilling their requirements effectively for
longer time sustainability.
2) Teaching services of UKCBC
Mean 5.82
Median 6
Mode 5
Through conducting survey, respondents' views on teaching services of UKCBC is
identified. However, it is determined that average of collected data is 5.89, its median is 6 and
mode as frequent response on faculties' teaching services is 5 Through calculated estimates, it is
recognised that ranking on teaching services is favourable of college entity
3) Environment of the college entity
Mean 6.2
Median 6
Mode 8
For getting students' views on environment of UKCBC, it is identified that atmosphere of
the entity is positive and in accordance to students' physical and mental development. In this
regard, mode of the collected data is estimated as 8 which is quite high and also impa cts on its
efficiency. It shows effective satisfaction of respondents that encourages them to recommend
their familiars for taking admissions for college courses on large scale. Thus, as estimation,
entity's environment is effective and positive which is helpful for improving learning abilities of
students efficiently.
4) Satisfaction with UKCBC admin offices
Mean 5.28
Median 5
Mode 5
8

In this interpretation, it is evaluated that average of collected data is 5.28, median and
mode are of same value as 5. Thus, students are satisfied effectively with management of student
union and team's proper management.
5) Additional curriculum activities for students' development
Mean 5.62
Median 5
Mode 5
UKCBC organises development programs for students' development such as; games and
sport events, cultural events, seminars and others. In this way, estimation on collected data is
determined as 5.62 and median as well mode is estimated as 5. Thus, respondents are attracted
towards activities of the organisation which is helpful for development and creating healthy
environment of the college entity.
2.3 Data analysis using dispersion (Standard deviation)
Dispersion of collected data is an estimation in which distribution is squeezed regarding
proper estimations. In this regard, different tools are used for determining dispersion as: standard
deviation, variance, interquartile range and so on (Ruff and Pert, 2013). However, it is of
different kinds as; finance, statistical etc. As for this measurement, standard deviation and
variances of collected data regarding students' satisfaction level with services of college entity is
evaluated as:
Table 1: Standard deviation of collected data from survey
Mean Variance
Standard
deviation
Q1 6.04 4.36 2.089
Q2 6.10 4.08 2.021
Q3 6.22 4.16 2.040
Q4 6.22 4.18 2.045
Q5 6.21 4.51 2.125
Standard deviation: It is determined to evaluate difference between actual and standard
value of the collected data. For calculating standard deviation, following formula is used as:
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Here, x represents total responds on questions
x (bar) is for mean of the collected data
n refers to total number of respondents who participated in survey.
Interpretation: For estimating standard deviation regarding satisfaction level with
services provided by UKCBC. Through this interpretation, it is evaluated that standard deviation
of collected data is about 2 which is normal and can be filled efficiently by implementing
strategies effectively. Thus, deviation between the variable can recover that affects services of
college entity and further implementations.
Variance: It is square of standard deviation which shows difference between values by
which different ideas are generated to bridge the gap and improving the services (Salama and
Collins, 2013).
2.4 Quartiles and correlation coefficient
Quartile is a process to segregate all collected data into three parts as Q1, Q2 and Q3
which evaluates at 25%, 50% and 75%. However, quartiles for data collection regarding students'
views on services of UKCBC, al data are segregated as below:
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 A5
Q1 5 4.25 5 4 5
Q2 6 6 6.1 5 5
Q3 8 8 8 6 7
10
Illustration 4: Standard deviation
measurement

Overall estimated data as of three quartiles is about 6 and 7 which is effective and
positive for the organisation. However, quartile at 75% of the collected data is the highest which
can be maintained and improved in further years for increasing students' satisfaction level at
higher level.
TASK 3
3.1 Graphical presentation
Thematic analysis
Theme 1: Students belonged to ethnic group
White 20
African black 10
Chinese 7
Asian 10
Other 3
Total number of
students 50
11
White African black Chinese Asian Other
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Column B

Interpretation: Researcher asks to selected respondents about their ethnic group as
white, African black, Chinese, Asian and others. It is interpreted that students who belonged to
white group are largest who participated in survey for expressing their views on services
provided by UKCBC. Therefore, students of white group are 20 out 50 who were interested in
survey and sharing ideas regarding facilities of the college entity.
Theme 2: Satisfaction level of students
Not satisfied 10
Satisfied 30
Very satisfied 10
Total number of
students 50
12

Interpretation: It is interpreted that out of overall respondents, 30 are satisfied with
services provided by UKCBC. In addition to this, they also express their views that
organisation's teaching services and environment is also attractive that encourage them to
recommend their familiars for taking admissions for courses provided by organisation. In
addition to this, 10 out of 50 are highly satisfied with its facilities that shows good standard of
quality services.
Theme 3: Year group of respondents who participated in survey
1st Year 20
2nd Year 30
Total number of
students 50
13
Not satisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Column B

Interpretation: For identifying year course of students, it is evaluated that respondents
belonged to 2nd year are greater than 1st year. However, variety of opinions are collected
regarding their satisfaction level with facilities of UKCBC. On the basis of which, further ideas
can be generated for improving services and increasing satisfaction level of students at higher
level.
Theme 4: Students belonged to course/ section
IT 10
Business 7
Tourism 8
History 12
Accounting 5
Law 8
Total number of
students 50
14
20
30
1st Year
2nd Year

Interpretation: It is analysed that students belonged to history course participated in the
survey at most level. However, 12 out of 50 are from history background who expressed their
views on large scale. Therefore, different students who belong to various courses present their
opinions on faculties of the entity.
Theme 5: Hygiene facilities of UKCBC
Unhygienic 5
Fair 10
Good 20
Very hygienic 15
Total number of
students 50
15
IT
Business
Tourism
History
Accounting
Law
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Column B

Interpretation: For analysing this facility, positive outcomes on hygiene facilities are
obtained regarding services of UKCBC. It is interpreted that 20 out of 50 responded that college
entity has achieved good satisfaction of students in context to hygiene facilities. However, they
express their views that environment and cleanliness of the organisation is quite effective and
positive that emerges positive feelings among them. Including this, it is helpful for students'
development physically and mentally . Thus, positive results are gained towards hygiene
services of entity and its effectiveness sufficiently.
Theme 6: Students' views on customer services/reception
Non-Cooperative 10
Moderately cooperative 20
Highly cooperative 20
Total number of 50
16
Not hygiene Fair Good Very good
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Column B

students
Interpretation: Through this research, students' views on behaviour and treating with
customer service is evaluated. By which, it is interpreted that receptionist deals with all students,
faculties and others in very well-mannered and kindly. However, overall 40 out of 50
respondents are agreed with good natured receptionist of the entity. It shows effective
environment and efficiency of college that attracts applicants also who come for taking
admission in the organisation. Thus, it is recognised that students are satisfied with customer
service that is effective for increasing its efficiency for longer time period sustainability.
3.2 Trend line method for forecasting
On the basis of actual position of entity, forecasting for further operations and better-
quality services. In this regard, analyser present trend line which shows current position of
UKCBC regarding students' satisfaction level with services of entity for estimation on further
operations. However, presentation and interpretation of trend line for the college entity is to be
presented as below:
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Not friendly
Friendly
Very kind
0 5 10 15 20 25
Column B

Table 2: Analysis of maximum and minimum range on students' views
Maximum
range
Minimum
range
Q1 9 2
Q2 9 1
Q3 9 2
Q4 9 1
Q5 9 1
Interpretation: It is interpreted that students are satisfied with services provided by
UKCBC entirely. In order to this, maximum range of rank on satisfaction is evaluated as 9 out of
10 which shows good efficiency of entity. On this basis, it can be forecasted that in future time
period, this rate of satisfaction can be increased at higher level.
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1 2 3 4 5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9 9 9 9 9
Column B
Column C

3.3 PowerPoint presentation on findings
Enclosed in attached ppt.
3.4 Report on survey and collected data
Student Representative Committee
UKCBC
Student union of UKCBC conducted survey with students belonged to different
campuses of the entity. For this survey, he selects 50 respondents and asked questions related to
services provided by college entity for analysing their satisfaction level with its services.
However, various opinions are evaluated that generate different ideas for further operations and
implementation of entity. In this survey, researcher different questions related to teaching
services, environment, additional activities for development of students. Through this survey,
positive outcomes are obtained as students are attracted and satisfied with its services on this
basis further development is possible. Moreover, it can be forecast that efficiency of entity can
be enhanced that affect further activities and increasing in applicants for its courses at higher
level for longer time period.
TASK 4
4.1 Information processing tools
The information system is an arrangement of people, machines, ideas and other activities
collect and process data in such a way sahre information requirement of the organisation for
decision making process. MIS (Management information system) :- It provides the management oriented report
based on processing and operating of and organisation (Sutherland and Holstead, 2014).
MIS is not new; . number of student seeking admission indifferent stream, the growth
pattern of students in each discipline, the job demands for business and industry, number
of other institution offering similar courses, and number of students are seeking
admission outside the country for same type of courses, the reasons for the preference to
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this institution. Such aspects help the authority to design the courses according to the
demand in the market. DSS (Decision support system):- It is a type of computerized information system that
support business and organisation’s decision making activities. It serves the management
(Uechi and et.al., 2015).. DSS help UKCBC in planning with the help of DSS, it is easy
to make strategy of college about the admission, counselling, majority of cast etc. it
processes decision making, increasing organisation control, speeding up problem solving
in an organisation managerial process, improving personal efficiency.
 TPS (Transaction processing system): - In this system,data is collected stored,
modified, and retrievedany institution. It helps to fulfill the needs of students. It also
collect the knowledge related to expenses of college like, furniture purchase and all
expenses which are made for infrastructure facility (Zsambok and Klein, 2014).
4.2 Project plan and activities
In the business decision making, a systematic planning is very important by which each
activity can organise and understand effectively . A well-structured and systematic planning
process can implement by the effective organisation efforts. While manager effectively
understands the requirement of the company and design in well manner then it becomes easy to
create systematic planning for the future processing (Morris and Shin, 2016). In this manner,
company design a proper action plan and implement in appropriate manner. In this procedure,
company prepare a systematic plan including forecasting and decision making for its application
with aid of critical path and network diagram which are discussed below-
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Gantt chart: Gantt chart is one of the most effective tool in the business decision and
planning process in the organisation. It is a kind of the bar chart which represent the illustrate a
project schedule. In this chart, each activity of the business process is systematically addressed
by which an individual can take the future decision. This chart represents the starting and ending
time of the activity and also shows the date of terminal elements and also delivers a systematic
summary of the project components (Sutherland and Holstead, 2014). It is applied in order to
represent the existing schedule by suing percent complete shading and vertical line. In a simple
word, it can be said that in order to plan and design the schedule of each activity within the
business, mentioned chart plays a very important role by which individual can easily plan the
activity and organise it accordingly. With help of this tool, researcher can able to organise the
task and activities according to the definite time period.
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Illustration 5: Gantt chart
Network Diagram- This tool assist in showing the flow of activity between the separate
task. It is also known as the quality technique which aid in measuring the quality of project. It
shows with bubbles, arrows and boxes. It also represents the relationship among the steps, group
and task which influence the project. In the computer telecommunication process, this diagram
can be used in large manner and represent in the graphical chart network. Many engineers,
designer in compiling detailed network information. It can be said that this diagram used in the
telecommunication services and used by the technical experts.
Illustration 6: Network diagram
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4.3 Investment appraisal techniques
Net present value (NPV): It is investment appraisal technique which determines present
value of organisation by which further decisions are made for investment on business operations
(Business Decision Making, 2016). It is calculated by using following formula mentioned below
as:
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Illustration 7: Formula for calculating NPV
In this regard, NPV for the entity is evaluated as below:
Illustration 8: NPV as investment appraisal technique
Interpretation: PV factor is evaluated by using formula as [1/(1+R) ^n]. Here, R refers
to rate of return which is equal for all 4 years as 10%. However, initial investment on project is
set as 15000 as well cash inflows for next 4 years continually estimated as 8000, 10000 and 5000
for further 2 years. Further, PV factor is determined for each upcoming year which is to be
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multiplied with particular cash inflow. In this regard, addition of overall cash flows is deducted
with initial investment and NPV is evaluated as 7708.83 which is positive and in favour of
organisation. Therefore, entity should implement this strategy for and planning for further years
which will be good for its implementation effectively.
Internal rate of return (IRR): Through this appraisal technique, internal rate of return is
evaluated in which estimation on return is created (Craft, 2013). However, IRR for this
organisation and further decision making is calculated as:
Illustration 9: IRR for decision making
Interpretation: As per evaluating IRR on investment of 15000 for next 4 years, this rate
is presented as 34.77% which is effective and positive for organisation's implementation . In can
be estimated that entity can improve its efficiency at higher level for longer time sustainability.
CONCLUSION
This report is concluded that business decision making is vital approach for
organisation’s effectiveness and improving its quality services. Different aspects for analysing
actual performance of UKCBC is presented through conducting survey with college's students
regarding their satisfaction level with its services. However, collected data are presented in
graphical presentation which would be helpful for QAA going to review the entity in upcoming
months. In addition to this, investment appraisal techniques are understood for project selection
and effective decision making for effectiveness of entity. Thus, importance of business decision-
making is understood through this assignment for further implementations and strategic plans
systematically.
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