Types and Purpose of Organisation: Public, Private, and Voluntary Sectors

This report provides an overview of the different types and purposes of organizations, including public, private, and voluntary sectors. It explains the legal structures of these sectors and discusses the size and scope of various organizations. The report also explores the relationship between different organizational functions and how they relate to the organizational structure and objectives. The examples of Coca-Cola, BBC, and Oxfam are used to illustrate these concepts.

Business and Business
environment

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Task 1..............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Explain the different types and purpose of organisation; public, private and voluntary
sectors and legal structures.....................................................................................................1
P2 Explain the size and scope of different types of organisations.........................................3
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................4
P3 Explain the relationship between different organisational functions and how they relate
with organisational structure and objective............................................................................4
Task 3 ............................................................................................................................................5
Covered in PPT.......................................................................................................................5
Task 4...............................................................................................................................................5
Covered in PPT.......................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
References:.......................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Business are considered as important institutions that contribute towards the development
of an economy and society. It contributed towards the economy in various aspects like, creation
of employment opportunities, providing better quality of life and supply of goods and services
Business as a part of market environment operate and run their operational activities in a
dynamic environment that has direct influence on the way they operate and whether they will
accomplish their goals. Business entities have a fully control over the internal factors like,
suppliers to choose, employee to hire etc., whereas the external factors are beyond their control
such as, economic, political, global and legal factors. On May 9, 1886 Dr. John Pemberton
served the first drink at Jacob's Pharmacy, in Atlanta, since then the Coca-Cola has taken the
shape of giant firm and one of the largest producer of carbonated soft drink. The report covers
the company's size and scope, organisational structure, and influence of macro environment on
its business.
Task 1
P1 Explain the different types and purpose of organisation; public, private and voluntary sectors
and legal structures
Business ownership can be classified majorly in three categories which are private, public
and voluntary sectors, in which business exists and operate in different organisational and legal
structures.
Private sector
These sectors of an economy constitutes a business entities which are owned, managed
and controlled by individuals with an objective is to generate profit. These companies don't have
a state ownership and control over their business operation and business decisions are taken by
individuals. Coco-Cola a giant producer of carbonated drinks in the world which is been run,
managed and owned by individual with the purpose of generating profit (Karla and Pestel, 2020).
Purpose of Private sector
The private sectors organisation contribute largely to the development of an economy as
delivering of good and services generate a national income and contribute to tax revenues (Liu
and Yang, 2019). These sectors are also responsible for providing employment opportunities to
the common masses.
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Legal structure of Private sectors
Legal structure of business organisation's in private sectors are classified in three
categories which are mentioned beneath. Sole-proprietorship : This is the most common form of businesses as they are simple,
easy and involves a less amount of investment. It can be formed under the name of an
individual where he/ she is liable for its debts (Segal and et. al., 2019).
 Corporations : The legal structure is formed by the various shareholder who together
elect the board of directors and corporations run and exists as a legal entity. Coca-Cola is
large multinational corporations founded in a year 1892, which is a largest producer of
carbonated soft drinks.
Public Sector
Public sector undertaking business organisations are those which are owned, managed
and controlled by government and government institutions. All levels of government-controlled
and owned enterprise in an economy, apart from private and voluntary organisation, constitute a
large part of economy (Small, Yasseen and Salie, H., 2019).
Purpose of Public sector
The significant purpose of private sectors organisations is to ensure a fair and equitable
distribution of goods and government services like military, public education, police, health-care
and social needs to the each and every community of a country and to foster the economic
development and standard of living of people.
Legal structure of public sector National Organisations : The prime objective of public sectors undertaking BBC is to
work for the interest of people and meeting their needs in a best possible way by
providing information and raising awareness through media channels. Organisation at
national level has a role of central government and work for the welfare of a nation
(Tanguy-Melac and et. al., 2020).
 Local or municipal organisation :Municipal or local owned organisations are owned
and managed by municipalities rather than a state or central government. These
organisations look after various services like, water management, transport services,
housing, social affair and employment, health and education services.
Voluntary sectors
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Unlike private sectors voluntary sectors work for the purpose of generating a social
wealth rather a material wealth. The organisation within these sectors aims at making a
difference in a society with their activities and money raised and generated by their acts are
reinvested for the welfare of community or organisation itself (Doorley and Pestel, 2020).
Purpose of Voluntary sectors
Voluntary organisations like Oxfam achieve their mission and goals through series of
activities by providing their support to the issue which needs to addressed quickly like, climate
change, unaffordable housing, child abuse, women facing domestic abuse etc.
 Unincorporated trust : This type of non-profitable legal structure is formed where the
group of individual come forward to work towards a particular cause as they all share a
common interest and purpose. These types of organisation are easy to establish and are
known as voluntary organisations (Trad, 2021).
 Charitable trust : Trust is a formal relationship between the donors, trustees and
beneficiaries. Donors give the legal right to trustees to manage and own a land, property
or even financial resources for a specified purpose to benefit a overall community called
beneficiaries (Xu and Dong, 2019).
P2 Explain the size and scope of different types of organisations
Company Size Scope
 Coca Cola Coca-Cola is a multinational
beverage corporation, founded
in year 1892, as a manufacturer
and retailer of non-alcoholic
concentrated and syrups. As
per the 2019 report Coca-Cola
constitute a 86,200 manpower
across the globe (Deshpande,
2019). Coca-Cola's top four
soft drinks are Coca-Cola,
fanta, Sprite, and diet Coke.
Coca-Cola is one of the
leading beverage company in
the world, recognised for its
coca cola product. Company
operates in an around 200
countries with approximately
400 distinct product range. On
an average Coca-Cola serves
to 1.5 billion people every day
with around 2800 varieties of
beverage items.
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 BBC British Broadcasting
corporation was founded in the
year 1927,, headquartered at
Westminster, London. BBC is
a public sector undertaking
broadcaster with its services all
over the world. BBC render its
services by means of
television, radio and internet.
BBC is recognised as world's
oldest national broadcaster and
one of the largest broadcaster
in world in terms of
employees, with a total
number of 22,000, out of
which 19,000 are in public
sector.
 Oxfam Oxfam, is a non-governmental
organisation founded in a year
1942 with a sole purpose of
eradication of global poverty
(Farrukh and et. al., 2020). It is
a alliance of 20 independent
charitable organisations who
have come forward to address
the issue climate change and
discrimination against women.
Oxfam is non-profitable group
which work towards
addressing the issue like
climate changes, women
discrimination and global
poverty. In the year 2017-2018
Oxfam has worked with 19.5
million people across globe
and have inspired around 3.1
million people with their social
work.
Task 2
P3 Explain the relationship between different organisational functions and how they relate with
organisational structure and objective
Organisational structure defines how the activities within the business entity flows,
allocated and coordinated so as to attain business objective and goals. The structure also defines
hierarchy level within an business firm and who reports to whom (Jeleński and et. al., 2020).
 Production and research and development : The activities within these department are
inter-related with each other which so as to work efficiently and effectively within an
organisation. Coca-Cola conduct a detailed research programme before executing its
production activities which will reveal various elements like availability of raw-materials,
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work force, demand and supply, taste and preferences of target market etc. With the
acquired result Coca-Cola align its production activities.
 Sales and Marketing : Rise in Coca-Cola's sales volume is the consequences of effective
marketing and promotional techniques. Marketing activities are conducted with an aim to
increase the sales revenue of a company (Lopez-Radcenco and et. al., 2019). Coca-Cola
aims to deliver a effective message to its target audience so that customer is well
acquainted with the details of a product.
Coca Cola is a giant multinational beverage company and a eminent manufacturer and marketer
of carbonated soft drinks. With its operations world-wide and large scale of operation, Company
manages its operational activities by means of divisional organisational structure (Götz, 2020).
Divisional organisation structure creates separate divisions of business on the basis of product
type or its geographical location so that each division could use the necessary resources and
operate in a desired manner so as to support the activities of each division and work towards the
achievement company's goal that is, the product of Coca-Cola is consumed and recognised
across the globe.
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CONCLUSION
From the above state report it has concluded that the key success of any business lies in
its operational activities by efficient and effective utilisation of organisation's resources.
Managers continually keep evaluating the macro and micro environment to identify the strength
and weakness of a company in the light of a external threats and opportunities. With these
analyses managers takes in account appropriate measures to combat the threats and make best
use of these opportunities so that the activities of a business may flow and direct in a right
direction to achieve its objective.
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References:
Books and Journals
Adu-Danso, E. and Abbey, E., 2020. Does foreign ownership enhance technological innovation
amongst manufacturing firms in Sub-Saharan Africa?. Journal of Small Business &
Entrepreneurship, pp.1-27.
Deshpande, S., 2019. Social marketing’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
(SWOT): A commentary. Social Marketing Quarterly. 25(4). pp.231-242.
Doorley, K. and Pestel, N., 2020. Labour Supply after Inheritances and the Role of
Expectations. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics. 82(4). pp.843-863.
Farrukh and et. al., 2020. Twenty‐eight years of business strategy and the environment research:
A bibliometric analysis. Business Strategy and the Environment. 29(6). pp.2572-2582.
Götz, M., 2020. Attracting foreign direct investment in the era of digitally reshaped international
production. The primer on the role of the investment policy and clusters–The case of
Poland. Journal of East-West Business. 26(2). pp.131-160.
Jeleński, T. and et. al., 2020. The potential of RES in the reduction of air pollution: The SWOT
analysis of smart energy management solutions for Krakow Functional Area
(KrOF). Energies. 13(7). p.1754.
Karla, A. and Pestel, F., 2020. Revolution on Trial: Writing Memoirs in Times of Revolution,
Emigration, and Restoration (1789–1824). French Historical Studies. 43(3). pp.391-
420.
Liu, H.M. and Yang, H.F., 2019. Managing network resource and organizational capabilities to
create competitive advantage for SMEs in a volatile environment. Journal of Small
Business Management. 57. pp.155-171.\
Lopez-Radcenco, M. and et. al., 2019. Analog data assimilation of along-track nadir and wide-
swath swot altimetry observations in the western Mediterranean Sea. IEEE Journal of
Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. 12(7). pp.2530-
2540.
Segal, A., and et. al 2019. Optimization of deposition uniformity during silicon epitaxy in deep
trenches. Semiconductor Science and Technology. 34(2). p.024001.
Small, R., Yasseen, Y. and Salie, H., 2019. Re-inventing the professional accountant:
business. Professional Accountant, 2019(35). pp.8-9.
Tanguy-Melac, A., and et. al., 2020. Intensity of care, expenditure, place and cause of death
people with lung cancer in the year before their death: A French population based
study. Bulletin du cancer. 107(3). pp.308-321.
Trad, A. and Kalpić, D., 2019. The Business Transformation Framework and its Business
Engineering Law support for (e) transactions. In Advanced Methodologies and
Technologies in Business Operations and Management (pp. 230-246). IGI Global.
Trad, A., 2021. An Applied Mathematical Model for Business Transformation and Enterprise
Architecture: The Holistic Organizational Intelligence and Knowledge Management
Pattern's Integration (HOI&KMPI). International Journal of Organizational and
Collective Intelligence (IJOCI). 11(1). pp.1-25.
Xu, D. and Dong, L., 2019. Strategic diagnosis of China’s modern coal-to-chemical industry
using an integrated SWOT-MCDM framework. Clean Technologies and Environmental
Policy. 21(3). pp.517-532.
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POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
Slide 1:
The report is based on Coca-Cola which is a soft drink company and on May 9, 1886 Dr. John
Pemberton served the first drink at Jacob's Pharmacy, in Atlanta, since then the
company has taken the shape of giant firm and one of the largest producer of carbonated
soft drink.
Slide 2:
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Political factor : Political factors are concerned with political stability or instability in overseas
market, tax policy, government policies etc. which can disturb the Coca-Cola business
operations in overseas market. For example, Coca-Cola don't operate in Cuba and North
Korea due the political factors. Apart from this change in food and drug regulation also
vary country to country which may cease into Coca-Cola's business operations.
Economic factors : Coca-Cola's productivity and profitability completely depends on the
economic factors which includes economic growth of a nation, interest rates, exchange rates,
and disposable income of consumers. New trade agreement between US, Mexico and Canada
have encouraged the free and fair trade between these nations, giving a advantage to Coca-
Cola. Furthermore, the demand for zero sugar or low calorie drinks have significantly
augmented the sales revenue of Coca-Cola.
Social factors : The social factors include the change in taste and preference of consumers,
buying habits, health consciousness and career attitude. Coca-Cola has its operation
worldwide and to deliver a product matching the needs of a particular nation is quite
challenging. People in a developed nation are becoming health conscious and shifting from
flavoured drinks to healthy drinks which could impact the sales revenue of a company. To
address the issue Coca-Cola have introduced a “diet coke” which a low calorie drink and
additionally Coca-Cola have developed around 30 flavours to appeal the Japanese customers.
Technological factors : These factors deals with the way new products are produced, methods
of distribution and means of communication with the customers adopted by Coca-Cola. With
the help of updated machinery and technology Coca-Cola ensures delivery of quality
products to its customer on time. Coca-Cola also uses social media sites to communicate and
connect with their existing and future customers.
Legal factors : Compliance to legal factors such as health and safety policy, consumer rights and
laws, product safety and standards, are essential for business like Coca-Cola which have
overseas operations too. Coca-Cola have been dealing with the several issues like packaging,
water usage and air pollution in the past. Allegedly, Coca-Cola had been accused of paying
low wages and inappropriate treatment to its employees which had a significant impact on its
brand image.
Environmental factors : Scarcity of raw materials, pollution targets and carbon footprints set by
government, doing business in an ethical and sustainable way increased concern for
safeguarding the environment and minimize the impact manufacturing industries have upon
it. Coca-Cola have actively participated in the cause as they have adopted a farming method
which uses less water and have developed a solar energy plan t to produce a beverage in Fiji.
Slide 3:
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Strengths: Coca uses creative and innovative marketing campaign which helps the company to
maintain a strong communication with its customer.
Better connectivity, continuous feedback and suggestions from the customers have strengthen the
customer base and promotes the customer loyalty.
Weaknesses: Insensitive water management of Cola-Cola have raised a several issues in past and
had been alleged for vast consumption of water in a water scarce area.
Health issues related with fizzy drinks has declined the sales volume of Coca-Cola.
Slide 4:
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Opportunities: Coca-Cola can penetrate into a developing nation by expanding its business
operation in hot and humid weathers.
Coca-Cola has its presence in packed water bottle segment with “Kinley” which has relatively
low share, Coca-Cola must focus on its marketing activities to take this segment to its
pinnacle.
Threats: Coca-Cola's biggest rivalry is Pepsi and competition among them is at large scale.
Sourcing of raw materials is another concern for Coca-Cola due to scarcity of water.
Additionally, it has been suspected that fizzy drinks are produced with the use of pesticides
and other chemical which cause a serious threat to life.
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