Ethically Defensible Rice Growing Industry in Australia

This essay explores the ethical aspects of having a substantial rice growing industry in Australia. It discusses water management, environmental sustainability, and economic benefits. The farmers in Australia use advanced techniques to grow rice with minimal water usage, making it ethically defensible. The essay also highlights the importance of rice production for the country's economy and the conservation efforts made by farmers. Overall, it argues that the rice growing industry in Australia is beneficial and sustainable.

Business Ethic Essay
Ethically defensible to have a substantial rice growing industry in Australia

Ethic Essay 2
Introduction
As food is the basic amenity for leading a life hence Agriculture industry has been one of the
primary industries from the start of the human civilisation. The rice production in Australia in-
between 1999-2002 was averaged more than 1.3 million tons per year. It is one of the crucial
agricultural products and it is refined in almost all countries in the world. The production of rice
needs usually large flooded areas. There are many greenhouse gases are produced under these
conditions, such as nitrogen oxides, methane, carbon dioxide and its derivatives. Cultivation of
rice is liable by the release of relevant amounts of these contributes determinedly to global
warming. The average rate of rice was less than 360000 tons in the seven years 2003 to 2009.
The average of drought is skewed by a million-ton crop in 2006, moderately the outcome of an
advance of future allocation of the grower (McGauran, 2007). Australia is small in terms of
continent size and is the driest, lowest and flattest country in the world. The mainland of
Australia is Mount Kosciuszko, New South Wales, having a height of 2228 meters. Reason
behind dried land is the warmer air that fosters more evaporation from the surface which
facilitates to further the dry climate.
Ethically production of rice in Australia
The production of food and fibre is dependent on water and farmers have enough knowledge
regarding the value of the water. The rice growers of Australian use around 50% lesser amount
of water for growing 1KG of rice when compared with average and are identified globally for
producing upper quality rice of different varieties suitable for the climate of Australia known as
temperate rice (Tao, Zhang, Jin, Saiz, Jing, Guo & Butterbach-Bahl, 2015). The use of water per
hectare constant to deny, due to a obligation of improving the high yielding rice that utilising less

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water, and by attaining the best practices of management. The cornerstone for environmental
initiatives island and water management plans in the irrigation areas of the Riverina (Fang, Snell,
Barbetti & Lanoiselet, 2017). Each plan is included natural resource management strategy made
by local communities and landholders with financial and technical assistance in partnership with
the Federal and NSW governments. Yes, it’s ethically correct to have substantial rice growing
industry within Australia because farmers of Australia do not waste water for the unnecessary
purpose. On the other hand, growing of rice is helpful for the economic condition of Australia
because the country does not require import rice from outside that supports the inflation of the
rice. Farmers of Australia apply farm planning techniques which are familiar for the country.
Along with that the main concern of all farmers of Australia who involve in the development of
rice is on recycling all their water so that the wastage of water cannot be increased (Tajalli &
Segal, 2019). There is ethic behind growing rice in Australia because they grow rice with high
technique, in which they do not waste water. Along with that, the farmers have focused on
shorter season rice varieties, for which they need less water for growth. It has been found that
farmers use various techniques in order to use less water for growing rice. The moisture on the
crop is taking used by the farmers for another grain crop (Stuart,et. al., 2016). These techniques
are liable to show that growing rice is beneficial for Australians because they do not harm water.
Adoption of high tech precision agriculture technology is able to deliver advancements.
Globally, Australian rice production takes less water in comparison to other countries for
growing rice and is continuously in the top 4 of water-efficient producers. In case of going for
import all rice by Australia, especially from developing countries, the country has to consume
food that is developed by countries with taking help of natural resources involving water that are
substantial pressure. It is the record that the rice industry of Australia is growing continuously

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not only in the terms of quality but also in productivity, water use, quantity, land use and
environmental management. The rice grower of Australian exceeded the international average
production of 5.4 tonnes per hectare 45 years ago. Now, industry of Australia is on average of
9.7 tonnes per hectare (Zhang, Liu, Dannenmann, Tao, Yao, Jing & Lin, 2017).
A rice crop forms one part of a farming system
The decisions of farmers are taking by assessing all needed equipment for farming and the
feasibility of the arrangement is also taken into consideration at the time of growing rice. The
farmers of Australia make decisions regarding which crops they will plant each season after
forecasting about the weather and different conditions like water allocations and the weather.
The form of the rice cropping is one of the major parts of farming and is the only consideration
of the planted when the situations are in favor of the farmers. In Australia, rice is grown-up from
October until March and in revolution with one-time crops such as barley, harvested rice crops
and wheat. There are many crops in them that grow in rotation with rice by using soil moisture
from the, it refers no need of further irrigation (Islam, Kao, Bhattacharya, Gupta & Choi, 2018).
This permits for extra water savings and more efficiently provides growers with two crops by
making use of only one application of water.
There are many varieties of rice in Australia that have been majorly developed for climate and
have been varied to suit the environmental conditions of a specific area of Australia i.e. south-
eastern Australia. It is the common perception that the rice has the feature of the tropical crop,
but almost all the rice grown in Australia is Japonica, a kind which is entirely suited to the dried
up temperature microclimate of the Australian growing region. Careful water management of
rice farms is required to make sure both rice productivity and environmental sustainability. It has

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been found that water and land management are the major stone of environmental initiatives in
the irrigation zones of the Riverina. Local communities and landholders with financial and
technical assistance made strategy for integrated natural resource management by taking
consideration of the partnership with Federal governments (Barclay, 2010). The plans are being
made by the farmers for handling irrigation farming and developing soil and water management
within the landscape. Along with that they also give for long-term biodiversity restoration and
effective farm management strategies, so the land is conserved for further generation.
Along with that, it has been found that farmers grow annual crops, like rice, only when enough
water is obtainable. This develops it perfectly suited to their different climate. The growers of
rice are allocated their waste last- after the environment, livestock and towns and permanent
plantings. Rice production can be developed relying on water availability. In case of availability
of water, the zone of rice planted will rely on financial consideration to focus the value of the
water. It has been analyzed that rice crop outline is one of the parts of the farming system. The
farmers of Australia make decisions regarding crops they will plan each season by taking
consideration of a number of conditions like water allocations (The conversation, 2019).
Effective use of water is one of the major arguments for Australian rice grows an industry that is
being claimed by a number of people that live in the dehydrated cities of Southern Australia in
which the rice cannot be grown significantly. Nonetheless, as per Kecskés,et. al., (2016), the
campaigners of Healthy Rivers for the Australian Conservation Foundation, ongoing levels of
water allocation shows a key threat to rivers as well as wetlands in the river of Murray. Murray
supplies water to the large extends of people of Australia in the towns, cities and farms across the
more thickly populated south-east quarter of the continent. On the other hand, it has been found
that over the removal of water for irrigation is the huge part to play in the degradation of

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environment, which also considers that the ACF itself is not anti-rice. Way in which farmer fixes
things is not by commanding the sharing of water right (Sivapalan, 2016).
It has been found that the agriculture capability and capability related to research and
development is best all across the globe, and more effectively Australia has maintained a strong
capability in the terms of climate change research involving studies on influences and mitigation.
The communities of Australia can execute this capability to increase agricultural production both
in Australia and in our region. These strengths offer a solid foundation to analyze the
transformation of the agricultural industries to define regional food security. Australia can
develop a noteworthy contribution to the project as they have far-reaching experience in
handling hard and low input productions systems.
The main problem regarding rice is the high price that records highs in current times, affecting
from $327 a tonne a year ago to $1,000 a tonne last week. Yet, there is no major shortage of rice-
worldwide production and spending is roughly in balance. Supply has been influenced by floods
in Bangladesh which enforced it to purchase more on the worldwide markets in comparison of
normal, and hurricane in Burma will perhaps force it for the same, but the food of UN and
agriculture organization provides rice producers usually have not been hit by large scale climate
shocks (Pak, You, Lanoiselet & Barbetti, 2017). Instead, the cost of developing rice and
conveying it has moved up as oil prices have raised, and this inflation of oil-driven seems to be a
fundamental aspect in the recent rice issues. Rice diverges from other commodities of agriculture
like wheat, soya and corn, in that only few are traded worldwide. Farming rice in Australia
definitely has its challenges. Soil quality, weather and water availability all come into play. It has
been found that the rice is harvested and ready to be divided with various countries; the
exportation process is not easy. In the context of trade restriction, it has been found that the food

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crisis is partly handled by drought in Australia; it was being done by due to trade restrictions
(Lanoiselet, 2016). There are a number of countries that have started to impose trade bans that
enhanced rice prices by double, and lead to panic purchasing. Beside restricting harvest
decisions, the drought has constrained the district's rice cultivators to roll out key improvements
to the manner in which they farm. Growers are getting to be cannier in the manner they outline
their fields to influence most ideal utilization of the water they are having. By utilizing cunning
shaping, combined with very much arranged waste and distribution frameworks, numerous
Riverina farmers might produce a winter crop by basically utilizing the residual moisture of the
former rice crop – no or negligible beneficial water system is required (Suenaga, Tan & Brock,
2016).
It has been found that the ability to grow rice is entirely dependent on the availability of
irrigation water. The dependency of the water is on the seasonal rainfall in the irrigation regions,
but it also influenced by government responses to amplifying demands of social and
environmental on the same source water. There is a huge risk for rice productions in the relation
of the crop growth, like as the crop failing to make, because of a lot of risks of adverse weather
events. Rice yield is majorly vulnerable to cold temperatures at the time of pollen initiation stage
that is 12-14 days, although water management and sowing time can decrease the risk of
experience at the crucial duration (Sandhu & Kumar, 2017). The farmers of Australia has an
effective sustainable strategy which helped them to come under huge risks, so it shall be noted
that the marketing risks for the rice grower are significantly decreased in comparison of other
grain industries. In New South Wales, Ricegrowers Limited has a number of shareholders who
are rice growers and the company is entirely responsible for marketing as well as the production
of rice under SunRice brand, not only in Australia but also in internationally (Maraseni, Deo, Qu,

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Gentle & Neupane, 2018). The area of annual cropping relies on forecasted requirements of
marketing. Rice growers hold huge position and they get preference by the Australian
Government.

Ethic Essay 9
The rice generation is a beneficial agro-based industry in Australia. Despite the fact that the
region under rice development and all out generation in Australia is next to no in extent to
worldwide rice creation, its novel agronomy and harvest the board is remarkable. Since the
commencement of rice development in watered regions of New South Wales (NSW) and states
of Victoria in Australia in the mid 20th century, this industry has advanced significantly. Rice
sowing techniques in Australia incorporate wet seeding in developed water coves, nonstop dry
seeding in past harvest stubbles, and direct seeding on changeless raised beds. The Australian
condition is suitable for medium-grain mild assortments, and a significant number of these have
been grown locally through reproducing, keeping in view the nearby climatic and edaphic
conditions (Mohammadi, Rafiee, Jafari, Keyhani, Dalgaard, Knudsen & Hermansen, 2015). The
farmers of Australia generate the most water-effective rice on the planet. The departure from
significant diseases and pest and great practices of administration enable them to acquire the
most noteworthy yield per hectare when contrasted with all other rice-creating nations. A few
weeds overrun rice fields in Australia, yet compelling administration through herbicides is by
and by.
Entire yield cultivation is very much motorized ideal from sowing to reap. An incorporated
framework associates farmers, industry, and the stakeholders of government which guarantee the
implausible production of crop pursued by remarkable handling and advertising inside and out of
the nation. The deteriorating water assets, the terminal virus worry amid the conceptive phase of
rice crop, and the natural concerns are significant imperatives to the Australian rice industry
(Sabiha, Salim, Rahman & Rola-Rubzen, 2016). Despite that, the most astounding water-use
effectiveness, fast appropriation of inventive preservation technologies, the advancement of new

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cultivars reasonable for the evolving atmosphere, and incorporated research with comprehensive
methodology are solid highlights of this business.
Conclusion
It has been found from the above discussion that it is not ethically wrong to produce rice in
Australia despite having dried continent. It is because of giving consideration by the government
to the rice grower. Along with that, it has been found that the rice growers of Australia is getting
attention from the government and their issues are focused by them on a prior basis. However,
there is a big issue of water in Australia for rice growing because rice production needs a lot of
water, but the farmers of Australia choose vary strategy to grow rice which reduces the risk of
misuse of water. It has been found that water and land management are the major stone of
environmental initiatives in the irrigation zones of the Riverina. Although, the contribution of the
Australian government is huge in providing a preference for rice growth so that economically the
country has not to face any kind of struggle.

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