Business Improvement and Change Analysis

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Business Improvement and Change
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Executive Summary
This document reports on Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ). The air quality issues like the
pollution level and emission of carbon from the transport is increasing, and this has led the
central administrations as well as the local authorities to take up a vital role of transition to zero
emission vehicles. Already there are various local authorities who have taken actions for
accelerating the change to zero emission road transport, along with the eight Go Ultra Low cities,
across the United Kingdom. For supporting this move to have cleaner buses, a new ultra low
emission bus scheme was launched in England as well as in Wales. The second funding is being
launched for the local authorities to roll out the reserved taxi charging infrastructure. A new
practice will be disseminated with the local authorities and others through various roadshows.
Even, the international community will be included for accelerating the global shift of cleaner
transport. This report will present the Zero Emission Vehicles and explain how the collective
opportunities can be seized and the shared challenges can be tackled. The overall report focuses
on critical evaluation of the feasibility of the business processes and systems needed by the Road
to zero consortium for making the provision of fast charging infrastructure in the central London
Ultra Low Emission Zone; development of a roadmap; discussion on critical milestones in 2020
and 2021; and stakeholder analysis.

Table of Contents
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Task One- Business Systems and Process......................................................................................................................2
1. Logistics Transshipment................................................................................................................................. 2
2. Fast Charging Infrastructure..........................................................................................................................2
3. Critical Assessment......................................................................................................................................... 4
4. Evaluation...................................................................................................................................................... 6
5. Decision, Choice and Rationale....................................................................................................................... 7
Task Two- Developing Road Map.................................................................................................................................. 8
1. “As is” roadmap components and rationale-2019............................................................................................8
2. “To be” Road map components and rationale-2021.........................................................................................8
3. Gap Analysis- 2020......................................................................................................................................... 9
4. What to be done and by when?.....................................................................................................................10
Task Three- Critical Milestones................................................................................................................................... 11
1. Inner London Saturation Milestones.............................................................................................................11
2. Greater London Saturation........................................................................................................................... 11
3. Transshipment Milestones............................................................................................................................. 11
4. Fast Charging Hub Milestones...................................................................................................................... 11
5. Feasibility in Time........................................................................................................................................ 11
Task Four-Stakeholder Analysis.................................................................................................................................. 12
1. Stakeholder Groups...................................................................................................................................... 12
2. Keys Stakeholders........................................................................................................................................ 12
3. Probability for stakeholder 1 GLA (Greater London Authority), probability for stakeholder 2 TFL (Transport
for London) and probability for stakeholder 3 [Another stakeholder]......................................................................14
4. Impact for stakeholder 1 GLA, impact for stakeholder 2 TFL and impact for stakeholder 3 [Another
stakeholder]............................................................................................................................................................ 14
5. Severity for stakeholder 1 GLA, severity for stakeholder 2 TFL and severity for stakeholder 3 [Another
stakeholder]............................................................................................................................................................ 15
Conclusion & Recommendations.................................................................................................................................... 16
References...................................................................................................................................................................... 17

Introduction
The UK has recognized the advantages of having a cleaner road transport. And came up
with LEZ (Low Emission Zone), which refers to a scheme in London for the traffic pollution
charge and it aims to decline the diesel-powered commercial vehicle’s emission of exhaust gas. It
was replaced with Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) in central London, which aims to
improvise the quality of air. It was presented in the year 2019 during the month of April. LEZ
operates on encouraging the highly polluting heavy diesel vehicles present in London to become
cleaner, and LEZ covers several parts of Greater London. It operates 24/7. LEZ is different from
ULEZ in terms of place as it covers central London and operates 24/7, excluding on Christmas
Day (Transport for London, 2019). Similarly, there are various cities, regions and countries, who
have targets of long-term to have cleaner road transport, and are newly building the multi-billion
pound industries throughout the globe. This has resulted in exceptional innovation, including
investments from different industries and new entrants with new ideas and competitions. It is a
huge opportunity, where the global market is estimated that by the end of 2030 the low emission
vehicles might have a value of £1.0–2.0 trillion/year, and by 2050 it can turn into £3.6– 7.6
trillion every year. Thus, the United Kingdom is put as the example for designing and
manufacturing the vehicles that have zero emission feature. The expectation is to make the
United Kingdom to lead the world in relative technologies, along with vehicle-to-grid systems
and infrastructure.
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Task One- Business Systems and Process
1. Logistics Transshipment
Transshipment refers to the shipping of goods/containers to an intermediary destination,
and later to other destination. This can include the change of means of transport like from the
ship transportation to road transportation. But, the transportation problem allows supplying
directly to the supply point to demand point. However, there exists situations where
transshipment points might be needed, which need to be resolved.
This business system has analyzed that it is essential to resolve the logistics
transshipment issue. The transshipment points are issues.
Here, the products are shipped to various customers, where each customer needs some
particular set products each day. The best option of shipping is to ship the product to the Transfer
center and then it can be sent to the final customers. The objective of this is to meet the demand
and decrease the total shipping cost.
The transshipment issue could be transformed as a transportation issue by using the
following steps:
Step 1: Construction of the actual transportation issue, by avoiding the points of
transshipment.
Step 2: Balancing of the actual transportation issue.
Step 3: Adding one row and column for every single transshipment point, where the
supply and demand are set equal to the total actual supply.
2. Fast Charging Infrastructure
This business process is analyzed for further improvement with the advancement of
technology.
The fast charging infrastructure can be facilitated at the “destination” locations, where the
cars drive to and generally stay for over one hour, for easy charging of their vehicles.
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Figure: Chargepoints network for the public in the UK is increasing
Source: The Road to Zero, 2018
Figure: Types of chargepoint connectors
Source: The Road to Zero, 2018
From the above graph it is observed that the use of fast chargepoints is increasing when
compared to the rapid and slow chargepoints. Thus, measures to improve the fast charging
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