Cloud Computing and Information Systems

The assignment delves into the profound influence of cloud computing on information systems. It examines adoption models used by organizations to integrate cloud technologies, analyzes the challenges and benefits associated with cloud-based information security, and investigates the role of cloud computing in promoting environmentally sustainable practices within information technology.

Business Information
Technology Systems

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. The way an efficient MIS could improve the operational efficiency of a retail business
organisation............................................................................................................................1
P2. The way IT systems contribute to increase the overall profitability................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P3. The way two different IT systems which will meet the requirements of JS....................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P4. Use of IT systems to support value added change for improving the efficiency of
operations performance and overall profitability...................................................................5
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6
P5. Recommending practical IT solutions to the situation described by Neil Johnson for
supermarket............................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Business is a composition of number of activities and it is the duty of managers to look
upon on each and every factor properly (Bulgurcu and et. al., 2010). Business information
technology system includes various instruments which are needed to be implemented by the
managers properly so that they will become able to gain as well as utilise each and every data
properly. This project includes detailed information about Johnson Supermarket that is operating
3 largest small retail outlets in Elford, Easthern and Barking. This store gets started in 1968 with
two brothers i.e. Robert and Paul Johnson and have a revenue of £15.4 million. Neil wants to
improve many issues which are recently faced by organisation with the help of IT manager in
order to maximise productivity. This project includes the role of different IT systems for
supporting organisational objectives along with flexible and reliable information system to
organisational requirement.
TASK 1
P1. The way an efficient MIS could improve the operational efficiency of a retail business
organisation
An organization uses computer to collect, create, sorting and processing of data that helps
in resolving issues and problems that are associated with company's workers. Information
technology is a system of computer to store, study, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data or
information often in the context of business and an organisation (Deng and Chi, 2012). It is
essential for an organisation to implement appropriate IT systems so that better and appropriate
working at each level could be encouraged.
In the firm, there are multiple number of functions taking place who have different
operations and perform diverse range of activities like HR, sales, marketing and finance. All
these have their different roles and responsibilities which are needed to be performed by the
managers of a company appropriately. Johnson Supermarket is a retail association that has three
big stores in the UK and all their systems stand alone in nature which need more cost . Hence,
elder son of a business partner inspected an association and determine several major issues which
are associated with the IT system. One of the major issues which is concerned with functions is
lack of coordination between stores purchasing and accounts department.
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Thus, with effective IT system in an organisation, all information are to be manage
properly and in an appropriate framework as well so that better and proper working could be
encourage. Several IT systems which need to be implement by managers are stated as follow:
(Types of Information Systems in an Organization, 2018): Transaction processing system: JS evaluates the major issue at their operational level in
which inventory and holding cost are high in nature due to lack of communication
between accounts department and lack of communication between various stores of a
company. This work needs to be managed through operational department that has to take
and maintain appropriate storing of data and information so that better and effective
working could be promoted and encouraged in order to accomplish better results. This
kind of system is helpful for marketing and sales department of a company which is
needed to get combined with accounts department in order to evaluate cost of inventory
and holding.
 Management information system: Another major system which is required to be
implemented by a company is management information system which derives company
higher position than its competitor. JS management needs to evaluate all kinds of data
which arrive at senior level properly and frame their strategies accordingly. This is a
software in which all kinds of information are stored at one place so that business will
become able to disseminate each and every data properly. There are various number of
issues and problems being faced by Johnson Supermarket on which management needs to
take appropriate decisions so that better and appropriate working could be encouraged.
Neil needs to take a view on various problems properly and enhance the use of IT into
business operations so that each and every information will get managed effectively in
order to gain better and appropriate results.
P2. The way IT systems contribute to increase the overall profitability
One of a major objective for every business is profitability through which organisation
become sustain into keen competitive world as well as gain competitive advantage in nature
(Dutta and et. al., 2012). Thus, management need to frame a plan properly so that competitive
advantage could be gain. Information system is helpful in order to take beneficial decision as
management become able to collate each and every single piece of data in their system properly
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so that better ad effective working could be encourage. IT system is helpful in collect data and
analyse them effectively so that better and appropriate gain could become possible.
Neil a son of elder partner inspect business store properly and evaluate various problems
which are harmful for an organisation:
 To build more efficient coordination between different stores in order to facilitate
appropriate purchasing and account department (Furht and Escalante, 2010). This is one
of an objective of a company which need to evaluate by managers of a company properly
and implement suitable systems in each and every store properly rather than stand-alone
systems. Along with this, they need to maintain a free flow of data from one store to
another so that efficient coordination get managed in order to resolve business problems
and again manage profit through using appropriate IT systems.
 To build better relationship with suppliers by having up to date information about
purchases, payment and account balances. This is another major objective of Johnson
Store which need to get evaluate by an organisation managers properly in all of their
three stores effectively (Galegher, Kraut and Egido, 2014). Purchases of an organisation
is getting impacted as there are many systems are based on stand-alone and there are lack
of communication between each and every stores properly. Moreover, account balances
merger is another typical factor for business due to using stand-alone systems. Thus, it is
essential for an organisation to install and make their system more appropriate in nature
so that better and appropriate working get encourage.
 To reduce the level of inventory and stock holding cost through managing various
operations in an appropriate manner. It is important for an organisation to implement
appropriate system so that better and appropriate working could be promote. Level of
inventory get reduce by maintain appropriate records of each and every stock related
aspect in which JS become able to determine data related with other stores properly. This
enables them in reducing cost of inventory holding which consider as major task for
managers of a company.
 Plan ahead to gain competitive advantage over the other similar supermarkets. It get
evaluated by Neil that management is less focus on future planning context thus which is
harmful for business and its operations. Although, without any future prediction and
orientation, neither of a business gain success. Hence, it is essential for JS to gain and
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frame suitable strategy for business for which they can use Management information
system and decision support system so that each single piece of data get store properly
and get retrieve whenever required.
TASK 2
P3. The way two different IT systems which will meet the requirements of JS
In today's world most of companies are trying to improve relationship with consumers by
different tools and technologies. Johnson supermarket uses different software which helps in
increasing company’s productivity. Customer relationship management software's stores the
information and data of every single end user so that organisation can easily manage things and
make plans and programmes in future to maximise the profit. This data gets updated every single
day (Gorla, Somers and Wong, 2010). There are some software that Johnson supermarket uses
on daily basis and those are: Marketing Automation: This reduces the situations which have the possibilities of
repetition this increases efforts of marketing at customer level in different aspects. Contact centre automation: This type of software was made to reduce the unwanted
aspects of a person’s job. IVR is an example which gives proper information to a
customer of his/her query. Location-based services: This tool is used for finding the sales and profit in various
location of an organisation in current market. This software gives graphical results like
from where most of the people are making transactions.
 Sales force automation: This helps in reducing or even removing the duplicate efforts in
between consumer and the salesman as for the first time a customer went to the salesman
and that person added the details of the end user now from next time this won’t be
repeated as they already have the informational data with them that will help and it is also
an efficient way of working.
Another system which need to install by management of a company is facilitate
appropriate communication chain between suppliers, purchasing department and accounts
department of a company (Jenkin, Webster and McShane, 2011). It is important for an
organisation to implement appropriate system at workplace so that suitable gains could be
maintain. For making appropriate relation between accounts, purchasing and suppliers, business
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can use Management information system which is helpful in better decision making as well as
storing of data properly.
 Johnson Supermarket need to install customer relationship system and management
information system at workplace so that better and appropriate gain could be encourage
and promoted.
 It is a system that supports future planning by getting information of customer needs and
wants that affects productivity of company.
 Moreover, by making suitable customer relationship, association become able to enhance
their productivity through managing suitable communication chain between purchasing
department and its suppliers.
 In Johnson Supermarket, they have three stores whom have lack of coordination between
each other. This problem can be resolve by installing information technology at
workplace that reduces barriers of profitability enhancement.
 Communication between supply and purchase department can be improved by installing
information technology that helps in establishing proper and timely connection with each
other.
TASK 3
P4. Use of IT systems to support value added change for improving the efficiency of operations
performance and overall profitability
Information technology system is helpful measure for an organisation through which
business become able to store and retrieve all their data at one place and in order to evaluate
them whenever it become important for an organisation (Mell and Grance, 2011). Thus,
managers of a company have to take active participation in such context so that better and
appropriate working could be gain. Thus, value added change is essential for business in their
system so that better and effective gains could be encourage (Romney and et.al., 2012).
Value added change is increase in skills of a company so that better and appropriate
working could be entertain properly (Melville, 2010). Thus, management need to improve their
working practices properly in order to enhance and generate more profit as well as reduce
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number of issues and problems. Thus, for improving business performance and operations and
gaining sustainability it is important for management to modify their number of skills and
working so that suitable return get gain. Value added change have to related with business
objectives which need to evaluate by JS properly in order to maximise operations and deal at
diverse level. For Johnson Supermarket, use if information technology stated as follow which
need to evaluate about value added change for improving business performance, operations and
gaining sustainability are:
 IT system support them in order to make their information merge at one place so that
better and appropriate decision making could promote. JS have multiple number of stand-
alone system which made difficult for an association to combine their data and
information properly which create barrier in their operations (Sun and et. al., 2010).
 IT system is helpful in storage and retrieve of data so that when it is all about future
planning management can use appropriate thing from system and make their future
oriented policies. Johnson Supermarket wants to plan their operation for next 3 years
which become tough for management as data is not stored at one place. Thus, for making
future performance appropriate in nature, management need to modify their system which
is a kind of value added change.
Hence, Neil have to make these changes in IT system properly so that they become able
to retain their growth and make operations effective in nature as well. Supermarket is suffering
wide number of issues and problems in which maintenance of stock holding and cost consider as
major one. Another major thing is to make appropriate and effective relationship with suppliers
so that purchase become appropriate in nature. Thus, Neil have to take all such steps in
consideration properly so that better and appropriate working could be promoted (Yeh and et.al.,
2012).
TASK 4
P5. Recommending practical IT solutions to the situation described by Neil Johnson for
supermarket
There are various issues and problems are evaluate in Johnson Supermarket which need
to get modify in an appropriate manner. Thus, Neil a senior owner son select a IT related person
for a company so that management become able to overcome and deal with all major issues and
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challenges properly so that effective gain could be underpin. Following are several number of
issues and problems which face by a company in order to make appropriate working and
performance are stated as follow:
 One of major problem is lack of coordination between purchasing and accounts
department of a company. Thus, all stores do not have exactly idea about proper
inventory which create problem due to using stand-alone systems. For dealing with this
process, business can install transactional processing system at their stores so that each
and every store can install related aspects properly. Although, at lower level, TPS is one
of an appropriate tool.
 Another issue or a problem is concern with lack of financial planning which impacted on
business operations due to lack of storage and merge of accounts and information
(Oliveira and Martins, 2011). It is essential for business association to use appropriate
system at workplace so that managers become able to derive each and every data
properly. Neil can improve their working system by installing management information
system at workplace so that appropriate and effective operations become possible in
nature.
 Planning for future only become possible through interpret and store whole data at one
place rather focus on stand-alone system in an organisation. It is a major duty of
managers to reduce the use of stand-alone system which are costly in nature as well as
merge their process properly so that better and ethical working get encourage. Although,
this get done only by performing each and every single unit of work effectively and
properly.
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded from the project that business information system needs to get merge
with new and rapid technologies. New technologies always support an organisation in order to
manage and enhance their productivity and profitability of business. On the other hand, chances
of duplication of work get reduced. MIS is one of the systems through which efficiency of
business gets improved which reflect in enhancing overall profit margin of an organisation. It has
also been assessed that there are various IT systems implemented in an organisation which are
needed to work properly according to the requirements of a company. Although, appropriate
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change in system will lead to contribute in development, performance enhancement and
efficiency of business. Hence, on the basis of various issues and problems, management needs to
use appropriate suitable steps to deal with.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bulgurcu, B. and et.al., 2010. Information security policy compliance: an empirical study of
rationality-based beliefs and information security awareness. MIS quarterly. 34(3).
pp.523-548.
Deng, X. and Chi, L., 2012. Understanding postadoptive behaviors in information systems use:
A longitudinal analysis of system use problems in the business intelligence context.
Journal of Management Information Systems. 29(3). pp.291-326.
Dutta, S. and et.al., 2012, November. The global information technology report 2012. In World
Economic Forum (pp. 3-22).
Furht, B. and Escalante, A., 2010. Handbook of cloud computing (Vol. 3). New York: springer.
Galegher, J., Kraut, R. E. and Egido, C., 2014. Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological
foundations of cooperative work. Psychology Press.
Gorla, N., Somers, T. M. and Wong, B., 2010. Organizational impact of system quality,
information quality, and service quality. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems.
19(3). pp.207-228.
Jenkin, T. A., Webster, J. and McShane, L., 2011. An agenda for ‘Green’information technology
and systems research. Information and Organization. 21(1). pp.17-40.
Mell, P. and Grance, T., 2011. The NIST definition of cloud computing.
Melville, N. P., 2010. Information systems innovation for environmental sustainability. MIS
quarterly. 34(1). pp.1-21.
Oliveira, T. and Martins, M.F., 2011. Literature review of information technology adoption
models at firm level. The electronic journal information systems evaluation. 14(1).
pp.110-121.
Romney, M. B. and et.al., 2012. Accounting information systems. Boston: Pearson.
Sun, Q.B. and et. al., 2010. Internet of Things: Summarize on Concepts, Architecture and Key
Technology Problem [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.
3(3). pp.1-9.
Yeh, C. H. and et.al., 2012. How information system capability affects e-business information
technology strategy implementation: An empirical study in Taiwan. Business Process
Management Journal. 18(2). pp.197-218.
Online
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Types of Information Systems in an Organization. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<http://smallbusiness.chron.com/types-information-systems-organization-43097.html>.
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