Business Process and Data Analysis Final Assignment Student Name: CIS7026

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A major business tour organization or company based in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom is Schiphol Travel International. They provide their clients and customers with 5-star service. It is owned by the State of the Netherlands which has a majority equity stake of roughly (69.77%) followed by the Government of Amsterdam with a partnership of around (20.03%), the ADP Group with a stake of 8.0% and the Government of Rotterdam with a stake of 2.2%. But due to the COVID-19 and the Brexit, the impact on this industry is quite disgraceful (Schiphol travel international). 

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CIS7026
Business Process and Data Analysis
Business Analysis Final Assignment
Student Name:
Student ID:
Lecturer Name:

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Table of Contents
Part A...............................................................................................................................................3
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................3
Introduction..................................................................................................................................3
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................4
Justification..................................................................................................................................4
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................5
Strategy analysis..........................................................................................................................5
Resource for Audit.......................................................................................................................6
Investigation situation..................................................................................................................8
Rich picture..................................................................................................................................8
Context diagram...........................................................................................................................9
Consider Perspective.................................................................................................................10
CATWOE analysis....................................................................................................................10
Analyze needs............................................................................................................................11
Use case diagrams......................................................................................................................12
Define Requirement...................................................................................................................13
DFD level 0 & 1........................................................................................................................14
Task 4.............................................................................................................................................15
Recommendations and observations..........................................................................................15
Task 5.............................................................................................................................................17
Critical Evaluation.....................................................................................................................17
Part B.............................................................................................................................................19
Introduction....................................................................................................................................19
Business Insights...........................................................................................................................20
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Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................25
Reference.......................................................................................................................................26
List of Figure
Figure 1: PESTEL Model................................................................................................................5
Figure 2: Process of resource audit..................................................................................................7
Figure 3: Human Resource for Audit..............................................................................................7
Figure 4: Rich Picture of Schiphol Travel International.................................................................8
Figure 5: Context diagram of Schiphol Travel International...........................................................9
Figure 6: Power grid interest of Schiphol Travel International.....................................................10
Figure 7: Use case of Schiphol Travel International.....................................................................11
Figure 8: Decision tree of Schiphol Travel International..............................................................12
Figure 9: DFD Level 0 Schiphol Travel International...................................................................13
Figure 10: DFD level 1 Schiphol Travel International..................................................................13
Figure 11: Class diagram of Schiphol Travel International...........................................................14
Figure 12: Sequence Diagram of Schiphol Travel International...................................................15
Figure 13: Example of flight reduction in Europe.........................................................................16
Figure 14: Overall Life Expectancy..............................................................................................20
Figure 15: Life Expectancy based on the year...............................................................................20
Figure 16: Animated Version of the Life Expectancy...................................................................21
Figure 17: Life Expectancy for the European Region...................................................................21
Figure 18: Animated Version of the Life Expectancy...................................................................22
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Part A
Task 1
Introduction
Schiphol travel international is one of the largest types of business tours and travel companies or
organizations that was founded in the European country of Netherlands and also in the UK. This
company provides 5-star services to their customers and client. This is one of the most
comprehensive online tools that take guarantee to give the best services at the best and affordable
price. The income of this company in the year 2018 was around €285 million and total assets are
around €7.354 billion. This organization is owned by in partnership with the State of the
Netherlands is around (69.77%) the Government of Amsterdam that having partnership around
(20.03%), the Groupe of ADP is (8.0%) and the Government of Rotterdam having (2.2%
partnership. But due to the COVID-19 and the Brexit impact on this industry is quite disgraceful
(Schiphol travel international 2022).
Due to this global crisis of COVID-19 and Brexit, more than 100 million direct tourism jobs and
employments are at big risk, and also it has a long impact on the economy of this industry, their
livelihood, all the public services, and opportunity. Due to the COVID-19 effect, the supply
chain of Schiphol travel international company was also being affected. In some other countries,
the sudden fall in tourism cut off all the funding for biodiversity conservation. Some of 7% of the
entire world tourism were also being related to the wildlife’s, as the segments were kept growing
by the 3% per year. This result reveals that all the tourists and clients of the company cancelled
their trip and tours service and because of that company face high economic crisis. For 2 years’
all the hotels, public gardens, hills Station, flights, and all the transportation facilities were
stopped due to the COVID-19 and Brexit effects at a global level (Schiphol travel international
2022).
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Task 2
Justification
To manage all the issues and challenges that were faced by the Schiphol travel international tours
and travel management company due to the COVID-19 and Brexit impact, the company thinks to
use the PESTLE analysis method to solve all the issues and challenges. A PESTLE analysis is
the strategic planning method that helps to minimize all the possible business risk and threats
This tool or method were used to gain small or macro pictures of an industry environment. The
term PESTLE stands for, political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental
factors. This tool allows the Schiphol travel international company to create a reputed impression
of all the factors that may impact their business or the new industry. In that, some of the factors
will be important that is according to the type of business and it also helps to identify and
mitigate all the possible risk factors of the SWOT analysis (Lib guides 2021).
This tool of strategic planning method has some benefits because this company uses this analysis
tool to solve all the threats and risks that were created by the COVID-19 and Brexit issue. These
benefits or advantages are cost-effective which means the implementation of this tool in any
organization take less cost, it also helps to provide or supply a deep and broad understanding of
business and how to increase the overall business performance and revenues or profits rates, this
method also has the capability to the alertness of attacks and threats on the business process and
the supply chain that help to decrease the probability of risk effective on travel and tour services
providing industry or organization. The last and most important and useful benefit of this tool or
method is, it can help to study all the external environments opportunities that can be found to
the strengthen business model (Frue 2017).
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Task 3
Strategy analysis
PESTEL business analysis model is used by Schiphol Travel International to analyze the activity
of the travel business. This is the form of PEST analysis that consider 6 factors for crucial
business are:
Political
Economic
Sociocultural
Technological
Environmental
Legal
Figure 1: PESTEL Model
Political: This factor affected the business of travel company which includes the policy of
trading, regulation of workforce and many legislations of government. If the company wants
to stay business along with the law-bound then these factors of political are important.
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Schiphol
Travel
International
pestal analysis
Political
Economic
Sociocultural
Technological
Environmental
Legal
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Economic: this factor affects the economy of business in that it operates the factors
individually like Domestic product gross, rate of exchange, and inflation. The factor of
economic affect all business sorts but this is a most important factor for finance of the
company.
Sociocultural: The factor of sociocultural is affected the business of travel company because
sometimes it also called the factor of sociality which is connected with the culture and
society at the available area.
Technological: This factor affected the business of travel companies that involves the update
of new technology like robotics along with the infrastructure prevalence for slightly older
ones.
Environmental: This factor of business is affected at a significant level ever of a travel
company which considers the tool that is taking on the earth planet. The various factor of the
environment is somehow is connected with global warming like the change in climate,
increment in pollution, and in the supply of resources which is natural.
Legal: This factor affected the business of travel companies at very often overlap along with
the factor of political. It also makes the acronym of PESTEL which is easier to read and so it
is worth mentioning. This involves the consumer, copyright, and trade that is connected with
the decision of political.
The model of PESTEL provides Schiphol Travel International full insight into the factor of
business which can affect the given business, market, venture, and company. In actuality, the
model of PESTEL forces the company to think about the affected factor of business. This is
valuable because it allows the company to find out the decision before implementation and
optimization in the strategy of company business. This means is the wastage of money is less and
also able to earn more profit. This helps to analyze the complete market as it is an individual
business and the company also used this model for better understanding and planning of every
market individually.
Resource for Audit
An audit is conducted to get to know about the weakness and strengths of Schiphol Travel
International which is a resource-based company is called the audit resource. The capability can
be understood from the audit of the resource (Accountlearning 2016).
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Figure 2: Process of resource audit
(Source: Freemanagementbooks 2015)
This audit helps travel company to identify the resources for audit which is available for
business.
Some it might be owned like machinery, the outlet of retail, and plant. Whereas others might
be obtained from suppliers, joint ventures, and partnerships.
The resource of finance includes the Schiphol Travel International financial assets that
involve the raising ability by the credit of finance.
The resource of physical includes the equipment and building that might be either leased or
owned.
Resources of human are including both temporary and permanent staff.
Figure 3: Human Resource for Audit
(Source: Freemanagementbooks 2015)
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The reflection reputation includes how’s the company is perceived at the level of the market.
Also, able to know how is intellectual property enables the functions of Schiphol Travel
International.
Investigation situation
Figure 4: Rich Picture of Schiphol Travel International
Rich picture
The Rich pictures are the type of pictorial representations of their environmental or the entire
social systems. This type of can helps the Schiphol travel international organize to take complex
situations and also able to identify all the possible underlying problems by counting all the
required relevant elements and also the possible stakeholders of their working or non-working
system. Any technique may be used in drawing a rich picture, and they may be used in any
situation, regardless of its complexity or the initial level of understanding of the problem. When
they were done as the part of a participating type of planning approach, the representation of the
rich pictures can also be a useful tool or method for encouraging discussion, the interaction, and
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also for the attaining of a holistic sympathetic of their business system by involving the
stakeholder's interests. this risk picture also helps to describe the entire workings of the Schiphol
travel international systems into one picture (SSWM 2021).
Figure 5: Context diagram of Schiphol Travel International
Context diagram
This type of context diagram or picture try to help a Schiphol travel international organization to
find out or identify all the possible interfaces that they need to use an account for, it also helps an
organization or any system to identify their scope, to identify their potential stakeholders, and
also help to build a better or broad understanding of the context in which they want to work for.
This type of context diagram is also DFD or data flow diagram.
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Consider Perspective
Figure 6: Power grid interest of Schiphol Travel International
CATWOE analysis
This analysis is used to find out and to solve the problem of business which often includes
conflicting and various interests. Considering every standpoint and perspective along with it this
also offers an ethical framework for the approach of problem-solving. As this analysis, Schiphol
Travel International can be done on existing process and system to analyze the COVID 19 and
Brexit effect.
Table 1: CATWOE Analysis
CATWOE Analysis
Customer This is the customer of Schiphol Travel International. Its Stakeholder and users of the
system. Customers of Schiphol Travel International are couples, families, and business
persons. This is the first process that is used to identify the customer and also
understand them as to how the system and process of the company influence them.
Actor This is the employee of the company who is responsible for the process of
transformation that is happening. This is the person in Schiphol Travel International are
administrator and travel agent. In this, the administrator has the responsibility to carry
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out the work and is also involved in the system changes implementation.
Process of
transformation
The transformation is the updating in the process and system leads to. This is the
process in which the input is transformed from the Schiphol Travel International within
the output like the final solution of the problem.
World view This is completely dependent on the big picture and take it as the various interested
customer and also stakeholders by the surrounding of Schiphol Travel International and
influence as they can have. This is the most important step of CATWOE analysis. The
stakeholder has various approaches for the same issue along with another interest. This
analysis aims to make it various explicit viewpoints.
Owner This is reflected by the owner of Schiphol Travel Internationalis the one who will
provide events and deny permission to change the route approach or process of braking.
Environmenta
l Constraints
The constraint of the environment will significantly influence the new approach of
Schiphol Travel International that’s why need to think about the law which is made by
the government, the condition of weather, etc.(Toolshero 2017)
Analyze needs
Figure 7: Use case of Schiphol Travel International
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Use case diagrams
This is the use case diagram of the Schiphol travel international process systems. In which all the
processes were accessed by the users and the admin department of the organization. In which the
owner of the travel and tour companies can easily collect all the information and data of their
customer who is interested to book their trips from the Schiphol travel international
organizations system. The travels can easily book their hotels rooms and flight tickets as per their
requirements in an easier manner. the use case diagram gives a clear picture of all the processes
of the system and who can excess those processes or services by easily sending requests to the
technical team or the admin of this system (Tutorial point 2021).
Figure 8: Decision tree of Schiphol Travel International
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Define Requirement
Figure 9: DFD Level 0 Schiphol Travel International
Figure 10: DFD level 1 Schiphol Travel International
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DFD level 0 & 1
The DFD level 0 and 1 diagram is the type of data flow diagram of level 0 is the advance or
more extended version of the context diagram that was shown in figure 1. The DFD level is the
graphical representation of the flow of data between one process to the other process through the
information system by modeling its process aspects. A DFD is also tried to offer as the
preliminary step to create an overview of the entire system without going into great detail. The
Data flow type of diagrams is the type of diagramming of the three vital viewpoints of the
structured-systems analysis and also the design method 0f the SSADM. These data flow
diagrams show the two-way data flow of the Schiphol travel international system to all the
processes of this organization that were impacted because of the COVID-19 impact.
Figure 11: Class diagram of Schiphol Travel International
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Figure 12: Sequence Diagram of Schiphol Travel International
Task 4
Recommendations and observations
The COVID-19 and the Brexit have brought the momentum of the tour and traveling industry to
a halt. While in the recent headlines for example the traveling from one country to another
country was banned and that has a major impact on the economy of travel and tours services
providers companies like Schiphol travel internationally. Apart from this due to the covid 19
impact all the major events and sports events were cancellations that make the progress or seems
like a little thing of distant posts, it is quite significant to keep in mind that all the industries
where being healthy and the shattering records before the pandemics hit, here are some strategic
planning that can help to fight against the impact of COVID-19 and Brexit influence on the
travel and tour business rate of Schiphol travel international company (Publicis sapient 2021).
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Figure 13: Example of flight reduction in Europe
Source -(Publicis sapient 2021)
Try to engage your customers clients to stay top of the mind or priority list:
While many other tours and travel companies are trying to cutting their budgets to preserve the
cash amount, that they might forget that marketing is the most and impactful factor to gats their
customer even in the time of the pandemic. So, this most simple and useful strategy is
marketing to engage with your clients and customers to stay on the top of mind (Publicis
sapient 2021).
Try to be on streamline and digitalize your contact Centre:
The Schiphol travel international company knows that their customers or guests are coming all
around the world that are being shifted and cancelling their travel deal. To deal with that the
research teams' business transformation publics found that in the third week of March 2020, the
average waiting time for their customers was over two hours (Publicis sapient 2021).
Use Re-evaluating of your competitive landscapes:
The third recommendation for this organization to fight against COVID-19 impact on their
business is, they need to Re-evaluation and re-calculate their competitive landscapes. While
entering or coming into the new markets trends they were required to get brief Understanding
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and attract new customers, there is a wealth of data that allows companies to analyze their
customer behavior, find or identify all the possible rights of prospects, and also look for the
signals that help to identify when all the travel company is ready to picking back up from the
booking location (Publicis sapient 2021).
Always try to bring wellness and health to forefronts that were through the contactless
technologies:
The health and the wellness type of practices that will no longer be a nice-to-have kind into a
post-of the COVID-19 in overall the world. All the travelers that will expect the higher
standards that help to make sure or ensure that there was well-being, and also the digital tools
that will enable and also the expand existing of “no-touch” kind of options (Publicis sapient
2021).
Task 5
Critical Evaluation
This portion of the report needs to cover the evaluation part of why the PESTEL analysis tool is
perfectly fit for the Schiphol travel international company how are suffering from the impact of
COVID-19 and the Brexit pandemic. A PESTLE analysis method or the tool that was used by all
the marketing companies and tools and travels companies to find out any type of macro-
environmental factors that can have a huge impact on the business and the organization that is
working with it. A method of PESTEL analysis plays a very important role and the reason is that
it helps to give you a valid view of your working environment from the role of important angles
that may be disturbed or affected by your work type or services type that was provided by the
organization (Wallace 2021).
This method is quite effective for More than just understanding the trend of the market, into the
PESTEL analysis is the main part or we can say that is it is the backbone that was not only able
to define what are a company of Schiphol travel international should or shouldn’t do but that also
try to hold an organization in an accountable manner to hold its goals and their respective values.
In fact, on many other types of studies that have to be proven to that type of organizations
(Schiphol travel international) that are quicker to find out the or identify and also make sensible
respond to all the possible changes in their respective environment that are also those kinds of
people who take their service’s advantage of all type of the market and also who to differentiate
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from their rivalry point of view. The PESTLE analysis also helps Schiphol travel internationally
to look into all the important possible factors that might be influenced or affected by the success
rate or the failure rate of all your business types. The PESTEL is kind of an acronym word that
includes all the following factors (the Political, the Economic, the Social and also the cultural,
the Technological, the Environment. and also, the Legal) (Wallace 2021).
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Part B
Introduction
World development indicators are defined by the world bank and the international partners
which help in producing 6 different types of the database including the world view, environment,
people, economy global linkages, and states and markets. Furthermore, there are various series of
statistics including in this which consist of the International debt statistics, development of the
millennium indicators, educational statistics as well as gender-based statistics. Thus, taking on
this data, the following report illustrates the life expectancy of the various countries in
association with the various factors as shown below (Eui, 2021).
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Business Insights
The analysis was done with the help of the python code in which the data was firstly read and
then analyzed to produce the graph which is shown in the below diagrams.
The first graph illustrates the overall life expectancy of the given data
Figure 14: Overall Life Expectancy
The second graph showcase the life expectancy based on the year as shown in the below graph
Figure 15: Life Expectancy based on the year
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The below graph showcase the animated version of the life expectancy based on the various
courtiers as shown in the below graph over the years
Figure 16: Animated Version of the Life Expectancy
The below graph showcase the life expectancy for the Europe region
Figure 17: Life Expectancy for the European Region
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The below graph showcase the animated version of the life expectancy for the Europe region as
shown in the below graph over the years
Figure 18: Animated Version of the Life Expectancy
The analysis of the life expectancy is the most used indicators of the summary for determining
the health of the population as it helps in determining the health policies and also help the
researcher to identify the various risk factors as well as for doing the forecast of the future
developments. The most common use of the life expectancy analysis is for the assumption which
helps in showcasing the conditions of the mortality for the certain years as well as overall. This is
based on the observed age death rates set which is represented by the number of people who died
in the certain year and the age group of the people which is get divided by the number of people
who are alive for that specific year (Luy, et. al., 2020).
The first graph represents that the central tendency of overall life expectancy which is given as
below:
Minimum – 8.11
First quartile – 32
Median – 41.88
Third quartile 66.83
Maximum – 83.94
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Which means that overall the minimum age at which the most of deaths occurred is around 8 and
maximum age at which most of the death occurred is around 83 to 84 also the median of the life
expectancy is around 42 which means most of the people live up to this age. The first and third
quartile is at the age 32 and around 66 to 67.
The second graph represents the life expectancy for the different countries which is illustrated in
the following order based on the highest to lowest from the year 1800 to 2000
1. Japan
2. Canada
3. Brazil
4. China
5. Italy
6. United Kingdom
7. Mexico
8. Australia
9. France
10. Germany
11. Russia
12. Italy
13. India
14. Spain
15. Switzerland
16. United States
The third graph represents the animated version of all these countries which is represented by the
different colours as seen in the graph and from the graph the life expectancy can be seen for all
the years between the year 1800 to 2000
The fourth graph represents the life expectancy for the Europe region in for the year 2016 in
which Switzerland which had the life expectancy of 83.18, then France with 82.34, then United
Kingdom with 80.9, then Germany with 80.93.
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The fifth graph represents the animated version of all the countries based in the Europe region
which is represented by the different colours as seen in the graph and from the graph the life
expectancy can be seen for all the years between the years 1800 to 2000
The use of this analysis is generally done for making the assumptions which helps in reflecting
the conditions of the mortality condition over the year and what cause the certain number of
death for specific year. This also have affect on the current mortality rate for the specific
countries as well. However, there are various influences on the analysis which is mainly divided
in the three parts including the cohort effects, tempo effects and heterogeneity effects and all of
the effects have significant impact on the analysis of PLE. Thus, these biases should be
considered while performing the analysis of the life expectancy (Roser, 2019).
From the above performed analysis, it can be stated that the Japan has the highest life expectancy
which can be because of the various factors such as their lifestyle, food habits, how they spend
their day and many more factors like these and thus, the countries which has the low life
expectancy can adopt these factors in their country in order to increase the life expectancy of
their population as the high expectancy is directly linked with the capabilities of the people
living in their country by living the healthy life.
In the G7 countries, Japan has the highest expectancy of the life based on the data collected by
the OECD in the year 2016 especially for women. It has been stated that the Japanese men has
the more life expectancy then Canadian man and in this comparison US men has the lowest
expectancy which can be because of the various factors like unhealthy lifestyle, obesity which is
major cause of the heart diseases and different types of cancers. Thus, it is important to adopt
health lifestyle to avoid all these issues (Juneau, 2021).
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Conclusion
The above presented analysis of the life expectancy can be used in the various way such as
finding the factors of low life expectancy of the countries and taking the factors of the high life
countries from the countries like Japan and Canada and implement in such countries to propmote
the healthy life expectancy. This is important as the life expectancy of the population has the
direct impact on the development of the country and it is one of the most important indicator of
the world development.
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Reference
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