Impact of Environment on Company - Business Strategy
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This report analyzes the impact of macro environment on IKEA and its business strategies. It also evaluates the internal environment of the organization and applies Porter's five forces framework for the market sector.
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BUSINESS STRATEGY
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................3 TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................3 Impact of environment on company...................................................................................................3 TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................6 Evaluation of internal environment.....................................................................................................6 TASK 3.....................................................................................................................................................11 Porters five forces framework...........................................................................................................11 TASK 4.....................................................................................................................................................14 Strategic Management plan...............................................................................................................14 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................................16 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................17
INTRODUCTION Business strategy is defined as formulation of various tactics and business plan in order to achieve the business objectives of the company. Business strategies help to utilize and perceive opportunities. The purpose is to mobilize the resources and secure an advantageous position. The report is based on IKEA. It is retail industry. It is founded on 28 July in the year 1943. The founder of IKEA is Ingvar Kamprad. The headquarters of the firm are situated in Delft in Netherlands. It deals in the products such as ready to assemble furniture, food products, kitchen appliances and home ware. The report will analyzed the impact of macro environment in organization by usingpestleanalysisandonitsbusinessstrategies.Itwillassesstheinternal environment of organization through VRIO model and SWOT analysis. It will apply the Porters five forces model for the market sector. Based on porters five forces framework it will evaluate Ansoff matrix for producing strategic directions. TASK 1 Impact of environment on company Vision- IKEA vision is to provide well designed and diverse range of home furnishing products to the customers. These products they are tend to provide at economic processes for ensuring affordable and accessible products to everyone. Mission- Mission statement of IKEA tells that their business idea is form to support their vision statement by offering well designed products in a wide range. These home furnishings products are offered in less price so that many people can afford them. Pestle Analysis Pestle analysis of IKEA helps to gather detailed information about their external environment. This helps the IKEA to formulate its business strategies. Thus, the Pestle analysis of IKEA is done as follows -
Political- The firm has impact of controversies which are done in political grounds. The company has accepted that its products are produced by political prisoners of East Germany in the year 2012. This impacts a lot on the global image of the firm. In addition the IKEA has allegations that its founder is active recruiter of Swedish Nazi group.The degree of corruption in various markets where IKEA is operating can influence their brand image as well as it is a restriction for the firm expansion (Bentley-Goode, Newton and Thompson, 2017). The import restrictions in various countries can influence the international market of the company. IKEA also has spent less on lobbying, as per the researchthecompany beinga largest furniture retailer spends only $40k on the lobbying activities. While the other companies in similar size spend a lot on lobbying. Economical- The financial and economic crisis in the year 2007 has a huge impact on the consumer spending. Although the IKEA is able to cope up with this situation by using cost leadership strategy. The company has to eliminate about 5000 jobs but the sales are dropped only by 1% in the year 2009. Changes in currency exchange rate have direct influence on company's profitability. These fluctuations are between USD and EUR. Interest rate fluctuations also impact on sales of the company. High rates of raw materials results in increased production cost. Technological- IKEA is investing highly in improving their technology. They are using software’s such as Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in order to transform their sales. The company is also using data analytics in order to improve the customer experience in retail sector. The company also maintains their data on its official website through which the customers are able to view the online catalogues. The company is also embracing the technology to maintain better network with its distributors and suppliers.TechnologylikeCognitiveintelligenceandartificialintelligencearealso helpfulfor theretailers of thecompany tobetterunderstandthebehavior of the customers. Legal- IKEA is facing criticism because of tax evasion in multiple countries from where they are operating. The laws and regulations of various countries are impacting the business of IKEA. There are barriers to entry in different countries. The company is abiding by the legislation of various countries (Bıçakcıoğlu, Theoharakis and Tanyeri,
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2019). There is also influence of labor laws while doing business in various countries across the global. Environmental- The IKEA is focusing on social and sustainability responsibility as in countries like US and UK there is rules and regulations related to sustainability. IKEA is also bound to do investment in renewable energy due to strict environmental issues. The company is also focused on making better use of energy and raw materials. Thus, it helps to keep the costs down of the company. This also leads the company to reach its green targets. Through maintaining sustainability the brand image of the company also gets improved among the customers. Stakeholders Analysis Shareholders analysis refers to identifying the people which are internally working in organization.Itisusedtogroupthemaspertheirparticipationlevelbeforethe beginningofanyproject.Ithelpstodeterminehowtocommunicatewiththe stakeholders groups in efficient manner. The Stakeholders of IKEA are the employees, customers, suppliers, distributors and investors (Amran, Ooi and Hashim, 2016). The stakeholders of IKEA are divided into four categories namely, high interested, high power, less interested and low power. Thus, IKEA use various strategies to manage each of them properly. For example, the Stakeholders whom have high interests and high power are the players for the company. The business manager work is to pay more attention towards such type of stakeholders. These stakeholders have ability to take important decisions in context to company. Investors are somehow owners to the company as they spend high amount of capital in the business. Thus, they have given high interest and high power. Distributors are responsible to supply the goods of IKEA to various retailers; if they are not present then the company is unable to supply their end products to the customers. Thus, they have benefited with high power and they have low interest. A customershowshighinterestbutthereispowerislowascomparetoother stakeholdersofthecompany.Employeesarejustperformingtheirdutyforthe
company. Thus they show low interest and also have low power. Employees of IKEA doesn't involved in strategic decision making of the company. Stakeholder’s matrix TASK 2 Evaluation of internal environment RBV framework Resource based view is a type of managerial framework that helps to determine strategic resources of the company in order to exploit them for achieving competitive advantage on sustainable manner (Yuliansyah, Rammal and Rose, 2016). It helps to give a perspective about why an organization failed or succeed. The RBV also put emphasis on capabilities and resources which are present within in the company for developing the sustainable competitive edge. It allows the firm to develop new products and also helps in expansion of business. Competitive advantage take place when their situation of resource heterogeneity or immobility. Resource based view of IKEA
IKEA is able to select the feasible position while doing delivery of the products. The warehouses of IKEA are also smartly located in various sectors so that the firm is able tocontrolitsactivitiesatgreaterlevel.Thisstrategyishelpfulforanalyzingthe resources deployment, their queue times and processing time for performing various actions in the business.Resources are detailed and applied in applicable working schedules by stimulating them at greater level. VRIO Model VRIO model is sub section of resource based view that helps to examine the internal characteristics and performance of company. It supports a framework that is more focused on competitive advantage rather than analysis competitive environment (VRIO: From Firm Resources to Competitive Advantage, 2016). Thus, its key concepts are sustainable competitive advantage and firm resources. The resources of the firm are defined as organizational process, assets capabilities, information and attributes that are controlled by the IKEA to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. Valuable- VRIO, V stands for valuable resources. The resources can said as valuable when they enable the company to implement the strategies in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of organization. Rare- The Company’s who have acquired rare resources are termed as rare. These resources are not available to every company (Yuan, Lu and Yu, 2018). The firm can take competitive advantage if they have valuable and rare resources available. Inimitable- The resources should be costly and hard to be substitute or imitate. The resources can termed as imperfectly imitable by combing the three reasons. First one is uniquehistoricalconditions,secondiscasualambiguityandthirdoneissocial complexity. Organization- The resources are unable to create any of the advantage if the company doesn't perform in organized manner. To exploit the resources adequately it is crucial to capture the value. Thus, the company needs to focus on their capabilities in order to coordinate and assemble the resources of the business.
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Figure1VRIO Model (Source: VRIO: From Firm Resources to Competitive Advantage, 2016) VRIO analysis of IKEA ValuableRareInimitableOrganization applicability YesYesNoYes Thisallowsthe IKEAtotake competitiveedge becauseitis differentfromits competitors.The IKEA do innovation intheirbusiness modelwhichhelps IKEAuseeasy processesintheir business.They manageitina uniquewaywhich differentthemfrom its competitors. This israreforthe customers to find a IKEA is not able to discoverthe resources which are inimitable (Soltanizadeh, RasidandIsmail, 2016).The competitors are way aheadtoputthe IKEA is established in the market for the longtime.Ithas strongbrandvalue amongthe customers.Thus, thecompanyis recognizedamong thevarious
themforproducing democraticdesign. Theyalsodrive innovationintheir value chain. good combination in termsofquality, designandprice. Thecustomers cannot find both the three combination at some another store. right combination of time,skills, corporateculture and money which is imitable for the long run. countriesallover theglobe.The companyis managedinhyper dynamicconditions andalsoneedto managevarious cultures around the globe.Some culturesarenot willing to work with IKEA or don’t want toparticipatein valuechain,even thoughtheIKEA managed them well. Forexample,IKEA getsucceedto manage the culture with Saudi Arabia. SWOT analysis of IKEA Strengths It has a strong Global brand which attracts the key consumer groups and the companypromisessamequalityandrangeforeachandeverycustomer worldwide. The Vision and Mission of the company is clear and attractive that is, "to create a better everyday life for many people".
The company is based on offering wide range of well designed, functional products at the lowest possible prices which attracts each and every consumer group. The company has a democratic design that is reaching an ideal balance between function, quality, design and price. IKEA's cost consciousness is the one of the biggest strength of the company. Weaknesses The size and scale of its global business is too short but is as standard heights thus, it is hard to control standards and quality (Leonidou, Christodoulides and Palihawadana, 2017). The need for low cost products is also a weakness because the company needs to balance against producing good quality and producing at the lowest possible price. The company needs to keep good communication with its consumers and other stakeholders about its environmental issues but the scale of business operation makes it too difficult. Opportunities The growing demand for greener products makes it a competitive advantage for the IKEA Company. Also the growing demand for low price products and the trends in the current financial system mainly result in consumer attractiveness towards the business unit. The developing social responsibility of the IKEA company and its support for charitiesmakesgoodwillofthecompanyandthusisbeneficialinformof opportunity. Threats The changing social trends such as the slowdown in buyers due to change in social believes make it for the company in a core market segment.
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The change in market forces that are unfavorable for the firm and are more favorable for the competitors entering the low price household and furnishings market. The company also needs to apply unique qualities to compete with these market forces. The changing economic factors such as the recession rate have slowed down consumer spending and disposable income is being reduced (Habib and Hasan, 2017) TASK 3 Porters five forces framework Porter's five forces model for IKEA 1. Bargaining power of suppliers- The bargaining power of the suppliers of IKEA is low and the number of suppliers is large and there is small sized and weak financial position which does not allow them to do so. The company can easily change its supplier to another whereas if a supplier loses the business, so it will be a difficult situation for the company (Porter’s five forces analysis, 2019). As a result area the company needs to set the rules for its suppliers that they must follow. IKEA has launched a code of conduct for its suppliers that are known as IWAY. 2. Threat from substitute products- The threat from substitute products for IKEA Company is low. The company has several factors that minimize this threat. One of them is goodwill. From a number of years the company has built a good public image whichmaintainstrustbetweenthecustomersandthecompany.Thecompany's affordable pricing strategy and customer service also helps in minimizing the threat from substitute products. Still, the most important factor is the availability of warehouses. 3. Threat from New entrants- The threat of new entrants entering the market and the fear of stealing market share is most of the time low. New brands can enter only ina smaller scale of market. So they will not have any major effect on the business of IKEA. There are several big firms engaged in the business of home furnishing, and they need a lot of time and investment to grow. If a new brand enters the market, it will take time,
efforts as well as investment to grow into a large scale will only be able to grab less share in the market. Figure2Porters Five forces Model (Source: Porter’s five forces analysis, 2019) 4.Bargainingpowerofbuyers-Thebargainingpowerofindividualbuyersis insufficient in case of IKEA, as in a group they hold some sufficient customers by which there is so much focus on attracting and retaining the customers (Ghemawat, 2016). All the customers in the market have grown more rapidly from past years. Apart from that increased competition, technological growth has brought this change in the market. IKEA also focuses only on marketing and promotion. 5. Level of competitive rivalry- The level of competitive rivalry in the home furnishing is between moderate to high. The rivalry in the market share is not as high as in several other fields of business, but still IKEA is in a huge number of competitors. Apart from the home furnishing companies that directly with IKEA are the super markets and brand stores. These also sell home furnishing products and give a strong competition are threat to IKEA.
Producing strategic decision with the help of Ansoff’s Matrix AnsoffMatrixisreferredasplanningmodelofmarketingwhichhelpsto determine the market and product strategy of IKEA. As per the Ansoff matrix there are four strategic options which are available for the company is market penetration, market development, diversification and product development. Market Penetration- This refer as selling of existing products in the market. The markets in which these products are sale are already established on earlier basis (Razak, Pangil. and Asnawi, 2016). IKEA use this marketing strategy effectively in their business.Forexample,IKEAusecataloguesforincreasingthefurnitureretailer. Instrumental role is played by the IKEA catalogues for improving the efficient of market penetration. Market development- This refers as development of new product in order to sale it in existing market. Growth Strategy of the company is product development. IKEA is able to gain competitive advantage by developing and introducing a new product in the market. The home furnishings range of IKEA is tend to produce 2500 new products on yearly basis. The IKEA purchase some of the products from the suppliers and the rest of them are developed in company. Market Development- It refers to find a new market to sales the existing products (Cubas‐Díaz, and Martinez Sedano, 2018). This can be termed as expansion of the IKEA business. The company is highly engaged in developing new markets in order to boost the sale of their existing products. The IKEA currently operates from 422 stores in fifty markets across the world. The company is planning to enter more into developing countries to fulfill their medium and short term perspective. Diversification- This involves selling of new product in entirely new markets. The risk of diversification is generally high. For example, IKEA has done diversification by opening the restaurants in their furniture retail shops. The furniture retailers have expanded their business by opening the food restaurants in their stores. The furniture retailer has used cost advantage strategy and no-frills strategy in their business.
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TASK 4 Strategic Management plan Porter’s generic strategies in order to create strategic plan Cost and price leadership strategy- It is a strategy which establishes a competitive advantage for the firm by having the lowest cost of operation and lowest selling prices in the industry. Cost as price leadership strategy is often done by company efficiency, size, scale, scope, and cumulative experience (Olson, Slater and Olson, 2018). The IKEA company can also succeed through cost and price leadership strategy as Walmart company has also succeed with the same strategy and is one of the best in the market. The company can cut down on excesses or can reduce unnecessary or overlapping activities, thus they will be able to provide the customers with quality products at low prices. Differentiation strategy- It is a strategy which aims at distinguishing a product or service forms other similar products, offered by the competitors in the market. It aims at developing a product in such a way that it looks unique and different from others and caneasilybeidentifiedbythecustomers.TheIKEACompanyisalsodoing manufacturingofitsproductsinsuchaswaythatitlooksdifferentandunique. Differentiation strategy is the key to successful marketing, competing and developing yoursustainablecompetitiveadvantage.Thecompanycantakeacompetitive advantage against its competitive rivalry because of its brand loyalty by its customers. Extended model of Bowman's clock- Bowman's strategic clock is a model that explores the various options for strategic positioning. It analyses how a product should be positioned to give it the most competitive position in the market (Park and Mithas, 2020). The IKEA Company can do this strategy with the main purpose of analyzing how to position a product based on two dimensions. The first dimension is price and the second one is perceived value.This strategy will basically help the IKEA Company to illustrate the method for better positioning of the business. Tool Management that can use to apply these strategies
Hybrid strategy- It is a strategy which seeks simultaneously to achieve Differentiation and low price relative to competitors. The main aim of this strategy is to deliver enhanced benefits with low prices.This strategy also helps in achievement of sufficient margins for reinvestment (Oldman and Tomkins, 2018). The IKEA Company can also do this strategy by doing both Differentiation strategy and cost strategy. The Hybrid strategy is also known as the combination of the two as it is derived by the end results of the both strategies. This strategy works with Differentiation of the product of the businessunitfromothers,andsellingtheproductsatthelowestpriceand manufacturing that product also at lowest possible price. Diversification- This is a strategy which is opting by thebusiness units for its diversification anddevelopment. This strategy involves widening the scopeof the organization across different products and market sectors. This strategy is mainly for the firms who want to enter into a new market or industry which the organization is no currently in. The IKEA Company can also do this strategy for entering into a new target market or increasing the current target market to various countries. The organization not only diversifies its products offering in the target market but also expands its business units. Vertical and horizontal integration- vertical and horizontal integration strategy is a competitive one in which a company takes complete control over one or more stages in the productionor distributionof a product (LimChalmers andHanlon, 2018). The companies like IKEA opts this strategy to ensure full control over the supply of the raw materials to manufacture its products. The integration is also done to keep an eye on the acquisition of business activities that are at same level of the value chain in similar or different industries. This strategy is mainly for integrating of control and acquisition of business activities of the same level.
CONCLUSION It has concluded from the above report that Business strategies are helpful for the company to take competitive advantage. To meet the challenges and reducing the threats of the business it is essential to formulate business strategies. It helps direct behavior and efforts towards the right path. It has been summarized thatthe Company provides low price product which only attract low income consumer groups and the company is unable to sell the products to high income groups. It has been determined that the rapid changes in technological environment are creatingahurdleinDiversificationofthebusinessunitascompetitorswilltake advantage of obsolescence of the firm's technology. It has been evaluate thatRBV is helpful in industrial organization which perspective relies on external factors that helps to determine profits and performance potential of a business.
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