Cancer Research UK: Ethical Practices, Public Policy, and Legislation

This report provides an overview of Cancer Research UK, a leading independent cancer research organization. It discusses the organization's aims, values, and ethical practices, including its commitment to integrity, respect, and inclusivity. The report also examines the organization's engagement wit...Read More

CANCER RESEARCH UK

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................3
Aim and purpose of The cancer research UK..............................................................................3
Organizational values and ethical practices.................................................................................4
Public policy and legislation........................................................................................................5
Two forms of identity in the Cancer Research United Kingdom ...............................................5
Evidence from other organizations developing key points .........................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Cancer research UK is world's largest independent cancer research organization. It is
registered as the charity in United Kingdom and Isle of man was formed on 4 February 2002 that
merger of The cancer research campaign and Imperial cancer research fund. This is also helped
the public in order to provide information and influence them regarding cancer and then it also
researches related to all the aspect that are work on the basis of 4,000 scientists, nurses and
doctors (Phillips, Smith and Lawrie, 2019.). According to the survey by consultancy Incite it has
been analysed that it is the most innovative and trustworthy charity of the world and it is also
known for non statutory organization that lead on the basis of almost entirely funded by public. It
also raise money by legacies, donations, events, community fundraising, corporate and retail
partnership.
This is of Cancer research UK is to reduce the numbers of deaths from cancer as the
world's largest independent cancer research charity ins order conducting research by prevention,
diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Also, the main purposes of the organizations is to leading
cancer research by saving lives with the helps of research that influence by information. It is
support regarding all the aspects regarding cancer and work over more than 4,000 scientists,
nurses and doctors (Banerji, Katugampola and Godfrey, 2018). The organizational structure is
non-profit organization and the major stakeholders of company are government, doctors,
patients, nurse etc. The aim of the report is to focus on value and ethical practices of the
organization on the basis of relevant public policy and legislation. Also, explaining two forms of
identity that are related to disability, age, gender etc. by approaching inequalities. Lastly,
discussing on evidence that is similar to key points of organization by support relevant theories.
MAIN BODY
Aim and purpose of The cancer research UK.
The aim of organizations is to bring forward the day when all the cancer patients are
cured, they fund scientist, nurses and doctors ins orders to helps and beat the cancers by
providing alls the information ins the public. In context organization more focus to deliver the
aim they want to survival in UK to be the best in the world also it is focusing on all the effective
that are need to work on for particular areas which will helps for preventing from cancer and
diagnose its earlier by developing new treatments and current treatment by personalizing them
ins order to makings its more effective (Gibb, Fields and Miall, 2021). The main purposes of the

organizations is to leading cancer research by saving lives with the helps of research that
influence by information. It is support regarding all the aspects regarding cancer and work over
more than 4,000 scientists, nurses and doctors. In the near future its is necessary to develop the
ideas for promoting the different aspect that help public in order to beat with cancer. Also, the
visions of the organization is to provide early treatment that are need by those public who are at
initial stage and need to be cured otherwise it may cause very badly. Then it helps to share the
beautiful life to people and progress equally (Zhou Atun and Maruthappu, 2018.). The cancer
research UK is more work on harnessing the powers of discovery by bring cancer too closes for
beating ins order to build the network for research that brilliantly placed the transformation by
unlocking new ways for prevention and diagnose to treat it. For the advance research it will help
to match academia with the help of commercial , investments and technical expertises needed for
progress from lab to clinic so that it can improve implementations an adoption of new
innovations by influencing people.
Organizational values and ethical practices
The value of the Cancer research UK is related to our people that helps for contribution
of all people that help them for reaching by full potential in order to treat them by kindness and
respect. Also, to working together is help fort collaborate and colleagues that bring different
skill and resources. According to the ethical practices it has been analysed that chosen company
is research by integrity in order to make the patients comfortable and provide all the treatments
by consider all the over professional practice in order to use the ethical principle that will not
affect the feeling of any person in regard to class, gender, dignity etc. They are also responsible
for resolving the ethical issue which affect in orders to make the charity at safer place (Griffiths,
Mitchell and Burnand, 2020.). Ethical execution are helps for operating all the activities and
research in regard to consider it better by completing the goal of the organization. Also, it helps
to use the policies and framework that are necessary for maintain the good relations with staff,
volunteers and governing bodies. By respecting dignity and respect of any individual regarding
their health is one of the best ethical that any organization can made in order to promote the
dignity and integrity by maintaining respect for theirs privacy that can impacts in other ways.
To using openness are affect the persons by promoting their culture and space where
donors are supporters ass well as wider public so that they can understand how they work and
deal with the problem in order to arise their fund to spend (O’Sullivan, Perera and Nicholson,

2018). Also, the practices is help for sharing all the informations with donors regarding future
plan are helps to create the positive relations in order to motivate others by dealing wits
transparency. Career research UK are responsible for creating the inclusive culture that does not
tolerate discriminatory, inappropriate, offensives and harmful behaviour towards the person who
are working with the organization as voluntary or permanent. So this is also managing the value
for encouraging public for managing values and invest by their own well-being a health.
Public policy and legislation
By increasing the issue regarding cancer can impact negatives in order to emerge the
public health in UK . Cancer research UK focused on using all the policies which are help to
provide knowledge regarding expansions and ageing and expansion of population that increased
prevalence of risk of cancer factors that can be affected in terms of obesity, smoking and
physical inactivity. Policy regarding clinical trial of all the diagnostic treatment are helps the
patient in order to provide quality of life that helps for reducing the disparities (Perera and
Nicholson, 2018.). Organization also focuses on federal funding for cancer research has
remained decade in order to increasings the funding by promoting more services. Further, it is
also using the best quality of care and providing all the relevant information regarding
motivating cancer people. All the charity and legislation can comply with The charities act 2011
in which that is replaced by charities act 2006 and charities act 1992 that is related to protection
and social investment act 2016 that strengthen more power of the charity commission (Guerrero,
Leone and Paz-y-Miño, 2018.). According to the charities act regarding (protection and social
investment 2016) it has been analysed that it is necessary to use this act in order to regulate all
the policies and framework that not affect the environment. Also, it helps the company by
influencing the central and local government or public opinion which is relating to issue
regarding the purposes of Charities. Cancer research UK help to resolve all the issues which can
be affect the environment by using some of the policy's framework.
Two forms of identity in the Cancer Research United Kingdom
Gender inequality
For the purpose of eradicating the major issue of gender inequality that was existing
within the Cancer research in United Kingdom, the organization has followed the theory of
Feminism in order to eliminate the gender inequality issue existing within the organization. The
Theory of feminism is used to analyse the inequalities related to the gender related issues within

the organization. The present theory states that no gender is higher than the other gender. Both
the men and the women are equal and should be treated as equal within a company by providing
them with equal opportunities. There are two groups of people, namely, Patriarchal and the
matriarchal. The Cancer Research has taken certain steps with respect to these:
 For the same reasons, the organization Cancer Research, United Kingdom pays same
amount salary to both the men and the women employed within the organization (Harris,
and Pamukcu, 2020). The Cancer research, united Kingdom states that both men and
women have their own rights to demand same salary for doing equal work within the
organization and also, the firm is also accountable towards the employees to provide
them with the same opportunities. This is an initiative taken by the management of the
Cancer Research, United Kingdom for the purpose of eliminating the gender inequality
within their organization.
 Another important approach used by the Cancer research, United Kingdom is providing
each and every individual that works within the organization with same training and
development programmes irrespective of their gender. This means that the organization
does not differentiate between the male employees and the female employees before
judging them with respect to their work. The organization specifically identifies the skills
that an individual within the company holds and then holds them responsible for the tasks
associated with their expertise and knowledge. This helps the organization in providing
equal opportunities to both the genders.
 The Management of the Cancer research, United Kingdom does not accept and kind of
chauvinist attitude within the male workforce of the organization. This states that the
organization does not entertain any behaviour from the workforce that ridicules,
humiliate or disrespects the capabilities of any other gender within the organization
(Hicken, and et.al 2018). By doing so, the organization sends a message to the
workforce hired within the organization that states if an individual is found to be doing
any kind of misconduct, inappropriate behaviour or disrespects the potential of an
individual, the company is going to take strict actions towards them. This puts a pressure
on the employees to behave in an appropriate manner and do not disrespect any other
individual with regard to their skills, potential or any other aspect.
Inequality on the basis of ethnicity

The Cancer research, United kingdom has taken certain steps with respect to elimination
of the cultural inequality that exists within the company. These steps have been taken with
reference to the Social Cognitive Theory as this theory states that humans learning new things,
and develops an understanding for different, culture , behaviours by observing the surrounding
individuals. The steps taken by the organization can be explained as follows:
 The Cancer Research, UK has determines the fact that there are several people that works
within the organization, and they are not same. They come from different places,
societies, cultures, castes, groups and ethnicities which affects the way they think,
responds, relates and understands a particular situation (Laine, and et.al 2020). The
acknowledgement of the fact that each and every individual that works within an
organization is different yet needs to be treated equally within the premises of the
company is one major factor that promotes cultural diversity within the company.
 Another approach used by the Cancer Research, United Kingdom is team collaboration.
The Cancer Research, United Kingdom tries to group the individuals into a formation of
a team by evaluating their skills, qualities, and behaviours and collaborate their efforts
towards achieving the organizational goals. The team collaboration helps individuals in
formulating a bonding and develop an understanding for the cultures, and values, of
other people of the organization. It also helps the individuals in learning new skills from
their colleagues and learn to develop skills such as empathy towards the culture of people
coming from different backgrounds.
Evidence from other organizations developing key points
There a number of organizations in United Kingdom that have taken actions with respect
to eradication of the inequality existing within the system of the organizations. These include:
AXA Health
The company AXA health has also implemented the use of certain actions within the
company in order to remove the inequalities related to the gender from the system. The AXA
Health ensures that each and every individual that is employed within the company is paid equal
payments by the management of the company irrespective of the age, class, gender, social status,
income group, or any other basis for that matter (Chouhan, and Nazroo, 2020). This helps the

organization in motivating them to work for themselves and for the benefit of the organization
and also improves the brand image in the eyes of the audience towards the company.
The AXA Health company also make sure that no employer or an individual holding a
senior position discriminates between the male employees with the female employees within the
company. They train them on the basis of their qualifications not on the basis of their gender
roles. This motivates the staff and engages them to work for the benefit of the company.
Similarly, the Bupa company has implemented certain actions within the management of
the organization that helps the company in eliminating the inequality ingrained within the
company on the basis of cultural diversity (Kempin Reuter, 2019). In order to promote cultural
diversity within their organization, the company makes use of team collaboration that gives a
chance to each and every individual to interact with the other team member, learn about them,
get a brief understanding of their culture, learn new skills from them as working collaboratively
helps an individual in development of their intellect within the organization.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded that cancer research UK is one of the largest and successful
academic institute that help for discovering new cancer treatment. In the year 2005 it has
discovered 20 drug candidates and 11 are in progress for clinical development (Wild, Nilbert and
Steindorf, 2019). Organization is using non-statutory structure that helps for getting more funds
which help[ the institute to adopt new technologies and activities. Also, it has been identified that
this is one of the most trustworthy and innovative charity which help for saving life of people
and influence them in rights way. The present study discussed value and ethical practice of the
organisation that are related to dignity and integrity. It also helps the individuals in learning new
skills from their colleagues and learn to develop skills such as empathy towards the culture of
people coming from different backgrounds. Then public policy and legislation are identified
which helps the company by generating more funds. Then, evaluated two forms of identity which
is regarding gender inequality and inequality on the basis of ethnicity. The team collaboration
helps individuals in formulating a bonding and develop an understanding for the cultures, and
values, of other people of the organization.Further, it has been recommended that it is necessary
to encourage more people that helps to influence others and making discoveries bys drivings the
process. Also, it can separate the departments for children who are below 18 years and providing
guidance them with this parents so that they can improve their life.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Banerji, U., Katugampola, S. and Godfrey, L., 2018. A Cancer Research UK phase I/IIa trial of
BT1718 (a first in class Bicycle Drug Conjugate) given intravenously in patients with
advanced solid tumours.
Chouhan, K. and Nazroo, J., 2020. Health inequalities. Ethnicity, Race and Inequality in the UK-
State of the Nation. Bristol, UK: Policy Press, pp.73-92.
Gibb, A., Fields, P.A. and Miall, F.M., 2021. Results of a UK National Cancer Research Institute
Phase II study of brentuximab vedotin using a response‐adapted design in the first‐line
treatment of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma unsuitable for chemotherapy
due to age, frailty or comorbidity (BREVITY). British Journal of Haematology, 193(1).
pp.63-71.
Griffiths, C., Mitchell, M. and Burnand, A., 2020. More support needed for UK charity-funded
medical research. The Lancet, 396(10263), pp.1616-1618.
Guerrero, S., Leone, P.E. and Paz-y-Miño, C., 2018. Analysis of racial/ethnic representation in
select basic and applied cancer research studies. Scientific reports, 8(1), pp.1-8.
Harris, A.P. and Pamukcu, A., 2020. The Civil Rights of Health: A New Approach to
Challenging Structural Inequality. UCLA L. Rev., 67, p.758.
Hicken, M.T., and et.al 2018. Racial inequalities in health: Framing future research. Social
science & medicine (1982), 199, p.11.
Kempin Reuter, T., 2019. Human rights and the city: Including marginalized communities in
urban development and smart cities. Journal of Human Rights, 18(4), pp.382-402.
Laine, J.E., and et.al 2020. Reducing socio-economic inequalities in all-cause mortality: a
counterfactual mediation approach. International journal of epidemiology, 49(2),
pp.497-510.
O’Sullivan, J.W., Perera, R. and Nicholson, B.D., 2018. The mapping of cancer incidence and
mortality trends in the UK from 1980–2013 reveals a potential for overdiagnosis.
Scientific reports, 8(1), pp.1-8.d Baldwin, D.R., 2018. Recent advances in the
management of lung cancer. Clinical Medicine, 18(Suppl 2), p.s41.
Perera, R. and Nicholson, B.D., 2018. The mapping of cancer incidence and mortality trends in
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pp.1-8.
Phillips, E.H., Smith, P. and Lawrie, A., 2019. High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem
cell transplantation in enteropathy-associated and other aggressive T-cell lymphomas: a
UK NCRI/Cancer Research UK Phase II Study. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 54(3).
pp.465-468.
Wild, C.P., Nilbert, M. and Steindorf, K., 2019. Cancer Prevention Europe. Molecular
oncology. 13(3). pp.528-534.
Zhou, C.D., Atun, R. and Maruthappu, M., 2018. A systematic analysis of UK cancer research
funding by gender of primary investigator. BMJ open. 8(4). p.e018625.