Inferential Analysis on Carbon Emission Reduction in Developed and Developing Countries

Data Analysis Inferential
Findings from the inferential analysis have been shown in the current section. The inferential
analysis is used to test the proposed hypothesis and the same has been done in the current
research also. For this research the t- test has been conducted and the results from the t test are
discussed below(Kuada 2012; Rosa1 & Luana Caroline Silva 2017).
The first t test has been conducted to examine whether there is significant difference in the
carbon emission between the developed and the developing countries. As the results indicate the
mean reduction in carbon emission for the developed country was 8.28 % whereas the average
reduction for the developing countries is 17.99 %. This clearly indicates that the developed
country is slow in reducing the carbon emission as compared to the developing countries. For the
current research the USA has been taken as the developed country and the developing countries
includes India, China and Brazil(Müller-Falcke 2002; Panayotou & Sachs 2005).
Group Statistics
Developed or
Developing
N Mean Std.
Deviation
Std. Error
Mean
percentage change in
Co2 emission from
previous year
Developed 53 -8.2811 5.80209 .79698
Developing 53 -17.9940 45.33302 6.22697
Table 1 Results from the group statistics of the t test
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality
of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-
tailed
Mean
Differenc
e
Std. Error
Differenc
e
95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference

) Lower Upper
percentag
e change
in Co2
emission
from
previous
year
Equal
variance
s
assumed
4.05
2
.04
7
1.54
7
104 .125 9.71283 6.27776 -
2.7362
1
22.1618
7
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
1.54
7
53.70
3
.128 9.71283 6.27776 -
2.8749
2
22.3005
8
Table 2 Results from the independent sample t test
The t test has been conducted to examine whether there is significant difference in the carbon
emission for the firms who have integrated climate change into their business strategy from those
who have not taken into consideration the climate change while preparing their business
strategies. Results from t test are shown in the table below.
Group Statistics
climate change
integrated into your
business strategy?
N Mean Std.
Deviation
Std. Error
Mean
percentage change in
Co2 emission from
previous year
Yes 95 -13.7219 34.27817 3.51687
No 11 -8.0909 5.94062 1.79116
Table 3 Results from the group statistics of the t test
Independent Samples Test

Levene's
Test for
Equality
of
Variance
s
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-
tailed
)
Mean
Differenc
e
Std. Error
Differenc
e
95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
percentag
e change
in Co2
emission
from
previous
year
Equal
variance
s
assumed
.49
0
.48
6
-.542 104 .589 -5.63099 10.39567 -
26.2459
8
14.9840
1
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
-
1.42
7
91.32
8
.157 -5.63099 3.94672 -
13.4702
8
2.20831
Table 4 Results from the independent sample t test
The results from the t test shows that the significance value is more than 0.05 which shows that
there is no significant difference between the two groups.
Hypothesis testing:
H0: There is no significant difference in developed and developing countries in terms of
reduction in the carbon emission as compared to the previous year.
H1: H0: There is significant difference in developed and developing countries in terms of
reduction in the carbon emission as compared to the previous year.