Analysis of Carbon Emissions Data for Companies in Australia, Belgium, and Brazil in 2012

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Data collection
Data was obtained from a database that contain all the carbon emissions data for all the countries
around the globe. The dataset are categorized for the different industries in different countries
working on different sectors of economy. We considered the 2012 data set for three countries;
Australia, Belgium and Brazil. There were a total of 218 observations (industries) considered for
this study with 80 companies from Australia, 11 companies from Belgium and 127 companies
from Brazil. A separate excel file is submitted together with this report.
Data Analysis
Descriptive Statistics
The table below presents the descriptive statistics for the numerical data that was collected. The
two variables are the carbon intensity and percentage change in carbon emissions in 2012.
Results shows that the average carbon emissions for 2012 for the selected companies was 321.51
with the highest recorded emission amount for that year being 13093.78. The lowest emission
amount recorded was 0.00 with the standard deviation being 1755.65. In regard to the percentage
change the average percentage change was found to be -2.16% with the highest change recorded
being 305.33% and the lowest change recorded being -78%. The standard deviation for the
percentage change was 29.34.
The results for the skewness and kurtosis for both the intensity and percentage change indicated
that the variables are heavily skewed. The fact that the skewness values are greater than positive
3 implies that the variables (intensity and percentage change in intensity) are positively skewed
and that they seem to have a number of outliers.

Table 1: Descriptive statistics
Intensity % change
N 142.00 222.00
Range 13093.78 383.33
Minimum 0.00 -78.00
Maximum 13093.78 305.33
Mean 321.51 -2.16
Std.
Deviation
1755.65 29.34
Variance 3082289.75 860.88
Skewness 6.37 6.21
0.20 0.16
Kurtosis 40.62 60.49
0.40 0.33
Frequency distributions
Countries
As can be seen, most the companies included in the study were from Brazil (58.3%, n = 127)
followed by companies from Australia (36.7%n = 80) and the least were from Belgium (5.0%, n
= 11).
Table 2: Distribution of companies based on countries
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Australia 80 36.7 36.7 36.7
Belgium 11 5.0 5.0 41.7
Brazil 127 58.3 58.3 100.0
Total 218 100.0 100.0

Respondents were asked to where the responsibility regarding the climate change decision inside
their organization lies. Results showed that the responsibility regarding the climate change
decision inside their organization lies on the board for most of the companies (72%, n = 157)
followed by the senior manage (24.3%, n = 53) and lastly form other manager (3.7%, n = 8).
Table 3: Highest responsibility level
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Other manager 8 3.7 3.7 3.7
Senior manager 53 24.3 24.3 28.0
Board 157 72.0 72.0 100.0
Total 218 100.0 100.0
In regard to whether the Company offers some kind of motivation in relation to issues
surrounding climate change management, which are not limited to targets attainment. Slightly
more than half of the companies (50.9%, n = 111) said to offer incentives while 49.1% (n = 107)
did not offer some kind of motivation in relation to issues surrounding climate change
management.