Case Study: Project Management and Innovation at Transport for London

This case study examines Transport for London's (TFL) project to construct 800 new homes, highlighting the project's description, scope, and benefits, including enhanced networks, social benefits, and economic growth. It identifies key stakeholders such as executive sponsors, project leads, and team members, detailing their roles and influence. The study also addresses challenges faced during the project, such as increased raw material costs, budget constraints, and skilled labor shortages, and proposes solutions like waste reduction, strategic planning, and employee training. Furthermore, the report emphasizes the role of innovation in project delivery, noting its importance in modern project management techniques and its contribution to effective project development. This analysis provides insights into TFL's project management approach, its successes, and the strategies employed to overcome obstacles, showcasing the interplay between project management and innovation. Desklib offers a wealth of similar case studies and solved assignments for students.

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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1...........................................................................................................................................3
Description of project.............................................................................................................3
Scope of project......................................................................................................................4
Benefits of project..................................................................................................................4
Stakeholders and their roles along with their influence on project........................................5
Success and/or failure of project............................................................................................6
Challenges faced in project....................................................................................................6
Addressing the challenges......................................................................................................7
TASK 2...........................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
The concept of project management is defined as the implication of techniques, skills,
efforts and knowledge of the activities in order to meet the significant requirements of a
particular project. The process of project management consists of the stages that give directions
to the project managers for accomplishing all the activities of a specific project as per the
schedule criteria as well as gaining success. Within this report, the case study of Transport for
London has been taken into consideration for demonstrating different aspects of this report. This
report includes a description of the project, its scope and the benefits of the project (Aanbari, and
Kwak, 2018). Along with it, there will be an explanation on the roles of various kinds of
stakeholders and their influence on the project. Moreover, there will be a description on the
success and failures of the project along with the challenges that are faced by the project and the
process in which they were addressed. Furthermore, the role of innovation in the project delivery
will also be discussed with the implementations of such innovation on project delivery.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
PROJECT OVERVIEW
Description of project
Within this report, the case study of Transport for London is taken into consideration in
which a project to construct 800 new homes in action is going to be conducted. The company is
located in London, United Kingdom and is considered as a local governmental body that is
accountable for most of the transport network within the London. In the respective case study, a
permission is granted to the Transport for London by Ealing Council in order to develop some of
more land for the purpose of creating more than 800 new homes in action. The respective
organisation has proposed an intense-density scheme related to the residence along with the
extra employment as well as commercial space. The process of development will also going to
be include public realm and landscaping (Chofreh,et. al. 2019). This scheme would deliver
around 850 homes for the purpose of rent and sale along with involving half of the total percent
of affordable housing. It was as part of he strategy of Mayor in order to deliver affordable homes
in a genuine way on the land of public with the support of excellent links of the transport.

Scope of project
Transport for London is inviting the planning of the project management and its goal is
to provide accommodations to the poor and needy people who are not having any place to live
and survive. The project of developing 800 new homes in action would help the people in
improving their living standards. In order to construct these new homes, the respective company
has prepared its effective budget in which each and every cost that is going to be incurred within
the process of completion of the project will be allotted funds in an appropriate manner. There
are various activities that are going to be included in the project of constructing new homes in
action (Filippetto, Lima, and Barbosa, 2021). Some of these activities involve construction,
planning, drawing maps and blueprints, analysing the society around, allotment of funds and
many more.
Benefits of project
There are various benefits of developing more than 800 new homes in action within
London and some of these benefits are discussed as under:
 Enhance networks: In order to conduct the project of developing new homes in action,
there is a need to interact with a wide range of people for accomplishing multiple
activities of the project. In such a way, it is the key advantage of the project that more
and more people will get into the contact and these networks will help the project
managers through providing essential information regarding the completion of each
activity in an effective manner.
 Social benefits: It is another advantage of the respective project that it would provide
social services such as accommodation for housing and many more to the people of
London. By providing such benefits to a large number of people, their living standard
would raise and will also reduced the total cost of the project.
 Economic growth: By developing new homes in actions, the living standard of people
will get increase and thereby contribute to the economy in an effective manner (Hair, and
Sarstedt, 2021). In context to Transport for London, the respective organisation has
proposed a high-density scheme that includes extra commercial and employment space.
In this way, there will be more official institutions within the United Kingdom and it will
provide a wide variety of opportunities to the people for doing employment.

Stakeholders and their roles along with their influence on project
Stakeholders are those external as well as internal people that are having interest within
an organisation and along with it, can easily influence or be influenced by the workplace.
Stakeholders have various levels of authority as well as duties when contributing to a project. In
context to project management of Transport for London, there are various stakeholders such as
local public, clients, governmental agencies, executive sponsors, project lead, project
coordinator, functional or technical lead, groups and committees, employees, charitable
institutions, opinion formers and many more (Kim, Chang, and Castro-Lacouture, 2020). The
role of some of these stakeholders in relation with project management of constructing new
homes in actions are discussed as below along with their influence on the project:
 Executive Sponsor: It is a person or a group of individuals who give resources as well
as support in order to accomplish the project. In context to TFL, these stakeholders are
responsible for the enabling the success of the project of developing around 800 new
homes in actions and also help in eliminating the barriers as well as approve the final
plan.
 Project Lead: It is considered as the key stakeholder within the process of project
management and is accountable for the success of the project. Within TFL, the project
leader plans the work, allocate the resources, manages the risk, controls the changes in
scope, monitors milestone as well as communicate the status of the project to all the
stakeholders that are inside and outside the organisation.
 Project Coordinator: It is another stakeholder in the process of project management and
in context to TFL, such kind of stakeholder coordinates the project of developing 800
new homes in action from the starting of the project to its end (Mavi, et. al. 2018). This
type of stakeholder applies the methodologies as well as tools of the project management
for making sure that whether the project is delivering the expected outcomes or not
within a particular period of time, scope and along with the budget.
 Functional or technical lead: This is another kind of stakeholder who is accountable for
leading the effort of a technical or a functional area such as Networking, CMS, CO and
many others. In relation to TFL, these stakeholders have an authority to assign the work
as well as resources.

 Team members: It includes the staff members or employees as stakeholders who
performs the role of exhibiting a high level of expertise within a specialised task, job or
skill. The members of team of TFL are accountable for performing various tasks of the
project of developing new homes in order to meet the objectives (Obradovic 2018). The
team members within the respective organisation defines the requirements and are often
greatly engaged in the process of training as well as testing.
Success and/or failure of project
The success of the project of developing around 800 new homes in action is in such a
way that the company has earned a large amount of revenue. In the process of developing these
new homes, the human resources that are involved in the process of accomplishing the different
activities become skilled. Because of which the company had gained a competitive advantage
over the competitors in the market place. Another success of the project is that the company has
stand out a strong leadership after the completion of the project. In such way, the project of
Transport for London of developing around 800 new homes in action has achieved its success in
a great way.
Challenges faced in project
There are various challenges that are faced by the project managers while developing new
houses in action and some of these challenges are described as below:
Increased cost of raw materials: At the time of conducting the multiple activities of the
respective project, the human resources who are engaged in performing different functions have
required to purchase the raw material in order to accomplish various tasks. The workers at that
time have faced the challenge of increased cost of the raw material within the market place.
Hence, this was a challenge for the Transport for London that they had faced while completing
different tasks of the project.
Budget constraints: Going over the set budget is a common problem within the sector of
construction. The project manager has faced the problem of poor judgement, lack of proper
oversight and a miscalculation that has resulted in the collapse of the project. This was an
another challenge that is faced by the project managers of Transport for London.
Skilled labour shortages: The human resources within the Transport for London have also
faced a challenge regarding lack of the skilled workers. At the time of accomplishing different

activities, the project manager has faced the problem that there was less number of skilled
persons who are required to complete each different activity in an effective manner.
Addressing the challenges
In order to address the challenges, there are many ways that could be adopted by the
business of Transport for London. Some of the remedies to the above discussed challenges are
given as under:
To overcome the challenge of increased cost of raw material, the employees of the company
Transport for London are required to reduce the waste and are also needed to negotiate as well
as eliminate the unnecessary expenses (Pace, 2019). This would help the organisation in gaining
competitive advantage by lowering the overall cost of the project. For overcoming the challenge
of budget constraints, the project managers of Transport for London are required to plan as well
as strategize every stage of the project as well as get the understanding of each constraint easily.
In order to overcome another challenge of skilled labour shortage, the project managers of the
respective organisation are essentially needed to provide training and development sessions to
their less skilled employees for working in an effective manner.
TASK 2
ROLE OF INNOVATION IN PROJECT DELIVERY
Innovation simply means making or creation of new ideas, products, technologies etc.
Every business or organization needs to have new ideas, new technologies and all time to time to
be updated and upgraded. It is important to be up to date and this maintains value and goodwill
of organization in market. Every organization needs and executes game changing and innovative
ideas through different projects, strategies and all thereby making need for project management
innovation more important and necessary in organization. Ideas are intangible and cannot be
given or sold to customers, they just need to be shared or discussed. Proper project planning and
its proper management are what that adds a great value to ideas for the organization. Innovation
leads towards making project developed more effectively as per modern project management
techniques (Wu, et. al. 2021). Also innovation has been making various kinds of perspectives
developed with project by making it easy to be formed. Project management and innovation are
interlinked with each other which makes project to be made more effectively. Also innovation
and project management executes game-changing ideas through projects, thereby making the

need for project management innovation all the more imperative. Ideas are not tangible and
therefore can't be sold to your customers. Projects and proper project management are what add
value to ideas. Unlike magicians pulling rabbits out of hats, the real world requires a proper
workflow to deliver an idea in its best form possible.
Every project like London Construction requires over delivering unique idea which helps
upon making product developed with the help of elements used within project. Project has been
managed with innovative thinking which helps over handling critical situations of project. These
are based over different kinds of things which has been making career developed with positive
approach. The product to be delivered is based over making it get managed by the project
manager. In order to make product delivered within time limit various kinds of aspects has been
covered in making construction done with more effectiveness. Innovation helps in breaking new
grounds over various things related to project (Zuo, et. al. 2018) . Under innovation core project
management over reasons which makes work to be completed more effectively. The project has
been performing innovative ideas when project is required to be managed with accommodation
in every perspective. In order to make innovation applied various factors requires to be analyzed
explained as follows:
Political factor:
In UK, the political factors is stable and there is lots of opportunities are available for
new organisation. In the last few years of UK's organisation was affected by the political factors
and the management has adopt the changes accordingly to run the business, like in the year 2020
the Covid-19 virus comes and it effect the country very badly so the London Construction has to
implement the decision-making of the political factor in the organisation so that they take
measure precaution in the management by reducing the manpower of the management, making
social distancing in the organisation this will impact the organisation in negative way.
Economical factors:
In the UK, the economic factor is very developed due to the macro factors such as
inflation rate and interest rate, foreign exchange rate etc. the aggregate demand and aggregate
investment in an economy. The London Construction Plc has provide a good infrastructure in
quality of food and beverages industry. If the organisation has good infrastructure then they will
impact the positive in economic.
Social factor:

In UK, the social factor like trends, culture, taste and preference. The foods they prefer is
very different and have unique taste. The Hilton Group Food Plc has make changes in food taste
according to the needs and wants of the customer. In UK, generally they prefer Non-veg food
items so the organisation has to prepare their food variety accordingly to the culture and taste of
the customers. If they don't follow the culture of the UK, to prepare the food then the
organisation cannot survive for a long time in the market. It is important for the management of
an organisation to prepare a food and beverages accordingly.
Technological Factor:
In UK, the technology is very advanced and it is updated time to time. The organisation
in UK using updated technology so that the organization objectives is achieved effectively and
efficiently. The London Construction Plc using updated technology so that they full fill the
demand of the customer in the market and make a better use of technology for making better
production of food and beverages in the market (Zwikael, et. al.2019). If the management of an
organisation is not updating his technology for the production then the organisation may shut
down due to the lack of technology. It is very important for the company to adopt new
technology for the better run of the organisation.
Legal Factors:
In UK, the legal factors that the management of an organisation has to follow the laws
like patents and copyright of the product. If the London Construction Plc have to follow the laws
and make the brand name copy right and patents, so that no one is used to sell the product and it
built the trust of the customer. If they don't do copyright and patents of the brand name then
everyone can use the brand name to sell the product and this will impact the organisation in the
market.
Environment Factors:
In UK, the environment factors that effect the organisation that the product which you
are manufacturing must be eco-friendly and they don't pollute the environment. If the
organisation manufactured the product which effects the environment then on the organisation
the charges will be imposed for polluting the environment which is made by the government law
like this the London Construction Plc has to follow all the environmental factor for
manufacturing the food and beverages production.

CONCLUSION
From above explanation of this report, it has been concluded that the process of project
management is very crucial within an organisation as it facilitates each part of the business in its
smooth running. This process helps an organisation through defining each particular task in a
well-defined manner and also allows the team of the project in concentrating on the work that
matters. Within this report, the case study on Transport for London has been taken into
consideration in which there was a project to build 800 new homes in action. The different
aspects have been explained in relation to the project including its description, scope, benefits,
stakeholders and their roles and many more. The challenges have also been discussed that occur
in project and the solution to address them also have been explained. Moreover, role of
innovation in project delivery as well as implementations of these innovations on project
delivery have also been taken into consideration.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Filippetto, A. S., Lima, R. and Barbosa, J. L. V., 2021. A risk prediction model for software
project management based on similarity analysis of context histories. Information and
Software Technology, 131, p.106497.
Hair, J. F. and Sarstedt, M., 2021. Explanation plus prediction—The logical focus of project
management research. Project Management Journal, 52(4), pp.319-322.
Kim, S., Chang, S. and Castro-Lacouture, D., 2020. Dynamic modeling for analyzing impacts of
skilled labor shortage on construction project management. Journal of Management in
Engineering, 36(1), p.04019035.
Mavi, R. K. and Standing, C., 2018. Critical success factors of sustainable project management
in construction: A fuzzy DEMATEL-ANP approach. Journal of cleaner production,
194, pp.751-765.
Obradović, V., Todorović, M. and Bushuyev, S., 2018, September. Sustainability and agility in
project management: contradictory or complementary?. In Conference on Computer
Science and Information Technologies (pp. 522-532). Springer, Cham.
Pace, M., 2019. A correlational study on project management methodology and project success.
Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management, 9(2), p.56.
Pan, Y. and Zhang, L., 2021. A BIM-data mining integrated digital twin framework for
advanced project management. Automation in Construction, 124, p.103564.
Wu and et.al., 2021. Ontological knowledge base for concrete bridge rehabilitation project
management. Automation in construction, 121, p.103428.
Zuo and et.al., 2018. Soft skills of construction project management professionals and project
success factors: A structural equation model. Engineering, Construction and
Architectural Management.
Zwikael, O. and Smyrk, J. R., 2019. Project management: A benefit realisation approach.
Springer