Chronic Heart Failure Question and Answer 2022

Running head: CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
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Question 1-
Chronic heart failure is a common heart disease, in particular in older adults, and is
linked with progressive exercise intolerance and physical activity. The pathophysiological nature
of systolic heart failure is mainly characterized by the lack of oxygen delivery by the circulatory
system because of an inherent abnormality in the complicated ventricular pump mechanism and
the extra-cardiac factors which limit metabolic tissue oxygen. Cardiac failure is a complex
syndrome that has been developed as a consequence of intrinsic abnormalities and comorbidities,
including renal and lung disease, sleep and respiratory disease and other long-term health
complications. This disease development has been linked to basic heart and abnormalities and
systemic disturbances such as inflammation or labile blood pressure as well as to comorbid
conditions (Mentz & O'connor, 2016).
Ms Brown, the 78 old women who were admitted with systolic heart failure to the
Department of Emergency had been diagnosed with heart failure two years earlier with several
diseases and indications that contribute towards Mrs Brown's health currently. Studies show that
most patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure have a history of heart failure. Systolic cardiac
failure has serious dyspnoea, oedema and shortness of breath as well as a weight gain that leads
to acute chronic fatigue and worsens over moment leading in poor performance of lives
(Aci.health.nsw.gov.au, 2017). Mrs Brown has serious dyspnoea, an ongoing symptom in
patients that is developed by a complicated embedded cardiopulmonary interaction that results in
acute cardiac inability that gradually improves with physical workout impairment and regular
operations. An adult's normal breathing rate is between 12-20 breathes per minute. If an
individual has respiratory rate of less than 12 or more than 25 breathing per minute, he or she

CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
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will be deemed unusual and must be identified and handled instantly. Mrs. Brown has a 24
breathing rate owing to cardiac insufficiency.
Increased pressures on the venous membranes are caused when the heart cannot pump
blood effectively, which can cause blood back-up and eventually cardiac failure. The blood
vessels in the lungs gravitate and the alveolar sac of the lungs develop fluid. As a consequence,
this contributes to lung congestion due to concentration of mucus and flegm. Thus, when Mrs
Brown was examined, the bilateral basal gaps were observed, since the aeration and fluid growth
of the lung are not present. This in effect proves lung edema (Popper, 2017). Thereby heart
failure can be influenced by particular conditions, such as high blood pressure, tachycardia,
myocardial injury, pulmonary edema, dispnea, parallel basal l cracks and arterial fibrillation.
Mrs Brown was diagnosed with systolic heart failure which is characterised by
ventricular dilation and a reduced ejection fraction. The main cause of the systolic heart failure is
left ventricular remodelling. Acute heart failure that result from cardiomyopathy have similar
morphologic and functional abnormalities (Chatterjee & Rame, 2008).
Mrs Brown has a pulse rate of 120 beats/minute implying that she has a condition of
tachycardia characterised by an abnormal heart beat sending rapid signals. It causes a several
disruption in the heart functionality. These symptoms contributes to an increase of peripheral
resistance by the increase of blood pressure in the blood vessels causing the heart muscles and
blood vessels to strain deteriorating the condition leading to the damage of myocardium.
The activity of Renin-Angiotension-Aldosterone-System (RAAS) is greater in patients
with heart failure. In the patients with heart failure, RAAS serves as a compensatory mechanism