Case Study Analysis: NUR 315, Patient R's Hypertension and Obesity

This case study analyzes the health condition of Mr. R, a 48-year-old patient with hypertension, obesity, and elevated blood glucose levels. The analysis focuses on the patient's physical measurements, including height, weight, and waist circumference, which indicate obesity and increased risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The study explores the concepts of insulin resistance, hypoinsulinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hypoglycemia in relation to Mr. R's condition. It references several research studies to support the analysis and discusses the implications of these conditions on the patient's health. The case study highlights the importance of managing blood glucose levels and addressing obesity to mitigate the risks associated with hypertension and related metabolic disorders.

Running head: CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

1CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
Answer 1
In the given case study of Mr. R (48) it has been observed that his height is short 5 ft.
6 inches with 175 pound weight. Further, it was observed that his waist circumference is 38
inches. The case study also mentioned that he is suffering from high blood pressure with
140/60 reading. In such condition, it was observed that he is suffering from hypertension and
due to this the primary health concern which he is suffering from is his obesity condition,
which could increase his risk factors related to cardio-vascular diseases as well as other
chronic health conditions, that arises due to hypertension and high blood pressure. As
mentioned by Ashwell and Gibson (2016), with height in the range of 5 ft. to 5 ft. 6 inches,
the waist circumference should fall between the 30 to 32 inches so that the person could
prevent obesity. However, in this case study, Mr. R was found to be overweight with
increased waist size. Further, it was also observed in the case study that his fasting blood
glucose level is 137 mg/dL, that indicates that his blood glucose level has increased to an
uncontrollable levels and hence, he requires immediate healthcare interventions so that his
blood glucose level could be controlled and managed.
Answer 2
Obesity and weight and waist measurement is an effective measurement that is
important for the assessment of any individual’s obesity levels. As the researchers has found
that the weight and waist diameter should be half of the height of the individual (Cerhan et
al., 2014). Therefore, if the person s 6 ft. tall, he should have 36 inches of waist diameter.
With respect to this research finding, Mr. R should have his waist diameter in a range of 30 to
34 inches, whereas, currently his waist circumference is 38 inches. Hence, due to this, the
significance of his weight and waist diameter is important for discussion (Bacopoulou et al.,
2015).

2CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
Answer 3
As per Tonks et al. (2016), it has been observed that majority of the individuals that
has developed obesity or are suffering from excess weight gain, could develop insulin
resistance in their body. As mentioned by Kullmann et al. (2015), with increased weight, the
person develops the risk of insulin resistance. However, there are multiple factors related to
insulin resistance that increases the risk of insulin resistance, such as increased weight, lower
levels of physical activity, excess fat and mass around their belly, despite the fact that they
has healthy body mass index. In this case study of Mr. R, it was seen that he has extreme
body weight and was suffering from increased blood glucose level and hence, in such
condition, the patient suffers from the risk of insulin resistance (Khodadadi et al., 2014).
Answer 4
Hypo-insulinemia is a health condition in which, the patient suffering from risk of
insulin resistance and in this condition, no external insulin responds in such patient’s body.
As mentioned in the research of Lahbib et al. (2015), in this extreme health condition of
hypoinsulinemia, pancreas tries to compensate for the lack of insulin in the body. Hence, in
this condition, it has been observed that majority of the patients that suffers from
hypoinsulinemia, could develop type 2 Diabetes. Whereas, in case of hyperinsulinemia, it
has been observed that in this critical condition, it creates maximum number of insulin inside
the human body. This condition arises due to the improper metabolic diseases as well as
condition. As due to the increase in the insulin level in blood stream of the body, it causes
low plasma level sugar in the human body and hence, it could creates increased complexity in
the human body. The third aspect hyperglycemia, is termed as the increased blood sugar level
in the human body and due to this, it could create type 1 and type 2 diabetes conditions. It
was seen, that hyperglycemia condition could create critical healthcare condition, the fasting
blood sugar level could increase up to 130 mg/dL (Lipska et al., 2014). The fourth aspect,

3CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
hypoglycemia is termed as the low level of blood sugar level and hence, this condition is
termed as the treatment process of diabetes. In the case study, majority of these factors are
associated with Mr. R as it was seen that fasting blood sugar level of the patient is 135 mg/dL
due to which, it caused hyperglycemia in patient’s body (Lipska et al., 2014). Further, it was
seen that due to overweight and obesity, it increased the risk of insulin resistance and in such
condition, hypoinsulinemia level increased in the patient’s body and hence it was seen that
majority of the symptoms indicated towards the critical healthcare condition of the patients
body (Lahbib et al., 2015).

4CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
References
Ashwell, M., & Gibson, S. (2016). Waist-to-height ratio as an indicator of ‘early health risk’:
simpler and more predictive than using a ‘matrix’based on BMI and waist
circumference. BMJ open, 6(3), e010159.
Bacopoulou, F., Efthymiou, V., Landis, G., Rentoumis, A., & Chrousos, G. P. (2015). Waist
circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio reference percentiles for
abdominal obesity among Greek adolescents. BMC pediatrics, 15(1), 50.
Cerhan, J. R., Moore, S. C., Jacobs, E. J., Kitahara, C. M., Rosenberg, P. S., Adami, H. O., ...
& Horn-Ross, P. L. (2014, March). A pooled analysis of waist circumference and
mortality in 650,000 adults. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Vol. 89, No. 3, pp. 335-
345). Elsevier.
Khodadadi, H., Rajabi, H., Attarzadeh, S. R., Reza, S., & Abbasian, S. (2014). The effect of
high intensity interval training (HIIT) and pilates on levels of irisin and insulin
resistance in overweight women. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and
Metabolism, 16(3), 190-196.
Kullmann, S., Heni, M., Veit, R., Scheffler, K., Machann, J., Häring, H. U., ... & Preissl, H.
(2015). Selective insulin resistance in homeostatic and cognitive control brain areas in
overweight and obese adults. Diabetes Care, 38(6), 1044-1050.
Lahbib, A., Ghodbane, S., Maâroufi, K., Louchami, K., Sener, A., Sakly, M., & Abdelmelek,
H. (2015). Vitamin D Supplementation Ameliorates Hypoinsulinemia and
Hyperglycemia in Static Magnetic Field–Exposed Rat. Archives of environmental &
occupational health, 70(3), 142-146.

5CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
Lipska, K. J., Ross, J. S., Wang, Y., Inzucchi, S. E., Minges, K., Karter, A. J., ... &
Krumholz, H. M. (2014). National trends in US hospital admissions for
hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia among Medicare beneficiaries, 1999 to
2011. JAMA internal medicine, 174(7), 1116-1124.
Tonks, K. T., Coster, A. C., Christopher, M. J., Chaudhuri, R., Xu, A., Gagnon‐Bartsch, J., ...
& Samocha‐Bonet, D. (2016). Skeletal muscle and plasma lipidomic signatures of
insulin resistance and overweight/obesity in humans. Obesity, 24(4), 908-916.