Case Study: Type 1 Diabetes

Running head: CASE STUDY
CASE STUDY: TYPE 1 DIABETES
Name of Student:
Name of University:
Author’s Note:

CASE STUDY
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Answer number 1:
As per the given case study, Sarah is diagnosed with type1 diabetes due to inefficient
production of hormone known as insulin inside the body. As lymphocytic cell is functionless, it
damages the beta cell of the islets of Langerhans of pancreases. It is very difficult to produce
insulin. The function of insulin transports it into the cell, which would be helpful to generate
ATP (Folli et al., 2018). If insulin is not available, the glucose level in the blood is enhanced and
lead to hyperglycemia and body would get enough glucose for production of energy. Hence, it is
concluded that for normal concentration of glucose in the blood it is recommended to take
insulin for type1 diabetes.
Answer number 2:
a) The novoRapid insulin start to function around 10-20 minutes of time interval after it is
applied. Its effect is optimum within 1-3 hours of administration. It lasts till 4-5 hours
after it is injected (Jacob et al. 2016).
b) NovoRapid injection should be taken 10 min prior of meal. Moreover one can take this
injection after meal too but under 5 mins. The main reason behind this is due to
consumption of food, it gets breakdown into glucose and if there if inefficiency of
insulin, the glucose level get enhance in blood (Tauni & Golubic, 2019). Hence, it is
concluded that it would be better to take this injection immediately before or after meal.
Answer number 3:
a) The inefficiency of glucose in the blood is referred as Hypoglycemia (Adamkin, 2019).
b) Hypoglycemia is caused by over secretion or excessive intake of insulin hormone or any
other effect of malnourishment.

CASE STUDY
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c) Starvation, sweating, tremor, place face, irregular heart rate, faintness, blurred vision are
the warning sign of Hypoglycemia (Lipska, 2017).
d) It can be treated instantaneously by taking glucose rich diet just after the indication of
symptoms. Glucose tablet is best suited for this (Thornton et al., 2015).
Answer number 4:
a) 4mm needle for insulin pen is most appropriate length for Sarah (Lim et al., 2018).
a) Since the thickness of skin for children is 1.6mm to 2.4mm hence it is recommended to
use 4mm needle for injection to subcutaneous tissue (Frid, Hirsch & Strauss, 2018).
Answer number 5.
To save Sarah from risk of lethal consequence it is recommended to take glucose level
test just before insulin injection which lead to the rise of glucose level in the blood. As per
review of RCT paper by Calvo-Marín et al (2017), coma, heart failure or dizziness can be caused
by taking insulin injection at the time when concentration of glucose is either low or moderate in
the blood because it would more decrease the level of glucose from the normal level. According
to Muller et al. (2018), the correct measure of insulin to be taken should be between 0.5 to 1.0
units kg per day. Hence it is suggested to get regular check-up for blood glucose level before
getting insulin injection to save from bad health.
Answer number 6:
a) For better diffusion of insulin inside body, it is recommended for Sarah to take
injection on buttock which is high in fatty acid concentration.
b) It is recommended to insert insulin injection at angle approx. 450