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Study of Children with Autism : Report

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Added on  2020-01-15

Study of Children with Autism : Report

   Added on 2020-01-15

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Case Study on Autism May 72016MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263Inclusive Education (EST 523)Assignment-02(Part A)Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1Literature review....................................................................................................................1Child's case history..............................................................................................................1-2MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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Mother's report.......................................................................................................................2The causes, weaknesses and difficulties faced by children with autism.............................2-3National and international development.................................................................................3Observation.........................................................................................................................4-5Individual Educational Plan (IEP)....................................................................................5-15Long and short-term goals ...................................................................................................15CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16Recommendation.............................................................................................................16-17REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................20Observation(Interviews) ......................................................................................................31MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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INTRODUCTIONEducation is a process to acquireknowledge, learning, values, beliefs andhabits. It a basic necessity and all the childrenincluding the disabled ones have the right toacquire education. It is for the same reasonthat Maldives government has given theirsupport to Special Education Needs (SEN) ofchildren with disability. SEN provides specialattention and help disabled children like child with autism, dyslexia, hearing impairment etcduring their education. There are special schools which have specialists to help them and theytrack the progress of students as well (Children with special educational needs and disabilities,2016). The report contains a detailed study of children with autism and what difficulties theyface during their education. Autism is a neurobehavioural disorder which affects socialinteraction, communication and may have stereotype body movements like flapping. It has beenestimated that large number of people in Maldives are suffering from autism (Spitler, Repettoand Cavanaugh, 2013). Along with this, a special IEP (Individual Education Plan) for thechildren with autism has also been included in the report.Literature reviewThe child which I have observed had autism from birth. She had problem in speaking andunderstanding others.I have also carried out many activities with the child. She has beenimproving in many activities after getting admission in SEN. I observed that she loves to playoutside her home and loves colouring. Child's case historyChildren with autism find it difficult to communicate with people. The child I observedalso had the same problem. She had problems in understanding others as she could not speakproperly (Tomlinson, 2012). She was also very sensitive towards sounds, smell, touch and sights.1MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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She sometimes reacts in a different manner to normal things around her. She behaves in anunusual way to strangers, has attachments to different objects and shows aggressive behaviour(Cavanaugh, 2013). The Maldives SEN has special laws which prohibits discrimination andinequality of the disabled people. Child's developmentHer gross motor skills were well developed. She sits without support of any teacher. Sheis able to rolls over on flat surface. And she walks upstairs and downstairs, alternating feet (mayuse wall or handrail for support). Compare to any other autism girls she is little bite good in herfine motor skills. She has stared saying few words after the speech therapy. She would take hermother's hand to the objects whenever she wants instead of shouting and crying. She hasunderstood that others get angry when she hits or yells at them. She remains calm when shewatches TV. She tries to say few words when she sees objects from TV. This is a great sign ofdevelopment which I have seen from her. She began to follow the schedule that has beenformulated by the teacher. Mother's reportThe mother reported that she suffered severe pain before delivering the baby. She used toget fits at the time of pregnancy and she was also suffering from epilepsy. It is for the samereason that she gave birth to autistic child. Her other two children are also not normal. Herhusband is normal and there is no history of autism in their family. The child seemed normal inthe first three days of her birth but after that she started getting fits. She used to collapse manytimes during the day. She was taken to Male for treatment. But again after seven months she hadthe same problem. She was diagnosed with diabetes, she had fits, and non-stop crying and shewas not feeding well. Her first school was Saeediyaa School. The problem arises when herteacher went to India for medications. She started hitting other students in the class and theteacher recommended the parent to keep her way from school. Another school was MeduvaluSchool. They also recommended the same thing. They said that the child is not normal and theywill teach her only if the parent stays with her at the school. After that she was kept at home.Finally, in the year 2010 she was admitted to SEN class of Sharafuddin School. She studied there2MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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for more than 5 years. Earlier she used to shout if she wanted something but now she takes hermother's hand to that object instead of yelling and crying. The causes, weaknesses and difficulties faced by children with autismCausesAutism is a genetic disorder and it is caused by the genes which are vulnerable to developthis disease. It can be develop because of the advance age of any of the parent. The child whom Iobserved had the similar problem. It was a genetic disorder which affected her brain. The doctorsbelieved that it was developed due to epilepsy that her mother had at the time of pregnancy(Communication development in child with autism, 2011). Her family had no history of autism.Her mother had epilepsy and she used to get fits at the time of pregnancy. Her husband iscompletely normal person.Strengths Autism kids can be exceptionally honest and loyal. Many of the autistic children like topaint and draw (Mann, 2013). The child whom I have observed was really good at drawing,colouring and memorizing things. This is her own area of interest and she has been aboveaverage in this field. She has the ability to concentrate on narrow topics of her interest. Sheunderstand songs, conversations in movies and the words. She also displays a variety ofemotions. Weaknesses Children with autism have uneven skill set and may find difficulty in doing normal daywork (Chu and Zhang, 2015). The girl I observed had communication problems. She cannotspeak in a clear language. She has problems in understanding the emotional state of others. Sheremains dependent on others for every small thing. Her biggest weakness is social interaction. Itis difficult for her to understand the rules and methods of social interaction and she prefers toremain alone.DifficultiesShe always needs some extra help from her parents and teachers. She has problem inreading, writing, school work, understanding information and expressing herself (Mann, 2013).Not only in school but even outside it she has to face lot of problems. She has difficulty in3MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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making friends and behaving properly in the schools. She has developed a shell around herbecause she has limitations in many normal things (Park, Lombardino and Ritter, 2013). National and international developmentThere are many organisations in Maldives and in the entire world which are providingsupport to people with autism. Autism national fund, International Child Development Centre(ICDC), National Autistic Society are some national organisations in Maldives which are helpingthe people. There many international organisations also like ASD, INCA, Autism NetworkInternational and WHO. The government has also realised the importance of autism childeducation and they started many schools to support them (Bobzien and et.al, 2013). Thedisability rights, equality and anti-discrimination has given them equal rights in the society.Autism children are also given speech and language therapies, trainings and psychologicaltreatments. Parents are also given training and financial support so that proper resources can beprovided to disabled child (Van Naarden Braun and et.al, 2014). Many of the children are givenfree medicines, health care facilities and speech therapy in schools. Small children are also givencounselling classes so that they can develop proper communication with others and improve theirinteraction. Innovations and technological developments have also helped the disabled children(Hintermair 2013). The Special Education Schools provides all the necessary support to disabledchildren for some extent. The institution like National Autistic Society has many trainingcourses for the parents whose child is suffering from autism (Theunissen and et.al, 2014). Thenational curriculum of Maldives include NCF. It is non discriminatory and it focusses on thelearning and development of autistic child. It ensures that the all the learning needs of thestudents are fulfilled. Their talent and aptitudes are properly addressed by the school. ObservationIn the classroomA child with autism needs constant support from others all the time. She has her ownlimitations which makes her different from others. In school, she faces many problems due to herinability (Jackson and Schatschneider, 2014). The two main observations in the classroom arethat she lacks communication and does not take part in class room activities. The teachersunderstand the needs of that particular child. She speaks little and use gestures more to4MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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communicate. She speaks in a monotonous sound and uses pre learned phrases instead of fullsentences. She seems nervous and scared because her disability (Dragomir and et.al, 2015). Shehas no idea about other's personal space and does not interact with people. Her classmates alsofind it difficult to communicate with her because of her unusual behaviour.During my observation I found that the child was very much attracted towards red colour.I gave her a picture and a colour box but she only took red coloured pencil from it and startedcolouring the picture. After few minutes I changed the picture and gave her a banana to colour. Igave her three different colours like orange, green and yellow. It was shocking for me to see thatshe immediately took yellow colour and started to colour the picture with it. She loves going toschool and playground. One day when I was observing her she went to some other class. Thatclass was earlier used as SEN class. She stayed in that class for about 15 minutes and then startedshouting and running. No one had a clue what she wanted. Her teacher said that the class wasused as SEN class 2 years ago and she still remembers the class. She tries to avoid some of the classroom activities because of his disability. She does not likethese activities and gets very upset when there are changes in the normal routine (Pronk and et.al,2014). She faces problems in maths and while reading as it is difficult for her to understand allthese things at once. She needs more attention and support to learn. It can be seen from theobservation that the children with autism underperform in their academics. This gives rise to thesecond biggest problem of low participation in classroom activities (Nichols, 2015). She prefersto play with objects rather than with the people. Her behaviour like flapping of hands, playing inan unimaginative way makes her look different from others. Teachers also believe that thesestudents are not capable enough to take part in the activities. They do not realise that the disabledchild has only one weakness and he can do other activities just as the other students. Withoutproper knowledge and training a teacher cannot help them. They do not communicate becausethey cannot understand what teachers are saying (Park, Lombardino and Ritter, 2013). So themajor problems that can be seen in the observation is lack of communication and inability to takepart in the classroom activities.At public placesNot only in the classrooms but in other place as well they have to face many problems.They are discriminated by other people and they find it difficult to make friends. She has no5MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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close friends and she finds difficulty in communicating with others (Spitler, Repetto andCavanaugh, 2013). This inability does not allow her to make friends. Others children are not aware about thedisability of the autistic child. They are too small to understand the feeling of the disabled child.It can be seen that most of the autistic children don't like school. But the girl I have observedlikes to go to school. She loves to play with toys (Cavanaugh, 2013). Her parents are completelyaware of their child's disability and they don't allow the child to feel nervous about it. But inschool and outside she faces discrimination (Mann, 2013). So it can be observed that outsideschool an autistic child faces discrimination and is unable to make new friends. ACCOMODATIOS AND MODIFICATIONSParents can help their child in many ways. At home she is very quiet and happy. Shespends most of her time watching TV. Her parents should create an environment for her so thatshe can learn through playing. AccommodationsRemoving the fluorescents lights from the room as it affects the child. Parents can remove the red colour for her room and wardrobe. It will allow her toconcentrate more on other objects in the room.Locking the items that you don't want your child to touch or use.Develop a room specially for the child. It should not have any distractions and items thatyou don't want her to use.Include a table and a chair in the room.Covering the windows so that the child can focus properly. Installing a CCTV or one way mirror to observe the child. Individual Educational Plan (IEP)Individual Educational Plan (IEP) is a useful document that is prepared for the child whoneeds special education. It acts as guide and a plan for the teachers to evaluate the performanceof the special or disabled child in various activities. The school should wily supportiveenvironment and other settings. It will allow students to learn and enhance their knowledge.Schedules and visual activities should be included for the development of autistic child. It alsoallows the teacher to assess and track the progress of the disabled students. Different teachers can6MARIYAM REYSHMA/2263
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