Social Determinants of Health and Wellbeing

The present report discusses the social determinants such as Economic stability and society and community environment which make impact on Billy health and wellbeing of his family the most. This study has been concluded that Billy belongs to poor family and he faces many difficulties due to poverty and money tight situation in society, this circumstance effect his behavior and pressure him for stolen clothes and food at stores. The report also covers support of nurse for Billy and his family, including education opportunity, accommodation facility to his mother for reaching in hospital, and support through less amount in hemodialysis treatment of his mother which she is taking due to drink alcohol with her husband.

CASE STUDY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Economic stability and its relation to health and wellbeing of Billy...............................................3
Role of registered nurse...................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Social determinants include economic stability, education, social and community etc,
these are the factors that affect person life as well as whole family. These elements of health are
the status in which people are born, live grow and age (Braveman and Gottlieb, 2014). These
circumstances are formed by distribution of power, money, resources at national, local and
global levels. The current study explains Billy as well as his family situation as they belong to
Tasmania. The Billy is Aboriginal male, which is related with Australians group of peoples from
Australian mainland. This group contains many different culture and face poverty in society
which make effect their living standards such as Billy. This unit justify Billy and his family
difficult conditions and determinants that have influence on wider community and wellbeing of
others. The present report is based on social determinant elements which make impact on Billy
and his family wellbeing. Furthermore, this study discusses each social determinant and explain
in relation to health of Billy. It also clarifies role of Registered Nurse in support of Billy and his
family difficult situation. Moreover, it explains his family circumstances and current situation of
other male in family.
Economic stability and its relation to health and wellbeing of Billy
Economic stability defines an absence of excessive fluctuations in economy, in other
words those economies who have fairly constant output growth and stable and low inflation will
be considered in economical stable. Employment, housing instability, food insecurity and
poverty are the factors of economic instability that make impact on people lives as whole as their
families. Billy is a 10-year-old aboriginal male, lives with his aging grandmother, mother, older

sister Lina, three younger siblings, and older brother and father. Billy belongs to middle class
family background and they face poverty since his childhood. He struggles with numeracy and
literacy where all the family members cannot make their life happy and satisfy within its living
status. Poverty, is one of the biggest reasons that has been faced by many people in society due
to lack of employment.
This will relate to wellbeing and health of Billy and his family and wider community as
well. Aboriginal people cannot belong to healthy family and doesn't have good financial
background which help to maintain their living standards (Allen and et.al., 2014). As discuss in
case study billy father and older brother are in jail for Warrin and assault for drug related
offences. The Billy stole clothes and food from shops in past due to poverty and lack of money,
this social determinant put affect his life, wellbeing and health of family. Billy and his family
members are Bunuba people, they live in two-bedroom property given by the government in
Junjuwa, which is Aboriginal Australian community. His mother is ill and has chronic renal
failure due to drink alcohol every night with neighbors. This will make influence on their health
and wellbeing of other members in family. Poverty drive them towards doing wrong activities
and Billy do criminal activity as the absence of father who bring money for family through work
in society.
Social determinants are given huge impact on the Billy and his family. In other words,
social factors are the non-medical factors that affects a person overall health and health
outcomes. As they impact on the Billy and his family. Due to level of poverty it affects the
mental stress of the people due to which Billy is very weak to make their own decision for life.
Due to this cause and social imbalance Billy also fails to focus on their studies. He struggles in
literacy and numeracy.
Impact on wider community-
Residents of Junjuwa experience higher levels of unemployment, substance and poverty
for the reasons of economic instability, which make impact on wider community. Poverty
increase family violence and domestic aggression etc. which is common in region. His father
treat badly with his mother and behave perpetrator of violence towards Billy mother during her
pregnancy with Timmy, who is one of his younger siblings. They treated them poorly and harm
his mother very much due to poverty and drinking alcohol. Poverty is one of the main
economical factor that impact economic prosperity of wider community, productivity and

maximize crime in unsafe neighborhoods which leads to less graduation rates. For example,
Billy stolen food and other things for accomplishing needs of his life and lack of money is one of
the major reason that put pressure on his for doing the inappropriate activities in society.
Unemployment raise level of poverty in which people choose wrong path for completing demand
of family and do robbery and harm the others. Billy cannot afford new bedding and share moldy
mattress on floor with JD that is one of the most serious crime.
Social and community environment in relation to wellbeing of Billy, his family and wider
community
Social and community are the part of country economy where many people live their
lives happily. Positive environment of community contribute in health of people as well as
family living styles, in healthy atmosphere children's grow more and more and develop their
knowledge and make effective career (Firdaus, 2017). But on the other side those societies who
have negative environment like criminal function, robbery, murder etc. which put effect in wider
society and make them ill and unhealthy.
Junjuwa residents are facing lack of employment in which they face many difficulties for
balancing their lives. In relate with case study Billy older siblings smoke cigarette and eat
tobacco because they observe their both parent’s activities in relate with drinking alcohol. In
Aboriginal community these things are common and parents cannot give any objections on it. his
stole clothes, his father hit his mother due to money tight situation, Billy does not go to school,
because they sent home from school for getting into fights with other students and causing
trouble in class. His mother cannot help his in his study because she is uneducated and belong to
middle class family who does not have much money for giving higher education to their
children's. Billy parents does not have getting any education in their past life which make impact
on their children's and they also cannot give interest in getting good education in society. All the
activities within family of Billy has been affected by social and community environment in
which they are living, grow and borne. Domestic and family violence is to high in region and
people treated with its neighbors badly that influence on the growth and development of
teenagers and other people who are living around them.
Effect in wider community

This environment impact on wider community as well as Billy family living standards the
most. Home and outside environment affects child's mind and brain development for example,
Billy is 10 year old Aboriginal male and his family are Bunuba people belong to Aboriginal
community where poverty is the main reason behind violence in community, Billy and his sister
and siblings grow up poor environment are more likely than other family children's to drop out
of high school and education institutes. Billy brother and father are detained in West Kimberley
regional jail where they treated like criminal (Friedman and Kern, 2014). He did not know when
they are released and he manages their life as well as family. Disability pension support his
family for completing basic needs of lives and help to bring food needed at daily routine. They
see always negative environment in his house, his father hit his mother when she is pregnant this
will build incorrect image in their mind and change their thoughts as well. Due to this
environment Billy get start stolen food items and clothes for them. Home environment has long
termed influence on development and growth of child's.
In terms of wider community. People who suffering from family problems, frustrations
those peoples are also affect other peoples as well. It is the necessary process of addressing
social determinants of health by including create asocial and physical environments that promote
good health for all. In other terms, this affect the overall community people who lives in the
same society.
Role of registered nurse
Billy mother has chronic renal failure disease and she requires hemodialysiz mechine
which help to dialysis and specially know as filter it also called a dialyzer or artificial kidney that
are using for cleaning blood. His mother visit Fitzroy Crossing Hospital for dialysis three times
in week, each hemodialysis treatment takes 3.5 hours. During his moment Billy come with his
mother in hospital at meet with Registered Nurse who are caring to young people and patents in
organization. After a couple of weeks Billy build good relations with this nurse and tell her all
the story about their life which make nurse emotional (Salmond and Echevarria, 2017). After
knowing Billy and his family poor condition they try to support him and help to overcome within
issues. As nurse is place good position in hospital they communicate with the higher authorities
and less few amounts of dialysis treatment of Billy mother which she is taking due to kidney
failure. his family face many problems because he cannot have much money to take any
treatments and get better life style. She support through provide education facilities to Billy and

his other siblings which make their lives better than now. By getting good education in high
school he will improve his childhood life and develop career more and more for betterment.
Government make polices in which they give free treatment to those people who belongs to poor
family and does not have money for getting any healthy healthcare treatment.
Working as registered nurse she will provide Billy mother this facility in which they get
all the necessary clinical services during dialysis. Many hospitals have accommodation facilities
where they offer to people who are coming from long term distance place. Billy mother travel 5
hours as she takes 2 buses to reach at hospital because his family cannot own a car. Thus, at this
situation nurse offer accommodation facility to Billy mother by Fitzroy Crossing hospital that is
one of the best support she will give to his family and effort more for reducing negativity in
home environment. Billy does not attend school and his focus and attention getting lower down,
thus, to help his Nurse sent them to health and care center where they learn many things and
positive behavior which helps in growth of their childhood and develop his skills.
CONCLUSION
The present report discusses about the social determinants such as Economic stability and
society and community environment which make impact on Billy health and wellbeing of his
family the most. This study has been concluded that Billy belongs to poor family and he faces
many difficulties due to poverty and money tight situation in society, this circumstance effect his
behavior and pressure him for stolen clothes and food at stores. This report covered all the
information about Billy and his family. Moreover, poverty and home environment make impact
on children's mind developing functions as well as wider community. This study discusses about
support of nurse for Billy and his family, in which they provide him education opportunity, give
accommodation facility to his mother for reaching in hospital, and also support through less
amount in hemodialysis treatment of his mother which she is taking due to drink alcohol with her
husband.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Allen, J. and et.al., 2014. Social determinants of mental health. International review of
psychiatry. 26(4). pp.392-407.
Belon, A.P. and et.al., 2014. How community environment shapes physical activity: perceptions
revealed through the PhotoVoice method. Social Science & Medicine. 116. pp.10-21.

Braveman, P. and Gottlieb, L., 2014. The social determinants of health: it's time to consider the
causes of the causes. Public health reports. 129. pp.19-31.
Carter, I., 2017. Human behavior in the social environment: A social systems approach.
Routledge.
Firdaus, G., 2017. Built environment and health outcomes: Identification of contextual risk
factors for mental well-being of older adults. Ageing International. 42(1). pp.62-77.
Friedman, H.S. and Kern, M.L., 2014. Personality, well-being, and health. Annual review of
psychology. 65. pp.719-742.
Pollard, H., Minor, M. and Swanson, A., 2014. Instructor social presence within the community
of inquiry framework and its impact on classroom community and the learning
environment. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration. 17(2).
Salmond, S.W. and Echevarria, M., 2017. Healthcare transformation and changing roles for
nursing. Orthopedic nursing. 36(1). p.12.