Celiac Disease and Diabetes: A Case Study

CASE STUDY OF CELIAC DISEASE AND DIABETES
Name of the student:
Name of the university:

Environmental factor
Low insulin level
Elevation of
plasma
glucagon
Beta cells unable to respond
Pathophysiology
Risk Factors
Aetiology
Clinical
manifestations
Diagnostic tests
Treatment
Development of other autoimmune diseases
such as celiac disease
Increased
urination
Type 1 diabetes
Excessive thirst
Nateglinide
Tolazamide
Lymphatic infiltration
observed
Destruction of insulin cells
Osmotic diuresis
Dehydration
Fatigue
Weight loss
Deficiency of vitamins such as
B12,D
Avoid food with sugar
biguanide
Avoidance of food with
saturated fat
Random plasma test:
Key
Gluten free diet
Skin problem
Fasting plasma glucose test
Vaccination, virus,
Gene, cow milk
History of celiac disease
Gene IDDM1
Different types of
enterovius
Autoimmune disease

In this scenario, Emilia is 11 year girl who admitted to the hospital due to 20hours of worse vomiting. She was diagnosed with celiac disease and tonsillitis. This scenario,
Emily might expose to gluten containing food such as wheat, barley and rye. Subsequently, over the time, the consumption of gluten leads to the inflammation and damage the lining of
small intestine. Eventually, diarrhoea, severe vomiting and behavioural issues observed. Gluten diet also leads to enlargement of tonsil ( Haynes et al., 2014). Therefore, her tonsillitis was
removed. When she was admitted to the hospital, she was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The major linked between two disease is both celiac and type 1diabetes are both autoimmune
disease affected by gluten.
1) Risk factor and aetiology of disease:
In above scenario, Emilia had history of celiac disease along with diabetes. According to evidences, if family members have the history of celiac disease then high chances are
offspring will also develop celiac disease in future.Moreover, in majority of the cases; those people have celiac disease also develop Type 1 diabetes due to the fact that they share same
over lapping genes .Approximately 40 loci associated with Type 1 diabetes out of which 39 associated Celiac disease. These genes RGS1, IL18RAP, CD26, CTLA4, ICOS, CCR5, IL2, IL21.In
future these genes give rise to other autoimmune diseases. Therefore, Emily developed diabetes type 1 . Another risk factor is Gluten containing diet. Gluten containing diet such as wheat,
barley and rye, both induce inflammation and subsequent autoimmune diseases such as celiac disease and type1diabetes.However, gluten free diet can lead to the deficiency of vitamin
b12 and D and other fat soluble vitamin (Zhang et al. 2015)
Emilia diagnosed with Diabetes type 1 when admitted to hospital .Aetiology of diabetes mellitus as follows:
Researchers identified specific genetic region called IDDM1 strongly responsible for type 1 diabetes. Some of the region also overlapped with celiac disease (Adlercreutz, et
al.2015).Different types of enterovius attachment can lead to the diabetes mellitus in few cases. Moreover, vaccinations of small pox. Tuberculosis also give rise to type 1 diabetes since
tuberculosis causes poor glycaemic control. Drinking cow milk has a link with occurrence of the diabetes Type 1(Willi et al., 2015).