Tourism Impacts and Management

This assignment delves into the multifaceted impacts of tourism, examining its effects on destinations from various perspectives. It analyzes the economic contributions of tourism, highlighting consumer spending trends and global travel patterns. The assignment also discusses the crucial role of tourism planning and management in mitigating negative impacts and promoting sustainable practices. Furthermore, it explores the significance of destination image and marketing strategies in attracting tourists.

Tourist
Destination

Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................4
Task 1.........................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Main Tourist Destinations and generators of the world..................................................4
1.2 Analysis of statistics in determination of tourism destination trends .............................5
Task 2.........................................................................................................................................9
Enclosed in PPT.....................................................................................................................9
Task 3.........................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Appeal of current leading tourist destinations with developing tourist destinations.......9
3.2 Evaluation of characteristics of tourist destination........................................................12
Task 4.......................................................................................................................................13
4.1 Analysis of issues affecting popularity of tourist destinations......................................13
4.2 Potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community................................14
Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................15
References................................................................................................................................17

Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Stastical data of consumer spending in travel and tourism industry...................7
Illustration 2: WORLD TRAVEL TRENDS.............................................................................8
Illustration 3: Outbound tourist data..........................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Tourism has been significantly contributing to the economy of a country. With the
increase in the investment power of people and awareness towards various tourist
destinations, the scope of tourism industry has become wide. Travel and tourism is rapidly
growing in different countries across the globe. In accordance to establish a new business of
tourism, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the needs and preferences
of customers and their requirements (Ashworth and Page, 201). The present module lays its
emphasis on the comprehensive study of challenges and issues faced by TUI Group, which is
the world's largest tourism organisation as well as comprises of wide range of portfolio of
tour and travel agencies, airlines and other tour operators. Moreover, it will also throw light
on various tourist receiver and generator destinations across the world in terms of tourist
statistics. Furthermore, it will also explore different features of specific tourist destinations
including cultural, physical and social elements. Along with this, several factors that are
affecting the popularity of tourist destination will also be analysed in this unit.
TASK 1
1.1 Main Tourist Destinations and generators of the world
TUI Group is one of the leading tourism businesses worldwide. Its broad portfolio
comprises of 4 tour operators, more than 1800 travel agencies, leading online portals and 6
airlines, over 300 hotels along with 13 cruise liners and countless agencies in many tourism
destinations across the world. Product and business development team of TUI Group is aimed
to provide better tourism experience, right form of holiday packages to its customers etc. by
keeping in mind the trust and loyalty of existing customers. Moreover, it also recognizes
several challenges and issues faced by tourist destinations of the United Kingdom and other
regions of the globe. It is required to analyse the major top 5 tourist destinations of the world
with the assistance of statistical data and information. Top five tourism destinations which are
mostly travelled by visitors are as follows: United Kingdom: Travel and tourism is rapidly growing in the UK and attracting
millions of visitors every year (Bajs, 2015). The contribution of cultural tourists to the
economy of London is significant as it is becoming largest source of income and
growth of capital. It has been reported that London receives relatively three times
more holiday visit than any other destination. There are various tourist destinations
like museums, art galleries, monuments, theatres, heritage and historical places which
are visited by large number of travellers every year. There are over 36 million visitors

who visit the UK for the purpose of leisure and recreation. It has also been estimated
that 8% of domestic visitors and 4% of foreigners visit different regions of the country
(Beritelli, 2015). In addition to this, it has also been reported that approximately $ 131
billion tourism income was earned by tour operators and agencies in 2013. The UK is
ranked at the eighth largest tourism destination across the world. Italy: It is also a popular tourist destination known for prolonged Mediterranean
coastline. Italy is famous for beautiful landscapes, coasts, dialects, culture and
diversified range of food cuisines. Millions of travellers focus to visit this country for
its variety of customs and rituals. Over the decades, number of nights spent by
travellers in accommodation establishments have been increasing by 18% in EU.
However, it has been demonstrated that over 48 million people visit Italy, Europe to
gain cultural experience. The tourism industry is also generating high revenues over
$45 billion every year and contributing to the economy in a significant manner. Greece: It is a premier-league destination which has diversified culture, incredible
places, interior walls, heritage and other places to visit (Canavan, 2016). Over 22.0
million of tourist visit the country and explore its fascinating destinations. Moreover,
travel and tourism business in Italy is significantly increasing and providing
opportunities to generate more sales revenue over $15 billion. Turkey: This country has clinched an effective image due to its exotic places. There
are many mosques, temples, churches, and historical interior designs which attract
millions of tourists. It has also various tourist sports and big resorts of unique history
with interior designs and galleries. It has been estimated by research that there are
over 39.8 million tourists who visit the country in a year.
 France: It is one of the most popular countries which is part of vanguard in the
development of Europe. There are many attractions in the France such as cave
paintings, hotels, monuments and etc. which attract millions of people every year.
There has been 83.7 million tourists who visited the country in one year. However,
sales revenue of tourism industry is also increasing by $66 billion which is
significantly contributing in the development of Europe economy.
1.2 Analysis of statistics in determination of tourism destination trends
Tourism industry in UK is growing at a faster rate. In the modern era of hyper
competition, it is necessary to predict the future and current trends which can highly

influence this industry. Government of the UK is required to participate in the development
of tourism sector and therefore, various tactics and strategies need to be developed and
implemented for the growth of this sector (Chen, Shang, and Li, 2014). In the present
scenario of technological advancement, people have become more aware about various
tourist destinations and their spending power is also increasing which allows them to travel
and explore the world. Globalisation also plays a vital role in the development of tourism
sector. Many companies are expanding their business and providing their services to different
regions of the country. Export and import of various services have increased which helps the
tourism industry in a significant manner to expand their broad spectrum of business.
Furthermore, increase in the development of hospitality sector is also increasing the growth
rate of travel and tourism industry.
Customers are spending huge amount of money in leisure and recreation activities and
acquiring premium hospitality services, which increases the percentage of disposable income.
It has been reported from market research in 2014 that over 1.1 million of people make
leisure trips to foreign countries (Crysta, 2011). Moreover, inbound trips are continuously
increasing at inclining trend, various inbound destinations like, Asia, Eastern Europe, South
Illustration 1: Stastical data of consumer spending in travel and tourism industry
Source: Claveria and Poluzzi, 2016

and North America is making their significance contribution in the development of travel and
tourism industry. Some way, outbound tourist in also increasing with significant rate. So, UK
should try to attract as many as people to travel its various tourist destinations which keep the
growth rate continuous.
Illustration 2: WORLD TRAVEL TRENDS
Sources: Damonte, 2013
However in many countries, natural tourist destinations are not available, so
government of these countries are significantly making efforts and participating in the
development of new man made physical attractions. Further, many strategies can also be
implemented for making improvements in particular tourist destination. People travel the
world for many reasons, some travel for the purpose of business, some of them just travel the
world to fulfil their fascination. So, government of many countries are making their
significant efforts in the development of travel and tourism industry.

It can be stated from the above graph that growth rate of tourism industry of Greece is very
slow. It just grow by 2% every year.
Destinations Expected growth in 2018
UK 6 %
France 8%
Greece 2%
Turkey 8%
Italy 6%
From the above table, it can be demonstrated that France and Turkey are leading in
the top five tourist destinations as their growth rate is reached to 8%. However, growth rate of
Greece is lowest from all other countries, which indicates that this country is experiencing
financial crisis and need to make strategies to reduce its expenditures.
TASK 2
Enclosed in PPT
Illustration 3: Outbound tourist data
Sources: Di Pietro, Di Virgilio and Pantano,2012

TASK 3
3.1 Appeal of current leading tourist destinations with developing tourist destinations
In accordance to the present scenario, huge difference has been seen in the travel and
tourism industry of developing and developed countries. Developing countries are
continuously making efforts to bring changes and improvements in the tourist industry, so
that more number of tourist can get attracted(López-Toro, and et. al., 2010). However, there
are various issues which are still faced by these countries while making developments in the
tourism industry. ON the other hand developed countries have already established and
developed their attractive destinations with the availability of many resources. For, instance,
travel and tourism industry of the UK make huge investment in the development of tourism
destinations, also avail premium services to customers so that they can get satisfaction. On
the other hand, developing country Cuba is also making efforts but has low growth rate and
weaken customer base. Moreover, the difference between travel and tourism industry of
developing and developed countries is given below:
Basis of differences Cuba United Kingdom
Physical Characteristics Cuba is known for its colonial
architectures, beaches,
landscapes, cultural history
and awesome climate.
The United Kingdom has
many physical attractions
like, monuments, art
galleries, heritage places,
theatres, various rituals,
festivals and cuisines attracts
people to visit its various
cities.
Number of tourist
destinations
Over 3 millions of tourist
make holiday trips to Cuba
for different purposes which
results in generation of huge
sum of amount.
It has been demonstrated
from the research that,
tourism industry of the UK is
generating huge profits of
over 32.6 million every year.
People come from overseas
and explore its incredible
places.

Economic Development Travel and tourism sector of
Cuba is contributing its
significant part in the growth
of economy. The economy of
the country is rising with
4.4% rate and will continue to
rise by 2025, if government
also participate in the
development process (Travel
and Tourism Economic
Impact CUBA. 2015).
Tourism sector of the UK is
growing at much faster rate
than any other industry and
significantly contributing
their part in the economy of
the UK. Moreover, this
industry is expected to
continuously grow by 2025.
Political conditions There is autocratic leadership
style in the Cuba, which
prevents travel and tourism
industry to grow (Mason,
2015). Moreover, tourism
industry also need to comply
with many legislations and
regulations of government of
Cuba which prevent people of
many countries to travel the
country. Strict rules
implemented by autocratic
leaders need to adhered by
tourist, which loose their
interest.
UK government is very much
supporting in making
improvements and
development in the tourism
industry. Unlike government
of Cuba, no such strict rules
are imposed on people of
different countries. Tourists
travel overseas to explore its
many attractive places.
Development of tourism
services and products
The government of Cuba is
accumulating huge amount of
money for development of its
various tourist destination.
Many organisations are
establishing their new tourism
However, travel and tourism
industry of the UK is seeking
for broader expansion,
therefore trying to avail many
leisure service to people who
have travel from overseas.

business, in order to attract
more people and availing
premium services. People
need to hired for rendering
hospitality services to
customers.
So, with the increase in
customer base, their
profitability will also
increase.
Access to the country Tourist are not allowed to
travel freely in the different
regions of Cuba. Due to
presence of rural zone in the
Cuba, tourist get less
opportunities to explore the
place.
However, in the UK there is
no as such restrictions on
travellers to visit the
countries. Less hindrances
are there, which attracts many
people to leisure visit.
3.2 Evaluation of characteristics of tourist destination
Tourist destinations from the developed nations, like UK are always appealing than
developing nations. Many factors are there, which highly influence the development of tourist
destination. By taking the example of Cuba, various issues can be discussed as follows:
Characteristics of Cuba Natural attractions: Over 263 sq km of area of Cuba is covered by national
biodiversity park, in which about 20% of area is segmented within its territories. The
country is making significance efforts in development of natural tourist destinations
and preserve its heritage. Support of Cuban citizens: In order to make developments in the tourism sector, it
need to get support from its local societies, communities and government (Molina,
Gomez. and Martín-Consuegra, 2010). With the assistance of their influence, tourist
agency will be able to make effective steps. Moreover, in the real of technological
advancements and globalisation, people can easily access many online websites and
services of tourism.

 Cultural heritage: Cuba is known for its unique culture and heritage which attracts
many people. UNESCO also shown its interest in the development process of tourism
industry (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). In order to experience cultural heritage, people
make many foreign visit and get immense level of satisfaction.
 Entrepreneurial movement: Cuba is rich in its natural and cultural assets which make
tourist to visit its places. From recent years, government of Cuba is also making huge
contribution in the development of tourism and travel industry.
 Improved facilities: With the rise in the tourism ratio, many tour services and facilities
are improved due to which many people get attracted to visit its heritage places. In
urban areas also, many improvements are made, like availability of electricity and
water, transportation system, infrastructure maintenance and other hygiene related
issues.
Characteristics of North Korea Cultural experience: Old tradition and customs of Korea highly influential, as
millions of people get attracted towards its history and rituals. The country has many
unexplored places, which tends to invite more people as they show their keen interest
to explore such unseen places. Moreover, for research purpose also, people visit there. Natural attractions: There are many attractive places in North Korea, such as,
mountains, monuments, casinos, lakes, parks, amusements parks and other which
highly attract many tourist (Prayag and Ryan, 2011).
 Choreographed affairs: Tour packages of North Korea are properly designed and able
to customize, due to which travellers can easily make their trip and explore it.
TASK 4
4.1 Analysis of issues affecting popularity of tourist destinations
TUI group has main aims to provide a comfortable and effective tourism facility to
society, environment and communities but it’s not an easy task to promote a particular
destination there are various factors and barrier that affect and restrict the growth of tourist
destination (Prayag, 2010). That factors are as follows. Environmental factors- Good climate is one of the most significant features of
attraction for any tourist spot. However due to lack of good environment conditions,
tourist can face barriers regarding their tourism destination. Lack of greenery, lack of

resources, increasing population affect the popularity of tourism. Any tourist would
like to go at a place that is clean, peaceful and environmentally good. With the respect
to provide a very special experience to traveller, TUI group has played a very positive
role within context of sustainable tourism. By which it can minimising the
environmental impact to tourism (Sartori, Mottironi and Corigliano, 2012). Natural factors- People always want to travel that place where natural resources like
location destination, climate, flora, fauna, proximity to water, comfortable and
attractive, beautiful natural site, etc. are well good and effective. But lack of such
condition of climate it may be huge effect to tourism like earthquakes, floods, volcano
etc., and these natural calamities has brought lots of damages and destruction. Recent
example is the floods in U.S.A. 2016. It is very popular destitution among travellers
with regard to tourism, these kind of incidents creates a fear in mind of masses and
they avoid to visit the places Terrorism- Terrorism is a very huge factor which affect the tourism at large level. It
has created a great threat to the entire travel and tourism development. Many
countries have been affected by this problem such like London, Pakistan, America,
France, Paris, and India also. (Tortella and Tirado, 2011) For instance, 9/11 attacks in
USA and 26/11 attacks in India are some example of terrorism threat in industry.
These type of incidents restricts the number of traveller across the world. TUI group
is required to deal with problem of terrorism in tourism and travel industry. They
should make plan and strategies regarding it Lack of responsibilities- other important factor is lack of responsibilities of
government and local authorities. They are responsible for maintenance and for
preparing well infrastructure from time to time at regular intervals. If they are unable
to fulfil their responsibilities than it may be arise negative affect on travellers who
want to travel that place. The places need up up-gradation and maintenance. If
destination is in good shape then travellers will be attract towards tourism.
 Lack of promotion – Another factor which impacts the popularity is lack of
promotion. There is a need to make the people aware about the places that they want
to visit. The problem is that they are faced with lack of information (Žabkar, Brenčič
and Dmitrović, 2010). There is no proper guidance regarding the visiting places. So

there is a requirement that authorities must create such channels through which
adequate information can be created. Hence it will not affect the popularity.
4.2 Potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community
The term responsible tourism is an approach which emphasise to bring greater
benefits to travel and tourism industry by minimising the impact of social, environmental,
economical and other factors. Responsible tourism is aimed to enhance the well being of
local community, societies and other groups. That's why it plays an important role in
promotion of various tourist destination of country. TUI Group is carrying out business
operation in various countries, including Europe, Turkey, Egypt, Costa Rica Mexico and
Thailand. As, it is required to improve tout services and facilities, rendered to tourist so that
they will be get attracted (The travel and tourism industry. ed). These countries need to
market analysis about the requirements and choices of people, so that they can develop
customized tour packages and avail services according to their desires. Moreover, there
should be taken care of many facilities, including, water facilities, electricity, transportation
and other environmental issues. The TUI Group also required to expand its business in many
developing countries, where it can get opportunities to grow and prosper by availing its tour
services to customers. TUI is also aimed to bring sustainable development in the tourism
sector. It is making many group strategies, setting future strategic plans and priorities, lasing
with other businesses in order to undertake their needs and demands.
Moreover, the Code of conduct of TUI is also adopting many principles of UN Global
Compact initiative and formulating minimum standards in the area of basic values, honesty,
values, adherence to law, business methods, ethical standards and social responsibility.
Moreover, TUI Group is also seeking for many growth opportunities, which can be done by
strategic alliances, mergers and acquisitions, takeovers or joint ventures in order to avail
accommodation establishments, transportation and other hospitality services to customers.
Furthermore, it is recommended to travel and tourism industry of countries to build strong
relationships with local communities, government and other unions. Moreover, it is also
required to hire potential candidates who have ability to effectively communicate with tourist,
having knowledge of many languages, can tackle their tantrums and having good
management skills. Furthermore, it is also required to guide and direct tourist and providing
them all relevant information bout the destination. Tourist guides must not misguide the
travellers and direct them properly. Apart from this, its is also required to preserve ancient

heritage and culture, as each place has its own values and stories. However. TUI need to act
as protagonist in the process of development of sustainable and responsible tourism.
Furthermore, support from local authorities and government is also necessary to
initiate some development program. A positive environment should be created, so that
localities can also participate in the development process.
CONCLUSION
Apparently, travel and tourism industry is fastest growing country which is making its
significant contribution in the growth of economy of a country. From the above report, it can
be stated that tourism sector is getting affected by many factors, involving cultural, political
and social. Therefore, it has become necessary to analyse these factors make effective
measures. Also, with the assistance of statistical data and information, the growth rate of
inbound and outbound tourist has been analysed. It can also be inferred from above report
that, tourism industry of developed countries is facing many challenges and issues in the
competitive market with the change in customer's needs and demands. Moreover, tourism
industry of the UK is also making many efforts to bring changes and improvements in
hospitality services, tour packages and other facilities.

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