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Child Development - Assignment

   

Added on  2021-04-16

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Running head: CHILD DEVELOPMENTChild DevelopmentName of the studentName of the UniversityAuthor note
Child Development - Assignment_1
1CHILD DEVELOPMENTa. Social Learning Theory was born from the learning theory and it explains how one canlearn new behaviour by observing other people. The social learning theory of Bandura statesthat human beings have a tendency of learning from one another by taking recourse toobservation and imitation (Norton & Wolpaw, 2018). This theory acts as a bridge betweenthat of the behaviourist and the cognitive learning theory. The aggressive behaviour of Justincan be explained in terms of social learning theory.The aggressive behaviours manifested in Justin are that of punching and kicking. Heis doing this to his friends at school. The wrestling match that Justin was watching with hisparents was responsible for this aggressive act of Justin. He started displaying the aggressivebehaviours after he found out that his family members were high-fiving and cheering whenthe wrestler punched the opponent during the match.Justin has watched the wrestling match along with his parents and older siblings thathas caused him to learn the aggressive behaviours. His family was cheering and clappingduring the wrestling match that has made Justin to think that it was something that should bepractised in real life. This is the reason why Justin started exhibiting these aggressivetendencies at school (Miller & Morris, 2016). It has been observed that human beings learnby the help of observation. By the act of observation they form an idea regarding how thenew behaviours can be formed. In later cases, the coded information act as a guide in relationto actions.The Social Learning Theory states that the children who are exposed to that oftelevised aggression have the tendency of becoming more aggressive (Thomas & Simpson,2014). Their behaviour are not reinforced by consequences but still they develop suchaggressive instincts. It involves the internal processes of attention and memory and youngchildren start learning by watching other people. This theory explains the human behaviour in
Child Development - Assignment_2
2CHILD DEVELOPMENTreference to reciprocal interaction that is continuous. According to Bandura, world and thebehaviour of a person influence each other. The theory of behaviourism states that theenvironment of an individual gives rise to the behaviour. According to Bandura, this processwas very simplistic and he stated that behaviour was responsible for causing the environmentalso. Personality was an interaction between that of the three components: environment,psychological process of an individual and the behaviour (Taylor, 2017). A child takes intoaccount what another person has to face before they copy the actions of other people. It hasbeen seen that when a younger sister watches an elder sister being rewarded then she starts torepeat such a behaviour. This is termed as vicarious reinforcement.The observed individuals are termed as models. In the society, children find manyinfluential models like that of parents, different characters on TV and friends in the peergroup. These are the models that provide examples to the children which the children canobserve and also imitate. Young children identify with that of the model that and if they seethat the model is reinforced for the actions then they start to copy the particular model (Miller& Morris, 2016). Justin has started kicking and punching at the school as he has observed thathis family was applauding the act of punching on television. It has been found that if theconsequence is rewarding then the child has a tendency of performing the particularbehaviour (Jennings & Henderson, 2014). According to Bandura, human beings act as activeinformation processor and they ponder about the relationship between behaviour and that ofconsequences (Bandura, 2015). Cognitive processes were responsible for observationallearning. b. Nature and nurture both contribute in the process of development of the child. There aresome physical characteristics that can be biologically determined with the help of geneticinheritance. The colour of one’s eyes and pigmentation of skin are inherited with the help ofgenes. There are speculations regarding whether the psychological characteristics like mental
Child Development - Assignment_3

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