Child Growth and Development: Understanding Patterns, Principles, and Theories

This report discusses the understanding patterns, principles, and theories that contribute to growth and development from birth to eight years. It includes case studies and factors that may impact children's growth and development. The report also covers how assessment is used to identify children's growth and development and the support they need. The subject is child growth and development, and the course code and name are not mentioned. The report is relevant to anyone interested in child development and is suitable for college and university students.

17114 unit 18
Child growth and
development

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Case Study 1 Shajah...............................................................................................................3
Case Study 2 Ben....................................................................................................................5
Case Study 3 Daisy.................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Child growth and development includes the critical window of opportunity which are highly
effective that can include the holistic development which build the foundation for their future. In
they need for better human care for the nutrition, sense of security, protection form harm and
different opportunities for learning and responsive caregiving. Here, it is essential to take care of
every child growth and their proper development which are associated with taking care of
effective development in their future. In early years, it is essential to provide better and effective
response towards children physical growth, motor skills and their cognitive and language
development. In this, report, there is discussion about the understanding patterns, principles
along with theories which can be effective in contributing growth and development from birth to
eight years (Said‐Mohamed and et. al., 2018). There is also discussion about the factors which
may impact children growth and their development. This report also includes the how assessment
used to identify children growth and development and their needed support.
MAIN BODY
Case Study 1 Shajah
Shajah is eight months old and she is not getting familiar with their parents due to their busy
schedule. In this, she need to stay in the nursery when her parents are at work. She is good with
her health and needed proper growth and development which should be taken care in that nursery
(Baird, 2019). Here, Shajah growth is average where it is essential to ensure that these growth
and development should be run in the right way and through using the early childhood growth
and development theory, it can be helpful in dealing with better improvement which are
associated with taking care about Shajah proper development. Shajah is not comfortable when
any stranger approaches to her. Here, it is essential to make her development in such a way that
she may get comfortable unless anyone try to harm her. Here, Bowlby’s attachment theory can
be highly effective which is able to deliver better social development for the children. Here, John
Bowbly has proposed the early theory which is related to the social development. Here, it
includes that early relationship with caregivers is highly effective in child development which
can continue to influence the social relationship throughout life (Keller, 2018).
Early childhood of Shajah includes the proper growth and development in which it has
been observed that early emotional bond should be established between the child and parents

which is the key for the healthy development. Challenges to establishing those bond can have
different consequences which can lead to create high impact on the child throughout
development. Here, through using this attachment theory, it includes number of perspective
which is effective in child proper growth and their development. Here, it includes the cognitive,
psychodynamic and developmental psychology along with ethology. These all include the result
as the attachment theory.
Through the attachment theory, it includes the child evolution which can includes
different stages or phases of attachment that can involve in children proper growth and
development. These are the attachment theory where Shajah can learn about the establishing
social relationship which includes different ability to get interacted with other person. Here,
through using the attachment theory, it may include different phase that enable care givers to
learn and provide better opportunities to provide proper growth and development (Yip and et.
al.,.2018).
Stage 1 Birth to 3 months- During first two or three months of life, infants are able to
recognise people but they are not able to distinguish them where they create attachment with
them. Here, baby get encourages about the caregiving and attachment which can include crying,
babbling, grasping and sucking. This lead to create the attachment which help to get closer to
them which can lead to promote the bonding along with emotional investment.
Stage 2 From 3 to 6 months- When infants are able to recognise about after 3 months of
their birth, then they are able to get better and effective response towards identifying the
individual which include starting differentiating which includes the attachment which people like
to prefer. They like to respond toward the people whom they get attached with and like to
response towards them. This can help in showing the attachment towards their caregiver and also
show the signs of cognitive growth and development.
Stage 3 From 6 months to 3 years- This stage includes behaviour of children that includes
the difference that is effective and show the impact when their favourite person left the room
then child show the emotion of getting anxiety and not happy with this (Yang and et. al.,.2018).
Such type of behaviour shows the emotional development which include the attachment towards
the individual which includes better growth and development that influence child to make their
life much better and improve their future.

Phase 4 From 3 years till childhood ends- This is the one which include the emotional
development where children feel that their care takers have their own goal and they get less
concerned when their caretakers left for some time. Here, Shajah shouod be treated well and
through applying the attachment theory, it can be effective and apply in such a way that can
allow to for better and effective growth and development that includes the effectiveness of the
future development. Here, Shajah is only eight months old and needed to get better care which
can assist them in getting better and effective response (Mikulincer and et. al.,.2021). Attachment
theory can be effective to understand and provide different stages in delivering better growth and
development.
With changing in lifestyle and pattern, it includes the use of attachment theory where
Shajah can get enable to get highly affect through getting attachment with her caregivers. This
can influence and assist to provide better growth and development throughout life. This can also
help and assist in improving through learning and development to encourage better life.
Case Study 2 Ben
It is essential to understand the importance of children growth and their proper
development where they should get involved in different activities. There are many children who
are not able to proper communicate with other individual which can be there due to different
causes There is need to ensure that it is essential to apply these for the effective response where
they should talk about the effective response of children. Here, Ben is four years old and having
very less interaction with other individual. Ben face difficulty in dealing with the situation of
staying along which leads to create the situation where Ben is not able to get connect with the
world that leads to create the impact of not getting better interaction with others and face
difficulty to communicate with others.
Here, cognitive development is needed for Ben which can lead to create high impact on
his growth and development (Sanghvi, 2020). Here, it is essential to ensure about the proper
development of mind that can influence to achieve better and effective response towards dealing
with Ben behaviour. Cognitive development includes how children explore, think and figure out
things. This can lead to the development of skills, knowledge, disposition and problem solving
which are associated with the world that are linked with them. Brain development is highly
necessary and needed for better and effective response towards child cognitive development.

Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development suggest that every child passes through
four different stages which are related with mental development. This include the acquiring
knowledge and understanding nature of children. Four different stages include the sensorimotor
stage which includes birth to 2 years, preoperational stages from 2 to 7 years, concrete operation
stages from 7 to 11 years and formal operational stage from 12 to up.
In sensorimotor stage, it includes different characteristics along with development this
provide interdict of world to child where they face the sensation and learn different actions like
grasping, sucking, looing and listening. They can understand that there is impact on the world
due to their actions that provide them improving their learning regarding world.
In preoperational stage include the thinking symbolically and help in learning about the
object that are associated with the picture which represent the objects (Say and et. al.,.2019).
These enable children to see the things with other perspective and allow for their development. It
can also enable Ben to improve the language and thinking which are associated with the
concerned terms that are associated with foundation of language development. Here, through
applying the theory, it provides the learning about the effective development which are
associated with taking care of children stage of development which can help to continue their
thinking about the world. In this stage, Ben learn about understanding the world perspective
which can help to influence about the language development which can be effective for Ben and
influence to speak more appropriately. Here, this theory can provide high impact on the language
development which are associated with taking care of the effective response and help Ben to
communicate with other in his school. This can allow to make him friends and influence in
performing well during communication and interaction with others. It can also help Ben to
understand others perspective which can be effective in delivery of better impact on Ben’s
growth and development (Masten, 2018).
In the concreate operational stage, children learn to think logically about the concreate
events. This can help to understand the concept of conversation and help in thinking more
organised with getting concreate about it. In this, stage child learns about the critical thinking
which are associated with better understanding. During this, it leads to create impact on the
development which can tend to struggle with hypothetical and abstract concepts. Here, they also
learn about their behaviour which can influence them in their better growth and development and
assist to learn well that create the concern about thinking of other regarding them.

Formal operational stage includes the developmental changes that are associated with
thinking about the reason related with hypothetical problems. Here, children like to learn about
the ethical, philosophical and social change which can related with the critical thinking which are
associated with abstract reasoning. Here, child learn about the logic and understand the ideas
which can help in better growth and development (Khalid, 2020).
Through using this theory Ben can get better opportunity to develop his cognitive
learning which are associated with better and effective response. This can also help in improving
the behaviour which are associated with issue of speaking with other. This can also help to get
interacted with others and can help in improving the idea which can enable to improve the
learning and help in better growth and development.
Case Study 3 Daisy
It is essential to live effectively in the society and for this, there is need to learn about the
behaviour which have high impact on learning about the society. This is the one which needs to
created high impact on social learning. It is essential to learn the social behaviour which can help
to provide better understanding about the effective response towards others.
Social learning theory suggests the social behaviour which include learning through the
observation and imitating behaviour (Baltes, 2019). Through using this, learning theory, it
includes the focus on reinforcement and environment which affect individual behaviour. Here,
social learning theory help in provide bridge which can help in connecting individual about the
traditional learning and the cognitive learning. It can allow to influence towards the behaviour
which can help to learn and apply in the life-long process. Social learning theory can be effective
which can help to understand that about the individual psychology and influence to learn about
the conditioning and reinforcement process which include the human learning. Here, it is
essential to provide better observation of the action which are learn by the children during their
developmental stage. Here, Daisy has some behaviour which are not good for the society and
should be change which can help in getting better and appropriate to make some changes that can
help in improving better and effective response (Le and et. al., 2021). Here, this theory implies
that human learn through the behaviour of others and instruction plays an important role in the
helping individual to attain some behaviour that can help to get better and effective response
towards the behaviour. Here, Daisy need to learn about being polite which can be learned

through seeing the society and learn about the good behaviour that can help to learn about
understating others and keep calm in different situation.
Social learning theory also includes the learning approach which assist the acknowledgment
which is highly effective and help to understand the complex social behaviour of individual.
Children are able to learn about the effective repose and learn through observation. Here, they
also learn some behaviour from the people around them. This can influence to use those learning
in their life and perform accordingly. It has high response towards the learning which associates
with delivery of better and effective response towards the learning which have the role in their
growth and development (Agustin and et. al., 2021). Children are able to learn more effective in
their initial phase, in which during childhood they are able to learn about different behaviour
which are influence through the society. They also learn about showing their emotion through
specific behaviour which show their social learning. There is high impact on the children
learning and help in to adopt better behaviour which can influence better way to deal with
society and influence to learn about good behaviour which influence better understanding about
the effective social response towards the social learning. Social learning theory also help in
children growth and their development and include the learning about proper behaviour and how
to react in different situation. This can all include high impact on the Daisy behaviour which
should be associates with better change in her behaviour and allow to adopt better improvement
in the future growth and development (Uduji and et. al., 2021).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it can conclude that there are different theories of children
growth and development that create high impact on the delivery of better improvement. This also
includes different theory that allow to get impact through change in leaning different approaches
for the growth and development in the children. This can work effectively and help in achieving
better outcomes. This can lead to create high impact on the different learning that are associated
with taking care of effective learning that can allow to get better growth and development in
children. In this, report there is discussion about the different stages of growth and development
that can influence in different area. There is also discussion about different pattern about growth
and development in the selected for the different ages of children.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Agustin, M., Puspita, R.D., Inten, D.N. and Setiyadi, R., 2021. Early Detection and Stimulation
of Multiple Intelligences in Kindergarten. International Journal of Instruction, 14(4).
Baird, J., 2019. Parental substance misuse and child development: The role of the health visitor
in Scotland. Journal of Health Visiting, 7(2), pp.60-65.
Baltes, P.B., 2019. Life-span developmental psychology: Observations on history and theory
revisited. In Developmental psychology (pp. 79-112). Routledge.
Keller, H., 2018. Universality claim of attachment theory: Children’s socioemotional
development across cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(45),
pp.11414-11419.
Khalid, A., Hassan, T.U. and Shabir, G., 2020. Cultivation Effects of Social Media on Cognitive,
Social and Moral Skills of Adolescents in Pakistan. Journal of Business and Social
Review in Emerging Economies, 6(2), pp.419-436.
Le, L.H. and Hancer, M., 2021. Using social learning theory in examining YouTube viewers’
desire to imitate travel vloggers. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology.
Masten, A.S., 2018. Resilience theory and research on children and families: Past, present, and
promise. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 10(1), pp.12-31.
Mikulincer, M. and Shaver, P.R., 2021. Enhancing the “broaden-and-build” cycle of attachment
security as a means of overcoming prejudice, discrimination, and racism. Attachment &
Human Development, pp.1-14.
OlufemiI, I.O., Sunday, O.C. and Liberty, S.M., Provision of Child Health Care Service to
Internally Displaced Persons Camps in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Said‐Mohamed, R., Pettifor, J.M. and Norris, S.A., 2018. Life History theory hypotheses on
child growth: Potential implications for short and long‐term child growth, development
and health. American journal of physical anthropology, 165(1), pp.4-19.
Sanghvi, P., 2020. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development: a review. Indian Journal of Mental
Health, 7(2), pp.90-96.
Say, R., Visentin, D., Betihavas, V. and Minutillo, S., 2019. A cognitive load theory simulation
design to assess and manage deteriorating patients. International journal of nursing
education scholarship, 16(1).
Uduji, J.I., Okolo-Obasi, E.N. and Asongu, S.A., 2021. Does growth enhancement support
scheme (GESS) contribute to youth development in informal farm entrepreneurship?
Evidence from rural communities in Nigeria. Journal of Enterprising Communities:
People and Places in the Global Economy.
Yang, W. and Sia, C.L., 2018, July. Why blogger sells: An approach from the attachment theory.
In International Conference on HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations (pp.
526-535). Springer, Cham.
Yip, J., Ehrhardt, K., Black, H. and Walker, D.O., 2018. Attachment theory at work: A review
and directions for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(2), pp.185-
198.