Child and Young Person Development: Factors, Theories, and Interventions

This study material covers various aspects of child and young person development, including factors influencing development, theories supporting development, interventions for positive outcomes, and more. It provides answers to questions related to speech and language, transactions, and developing positive relationships with children and young people. The content is relevant for students pursuing courses in health and social care.

HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE

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Table of Contents
Understand Child and Young Person Development...........................................................................4
Answer to question 1.1......................................................................................................................4
Answer to question 1.2......................................................................................................................4
Answer to question 2.1......................................................................................................................4
Answer to question 2.2......................................................................................................................4
Answer to question 2.3......................................................................................................................5
Answer to question 3.1......................................................................................................................5
Answer to question 3.2......................................................................................................................5
Answer to question 3.3......................................................................................................................5
Answer to question 3.4......................................................................................................................5
Answer to question 4.1......................................................................................................................6
Answer to question 4.2......................................................................................................................6
Answer to question 4.3......................................................................................................................6
Answer to question 5.1......................................................................................................................6
Answer to question 5.2......................................................................................................................6
Promote Child and Young Person Development...................................................................................7
Answer to question 1.1......................................................................................................................7
Answer to question 1.2......................................................................................................................7
Answer to question 1.2......................................................................................................................7
Answer to question 2.2......................................................................................................................7
Answer to question 2.3......................................................................................................................7
Answer to question 3.1......................................................................................................................8
Answer to question 4.1......................................................................................................................8
Answer to question 4.2......................................................................................................................8
Answer to question 5.2......................................................................................................................8
Answer to question 6.1......................................................................................................................9
Develop Positive Relationship with Children, Young People and Others Involved in Their Care...........9
Answer to question 1.1......................................................................................................................9
Answer to question 1.2......................................................................................................................9
Answer to question 2.1......................................................................................................................9
Working Together for the Benefit of Children and Young People.......................................................10
Answer to question 1.1....................................................................................................................10
Answer to question 1.2....................................................................................................................10
Answer to question 1.3....................................................................................................................10

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Answer to question 1.4....................................................................................................................11
Answer to question 1.5....................................................................................................................11
Answer to question 3.3....................................................................................................................11
Understanding how to Support Positive Outcomes for Children and Young People...........................11
Answer to question 1.1....................................................................................................................11
Answer to question 1.2....................................................................................................................12
Answer to question 1.3....................................................................................................................12
Answer to question 2.1....................................................................................................................12
Answer to question 2.2....................................................................................................................12
Answer to question 2.3....................................................................................................................12
Answer to question 2.4....................................................................................................................13
Answer to question 3.1....................................................................................................................13
Answer to question 3.2....................................................................................................................13
Answer to question 3.3....................................................................................................................13
Answer to question 3.4....................................................................................................................13
Answer to question 4.1....................................................................................................................14
Answer to question 4.2....................................................................................................................14
Assessment and planning with children and young people.................................................................14
Answer to question 1.1....................................................................................................................14
Answer to question 1.2....................................................................................................................14
Answer to question 1.3....................................................................................................................14
Answer to question 1.4....................................................................................................................15
Answer to question 1.5....................................................................................................................15
Answer to question 2.3....................................................................................................................15
Answer to question 2.5....................................................................................................................15
Promote the well-being and resilience of children and young people................................................16
Answer to question 1.1....................................................................................................................16
Answer to question 1.2....................................................................................................................16
Answer to question 1.3....................................................................................................................16
Answer to question 1.4....................................................................................................................16
Answer to question 2.1....................................................................................................................16
Answer to question 2.2....................................................................................................................17
Answer to question 2.5....................................................................................................................17
Answer to question 3.2........................................................................................................................17
Answer to question 4.4........................................................................................................................17
Professional practice in children and young people’s social care........................................................17

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Answer to question 1.1....................................................................................................................17
Answer to question 1.2....................................................................................................................18
Answer to question 2.1....................................................................................................................18
Answer to question 2.2....................................................................................................................18
Answer to question 2.3....................................................................................................................18
Answer to question 2.4....................................................................................................................18
Support children and young people to achieve their education potential..........................................19
Answer to question 1.1....................................................................................................................19
Answer to question 1.2....................................................................................................................19
Answer to question 1.3....................................................................................................................19
Answer to question 3.1....................................................................................................................19
Answer to question 3.2....................................................................................................................19
Answer to question 4.1....................................................................................................................20
Support children and young people to make positive changes in their lives.......................................20
Answer to question 1.1....................................................................................................................20
Answer to question 1.2....................................................................................................................20
Answer to question 1.3....................................................................................................................20
Answer to question 2.1....................................................................................................................20
Answer to question 3.2....................................................................................................................21
Answer to question 3.3....................................................................................................................21
References...........................................................................................................................................22

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Understand Child and Young Person Development
Answer to question 1.1
Every child have different rate of development in terms of physical, social, emotional,
behavioural or moral development. When the child is between 0-3 years they develop social
skills by playing with others. Between years 4-7 they tend to develop physical skills and are
capable of performing their own task. Between year 8-12 years, child tend to develop
emotional skills as they understand things (Dowling, 2014). Between years 13-19 they tend to
develop behavioural skills as they are independent and take their decision on their own.
Answer to question 1.2
There is a difference between sequence of development and rate at which development take
place as sequence of development refers to step by step process in which child learns the
skills and the rate means speed at which they grab the skills. Rate of learning differ from
child to child.
Answer to question 2.1
Factors that influence children and younger people’s development are personal factors. It
influence the child’s personality as they involve most of the time performing physical
activities (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2018). Children’s need extra support for their development
whereas younger people are aware as they take they decisions on their own.
Answer to question 2.2
It is true that there are certain external factors that develop children and younger people, like
the place they live affect their heath. Lack of certain facilities must be harmful in
development process (Bijleveld, Dedding and Bunders‐Aelen, 2015). The peer conditions
also contribute in the development phase as environmental conditions affect the child’s
development.

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Answer to question 2.3
The theories that support development are emotional and social development. Emotional
development is key concern in development as it influences children to build social
interactions with others (Murray and Hallett, 2010). The other theory related to social
development relates the life’s behaviour by observing the people in the surrounding.
Answer to question 3.1
It is important to monitor development in younger people and children using different
methods include identification so that negative behaviours are not inculpated. Other than
identifying, assessing outside knowledge helps in making better decisions to avoid negative
impacts on their development cycle.
Answer to question 3.2
There is no fixed method followed by an individual in a development cycle. As younger
people and children get influenced by health issues, personal problem, disability from
something or environmental issue it is difficult to develop a fixed patter for development
(Healy and Darlington, 2018). Apart from that every individual has different issues.
Answer to question 3.3
Disability affects development of an individual as they may have learning problem that will
impact the growth of an individual Disability in any area affects social, physical or
intellectual skills. Disabilities create difficulty in boosting a better development in children
and young people.
Answer to question 3.4
Different types of interventions that promote positive outcomes for children and young
people are providing treatment to those who are suffering from disabilities. Also by
promoting programs at school level helps in better development (Smith, 2017). Also
educational psychologist helps in promoting positive outcomes by taking in consideration
social, personal and intellectual skills.

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Answer to question 4.1
It is importance to identify the speech, language and communication disabilities in early stage
to avoid risks. Identifying the risks helps in making plans to deal with all kind of risk. Thus
all the risks are assessed to avoid the chance of explicit damage to the system.
Answer to question 4.2
Multiagency work together to support speech, language and communication by ensuring that
support is provided to them. Action plans are undertaken for the progress of child’s
development by bringing their own expertise that may involve in working to support children,
young people and families.
Answer to question 4.3
Play and activities are used to enhance the development of speech, language and
communication among children. They promote child to develop the listening and speaking
skills and make them active, improving the language level. Playing area helps in developing
many skills that too rate faster rate as child seems to be interested in every area thus grabs the
skills faster.
Answer to question 5.1
Transactions are important part in children as well as young people as it helps those
experiencing unique transactions. Emotional transactions occur at times of parent separation
this helps in building personal skills in an individual. Physical transaction or physiological
transaction occurs due to some medical conditions. These transaction somewhere helps in
developing more skills.
Answer to question 5.2
During transaction children’s and young people should maintain positive effectiveness as it
will help them in long term to cope up with the disabilities faster. It helps in boosting
confidence among children’s life and support in making right decisions (Carr, 2015).

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Promote Child and Young Person Development
Answer to question 1.1
Factors that need to be taken care while accessing development are confidentiality, reliability
and cultural background. Knowing about the ethnic and linguistic background helps in
knowing the development rate of children (Brittian Loyd and Williams, 2017). Also biases
need to be avoided foe making sure that actual progress takes place.
Answer to question 1.2
Development in the following areas:
a) Physical – It deals with body development in terms of appearance.
b) Communication – This develop the leaning in terms of communication.
c) Intellectual/cognitive – it helps in developing memory as well as concentration of an
individual.
d) Social, emotional and behavioural – This is important as it creates a unique identity of
every individual by developing personal skills.
e) Moral – It deals with gaining skills in all aspects.
Answer to question 1.2
Assessment method provides information that reflects the progress of an individual. Direct
and indirect methods are used to demonstrate the outcomes of learning. Direct method asks
the children’s directly about their progress were as indirect methods include surveys or
reflection strategies.
Answer to question 2.2
Development plan is evaluated is checking the risks and analysing the planning strategies. It
is responsible in dealing with conditions that may be helpful to take appropriate actions. It
defines the risks and appropriate actions that need to be in cooperated.
Answer to question 2.3

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Person centred approach is important as it gauntness the priority of a person before any other
factor (Black et. al, 2017). It is beneficial as it helps in learning correct skills and increases
the learning skills by showing better opportunities. Inclusive approach supports an individual
to achieve their own individual goals.
Answer to question 3.1
Environmental factors affect the growth of an individual as it promotes opportunity for
families who have low income by developing educational facilities. Also by providing
financial support, opening family centres and building trust among individual (Sancassiani,et.
al, 2015). Supporting an individual to build social skills helps in grooming the personality.
Answer to question 4.1
The practise taken by an individual in the working environment to build self-esteem by
building positive attitude that will encourage them and making them feel valued. Correct
procedures are taken to ensure that the children are offered a stimulating environment which
will further allow optimum possibilities for development.
Answer to question 4.2
There are several agencies that promote children development; they have certain agendas set
for meeting all the needs in term of social, emotional, physical and intellectual development
(Smith, et. al, 2014). They provide funding for meeting the developmental goals by teaching
parents and giving them information on how to attain and help children’s and young people
who needs helps.
Answer to question 5.2
There are various services that promote positive behaviour. Some are reinforcing positive
attitude in the environment by focusing on positive attributes. Creating positive sense of
behaviour in the environment helps in removing the inequalities and injustice.

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Answer to question 6.1
There are different transactions due to which an individual experience a sense of loss from
another setting, from their friends, feel disorientated, remain depressed, have feeling of
separation anxiety and do not have any motivation. These transactions affect the growth of an
individual in a positive manner (Allesch and Brunner, 2014).
Develop Positive Relationship with Children, Young People and
Others Involved in Their Care
Answer to question 1.1
Positive relation between children and younger people are important as it builds self-esteem
in an individual that also helps in building trust among them. Positive attitude reflects that
negative impacts have been monitored by providing consistent care service (Zhang, et. al,
2015). It enables younger child to monitor the welfare of children’s so that proper care could
be provided.
Answer to question 1.2
It is important to for own self to maintain positive behaviour with younger people to
strengthening stress power at the workplace which leads to positive growth of an individual.
Building positive reinforcement among individual helps in boosting confidence and enhances
employee’s experience. It creates positive atmosphere and helps in removing negativity like
anger, frustration and stress.
Answer to question 2.1
It is essential that people who provide child care purse positive behaviour. As they share
ideas and skills with younger people so that they make new relations. Educational and care
centres supports children’s to build positive relationship with younger people by motivating
them to build strong relation between social wellbeing’s as it contributes in maintaining the

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mental health of children’s and develop positive sense of humour (Roberts, 2017). This could
be achieved if the care givers maintain positive attitude.
Working Together for the Benefit of Children and Young People
Answer to question 1.1
Multi-agency working is important as it enable different kind of services at one place to solve
the problem. It is effective as it helps in supporting children by providing additional facilities
to obtain a secure outcome (Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi, 2014). Integrated working is
important at it take concern of a single individual by focusing on issues of an individual that
really need help to improve the lifestyle.
Answer to question 1.2
Role of external agencies like educational welfare resolves the issue of children’s at school
level, they are also concerned about various diseases and their recovery methods (Newman
and Newman, 2017). Other external agencies inspect the health and safety of an individual by
providing medical support.
Answer to question 1.3
There are various barriers in integrated and multi-agency working like:
 They lack gaining interest from people as they are not aware.
 People are unfamiliar with the strategies used by them.
Thus to overcome such barriers promotion need to be done so that people get to know about
different opinions.

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Answer to question 1.4
Making referrals are important as it enhances the business by providing growth. Referrals are
made by staffs or any employee by suggesting new customers who is seeking for work
(Munford and Sanders, 2015). It is important as it helps in building trust between clients.
Answer to question 1.5
CAF (Common assessment framework) is used to deliver the services that are designed to
focus the need to younger people. It accesses the needs of children then developing plans to
deal with all kind of circumstances (Driskell, 2017) .
Answer to question 3.3
a) Whenever abuse is suspected among child or young person it is disclosed among the child
protection community. As they maintain confidentiality of the data and take proper actions to
resolve the issue (Hockenberry, Wilson. and Rodgers, 2016).
b) Whenever crime has been committed by child, eyes need to be kept so that it doesn’t
commit bigger crime. Child protection committee find out ways to justify the children’s
activities and make them aware about the dangerous issues.
Understanding how to Support Positive Outcomes for Children and
Young People
Answer to question 1.1
There are certain issues that affect the life of children and younger people:
Social factors- It may be caused because child is suffering from some illness or disability,
they do not get involve in physical activities and have the feeling of isolation,
Economic factor- Children may lack parental support and they are unaware about the services
offered to them which results in involvement of child in wrong activities (Kitzinger, 2015).

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Cultural factor- There are certain beliefs that restrict the ability of children to participate in
certain events.
Answer to question 1.2
Poverty has an impact on the development skills as low income families are suffering from
hardships and are not able to support their children’s by providing proper education, diet a
well as learning’s. Thus poverty affects the living outcomes in a negative way.
Answer to question 1.3
The role of children and younger people experiences help them in developing their
communication skills and enhance their decision making power. They become self-
determinant and know how to deal with the risks (Streiner, Norman and Cairney,2015). If
child is indulged in wrong activities it will affect its own behaviour.
Answer to question 2.1
The positive outcomes can be achieved using ‘every child matters’ framework that ensures
that all the children’s are achieving proper health and safety. This can be achieved by an
individual by getting involved in education programs to develop the learning skills.
Answer to question 2.2
It is essential to design the services so that all requirements are met and barriers are removed.
They first identify the needs of children at every stage so that proper actions re taken to
ensure that requirements are met. They basically improves the services in the area in which
they are lacking.
Answer to question 2.3
The importance of active participation is they can adapt to changes and can make clear
decisions regarding what they want. Active participation is essential as it helps us to listen to
views of an individual and also communicate with parents to have clear knowledge about
their perception (Ahmed, et. al, 2016).

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Answer to question 2.4
It is necessary to take decisions according to the age of an individual. Children’s below age
five do not understand anything, thus positive attitude can be developed using environmental
condition (Courtney and Hook, 2017). Younger children’s have skills to understand things so
positive attitude can be indulged by launching educational programs or section’s.
Answer to question 3.1
Impact of disability affects the life of an individual as they lose the ability to learn till an
effective level. Disabilities have negative impact on the life outcomes which may cause
disabilities and lower expectation in later stage. It is important to develop positive attitude
among these children as it will help them to achieve better goals.
Answer to question 3.2
Children’s are suffering from low self-esteem, low confidence, lack of discrimination,
depression hence positive impact on the outcomes of disabilities have positive output.
Focusing on every child and ignoring the disabilities else in bringing the child to love a
normal life.
Answer to question 3.3
Social model emphasis on ways to remove the hurdles that restrict in making life decisions
and ensure that every child is treated in a same manner, by avoiding the disabilities from the
society.
Medical model defines the medical conditions that encourage meeting all the needs and
trying to remove disable people.
Answer to question 3.4
Different types of support available for disable people are therapies, speech sections;
assistance care service at home, school activities and social welfares help them to overcome
from their disabilities (Wagner and Compton, 2015). Range of services are provides to

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family members so that responsibility of social services are provided to children to minimise
the impact of any disability (Hills, Dengel and Lubans, 2015).
Answer to question 4.1
Equality, diversity and inclusion in terms of positive outcomes refers that every child is
treated equally by offering equal opportunities (Carnie, 2017). This is achieved by removing
barriers and not restricting anyone to take decisions regarding their lives.
Answer to question 4.2
This could be done by care takers, who are involved with younger children. That help
children’s to break their stereo type attitude and showcasing positive image to them. This
builds positive mind-set of children’s which very useful foe development in later stage
(Roberts, 2017).
Assessment and planning with children and young people
Answer to question 1.1
Child centred approach is important as it promotes the right to every child to make its own
decisions. It helps children’s to actively participate and take decisions that lead this model in
the hope to see them flourish creatively as they explore possibilities. Allow children’s to
make connections the way they feel relevant to them and formalise decisions that affect their
lives in a positive way.
Answer to question 1.2
Knowing the needs of an individual are significant is designing plans, this can be done by
assisting participators by using assessment framework. It identifies the learning outcomes of
an individual by accessing the environment around them.
Answer to question 1.3

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Working with others to identify the needs helps in obtaining the requirements according to
their perspective (Fox, 2016). Thus team approach helps in getting secure positive outcome
for every child in the society.
Answer to question 1.4
The various approaches that are available are speech and language therapy that supports
health professional to get learning support by assisting technology. Leisure facilities are also
available for personal care. Methods involved for children and young people in the planning
process take consideration of their age, experience. This will provide different ideas of how
to engage with children and young people.
Answer to question 1.5
Permanency planning means maximizing the living situation for children by providing
protection. It is important as it helps in brain development of an individual and also providing
stability and continuity for Identity formation (Clark, 2017). It also prevents unnecessary
placements for children by timely decision-making and creates a sense of physical and legal
permanence among children.
Answer to question 2.3
Action planning is an important process that helps to focus on ideas and steps that need to
achieve particular goals. An action plan is a statement of what a child need to achieve over a
long time. Making an action plan is a good way as it helps the child to reach their objectives
and achieve desired goals in life.
Answer to question 2.5
It is important that child understand the goals and plans thus it could be achieved by
promotion of these services. This could be done encouraging people to communicate with the
individual in the environment (Nagaoka, et. al, 2015). Once the actions plans are developed
they need to be showcased to children’s so that they become aware.

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Promote the well-being and resilience of children and young people
Answer to question 1.1
Factors that influence the well-being of children are attached with their peers, emotional
security by building good relations, boosting self-esteem, nursing environment and good
fitness by getting consistent. This could be achieved by educational facilities that provide
greater understandings (Davis, 2014).
Answer to question 1.2
Resilience is very important as it helps in coping with the adverse condition and strengthens
the personal control. It adapts the ability of an individual and bounce back to normal
condition when things are not going in a right way. Resilient doesn’t allow people to dwell on
failures, as they acknowledge the failure and work for the solutions.
Answer to question 1.3
For promoting resilience in the work setting is important as it secure the relation in family
breakdown or of unstable families (Groundwater-Smith, et. al, 2014). Wellbeing and
resilience can be promoted by teaching social and emotional skills, showing interest, respect
by listening actively.
Answer to question 1.4
Working with carer is important as it contributes to resilience by encouraging children to
deploy new skills to overcome from the setbacks. Learning programmes at work place
delivers information that they need to support child’s learning.
Answer to question 2.1
Every child has social identity that is the centre of the development of children’s emotions.
These affect the negative identity that affects the ability in building positive
relation. Emotional and social identity helps to create a unique identity in the society

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Answer to question 2.2
This can be done if child access the social and emotional identity of oneself to develop a
positive image in the society to improve self-reliance (England, 2017). This is one by
observing, accessing an then taking actions to ensure that unique identity is crated.
Answer to question 2.5
By setting goals and targets of children help in boosting their self-esteem. The targets are
deciding in such a way that child can easily achieve them this will help in building
confidence by providing additional support that is necessary to achieve goals (Theron,
Liebenberg and Ungar, 2015).
Answer to question 3.2
Solution focused approach helps children to identify the goals so that positive decisions can
be made to make sure that life heads in a positive direction. It helps them to improve the
belief that they can achieve better.
Answer to question 4.4
It is important to inform relevant people about child’s heath so that proper procedures are
undertaken to protect the child from negative impacts. Relevant people are aware about the
resources that need to be used so that proper care could be provided (Machell, Disabato and
Kashdan, 2016).
Professional practice in children and young people’s social care
Answer to question 1.1
There are various social and economic factors that affect the lives of younger children
especially poor housing facility make a negative impact on their upbringing (Oldfield, et. al,
2018). Social discrimination also leads to negative impact on their development.

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Answer to question 1.2
Importance of UNRC is that it includes the child for very children like right to survive and
meet all the development requirements. It includes all the policies against the protection
from violence or abuse by enabling education facilities (Schickedanz, Dreyer and Halfon,
2015).
Answer to question 2.1
Responsibilities of:
Corporate parent – It is used to define the responsibility of children so that they access to all
the rights and promote welfare for better health (Heberle, et. al, 2018).
Professional career – Professional career depends on ensuring that vulnerable people are
provided with proper acre facility.
Answer to question 2.2
Duty of care is a concept that focuses on keeping the individual safe and keeping him/her free
from the environment that is harmful. It is safeguard plan that provides protection to
individual by coping from all the danger.
Answer to question 2.3
Professional relations are beneficial for younger children as it will help them in their
development phase and building new relations and can be used to make better placements
plan (Carter , Brock and Trainor, 2014).
Answer to question 2.4
Poor relations in professionalism impacts the growth of child as it leads to development of
negative outcome. As they become irresponsible regarding their work and no information is
updated up to date contributes to wrong execution of plans (Vora, et. al ,2014).

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Support children and young people to achieve their education
potential
Answer to question 1.1
There are various principals that support protection of children’s welfare; the values provided
are welfare care in all the areas by enduring educators and increasing the learning
development of child (Parker, 2017).
Answer to question 1.2
Current equalities legislation are Child Act 2010 and Education Act 1998 influence the
individual by promoting the equality and eliminating all the injustice from the society by
undertaken appropriate methods (Zeeman, et. al, 2017).
Answer to question 1.3
Factors that can contribute to low achievement among children and young people are
consequences of education failure due to lack of educational background. In local area
students are instable in going to school due to lack of support and encouragement.
Answer to question 3.1
The reasons for success in children’s are proper educational facilities as well as family
background that provide proper guidance and encourage them to perform well and achieve
more (Weare, 2015).
Answer to question 3.2
There are various barriers regarding the achievement of an individual it starts from home to
schools, local authority and some indiscrimination in the society (Coverdale and Long,
2015).

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Answer to question 4.1
The actions plans are designed to make sure that every individual go to schools regularly by
making sure that proper knowledge is delivered in schools (Taylor, 2015). By asking them to
attend promotion programs so that they become aware about the educational facilities.
Support children and young people to make positive changes in their
lives
Answer to question 1.1
There are various factors that affect the life of children some are related to social norms that
is due to lack of interaction. Poor parental supports make the child feel neglected and
isolated. Some children’s suffer from illness and disabilities that make them unable to grow
and get indulged in some anti – social activites (Bijleveld, et. al, 2015).
Answer to question 1.2
These factors affect the life of an individual by making them feel isolated, depressed or
stressful. Discrimination in the society also leads to mental illness or getting indulged in
negative activities (Garbarino, 2017).
Answer to question 1.3
There are various external agenesis that support positive behaviours. Some procedures are
human Right act that provide every individual the right to report for any miss – behaviour and
can acknowledge if there is any interference from the third person. Apart from that there are
various mandatory training courses given to the employees to make sure all the legal polices
are well understood so that proper actions could be taken (Bondi, et. al, 2016).
Answer to question 2.1
There are several interventions that can be used to support an individual, mechanical
invention deals with blocking the movement and social intervention make sure that no
abusive language is used.

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Answer to question 3.2
There are some planned interventions that facilities the behaviour of an environment by
looking at the evidences (Ferguson, 2016). Conducting role play helps in generating positive
practices by supporting children or young people to access further interventions.
Answer to question 3.3
Positive changes can be made like asking staff for providing different ways for development
of intellectual skills by providing proper support for protection of children and younger
people (Hills, Dengel and Lubans, 2015).

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