Annotated Bibliography Assignment

Annotated bibliography 1
Annotated bibliography
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1. Wells, K., 2015. Childhood in a global perspective. John Wiley & Sons.
The author has majored in many topics regarding the development and well-being of children.
The author has throughout the piece emphasized the importance of parents in shaping the future
of the children since it is them who design the environment in which children leave in. The
arguments of Wells have been given a global perspective whereby all aspects of the changing
world have been observed about the rapid changing notion of childhood. The main approach
applied was that of history background and comparative measurements. The author has focused
on several issues that kids are currently involved with something was once not as common. More
so, the social aspects of children have also been given priority in several chapters of the book.
The author has been able to explore on how racism, social classes, and gender have been
affecting children directly or indirectly. Throughout the book, the author makes a point that
globalization has had a very big role to play in the redefining of childhood. The growing menace
of organized crime and war have also been highlighted in the book where they have been viewed
at how the impact the lives of kids. Being the second edition, immigration and trafficking have
also been mentioned as the additional chapters.
2. James, A. and Prout, A. eds., 2015. Constructing and reconstructing childhood:
Contemporary issues in the sociological study of childhood. Routledge.
This publication addresses issues related to the psychology of children and how the society has
been having different definitions of childhood depending on the environment of the subject. The
rhetoric of who a kid is has been used as the subject content development in the entire book. The
authors have been keen to note about how the past few years kids have been profiled and given
that center stage. However, the worry that James and Prout have is that as the society has been

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profile kids in a “good” way, an error has been developed whereby children have been misplaced
in the society. They highlight at how the 21st century has been a period where all wheels driving
the society like education, medication, law and even policy development have placed kids at the
center stage but at the same time destroying the understanding and meaning of childhood. The
main themes that the authors have focused on is that childhood forms part of social construction
that gives people room to understand the early life of all people. In addition, this part of life
cannot be separated with gender, race or class because it is in the equation of social analysis. The
authors have also placed the importance of environment and children themselves in defining
their adult lives.
3. Lindsey, L.L., 2015. Gender roles: A sociological perspective. Routledge.
The authors of the book have magnified the problematic issues that are facing the society due to
lack of understanding on the roles of each gender. There are myths and misconceptions that the
society has been having and accepting regarding gender. The challenges that come up with such
myths are the reason why the authors came up with “Gender Roles.” They have come up with
arguments and well-elaborated theories that help in defiling these myths. The concepts that have
been used in the book are from a neutral perspective therefore not gender biased, and more so,
the authors have been able to identify a clear line between the roles of each gender in the society.
In coming up with their points of view for the development of the content, the authors have been
able to conduct a thorough survey of the modern gender roles. The concepts that they have been
able to come up with in the book are not only from a survey in the US but also in other parts of
the world. The gender issues that have been addressed have been discussed and analyzed in a

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sociological perspective. In making the arguments more understandable, the authors have been
able to use other disciplines like biology, psychology and history facts, and theories.
4. Bock, A.M., Gallaway, K.C. and Hund, A.M., 2015. Specifying links between
executive functioning and theory of mind during middle childhood: Cognitive
flexibility predicts social understanding. Journal of Cognition and
Development, 16(3), pp.509-521.
The results of the study by the authors as displayed by the book were able to highlight the
existence of the theory of the mind in conjunction with the executive cognitive functioning. The
working of an individual’s memory and the flexibility of the operation of the mind was found to
be increasing with age. The development was found to be at pick mostly in the middle childhood.
The authors emphasized on the fact that the mind behavior and thoughts of every individual was
determined by the executive functionality. By their findings, the authors were able to prove right
the controversy that the executive function is heavily influenced by inhibition, flexibility and the
working memory as the key determinants. The authors also asserted that the theory of the mind
has a bearing with executive functioning since the two foster the development of the other.
Despite these findings however, the authors have also been able to make it clear in the book that
executive functioning alone is not enough for the development of theory of the mind
understanding. Despite the speculative nature of the research the author developed with an
elaborated finding that spatial working of the memory improves with age. The middle childhood
mainly the age of 7 was seen as the age after which such development should be expected.