Chronic Illness Management Program: A Self-Care Approach

This presentation discusses the HOPE program for chronic illness management, specifically for diabetic patients. The program aims to provide assistance through sessions on diet and exercise plan and disease management techniques. The presentation covers the program overview, rationale, goals, planned activities, program design, evaluation, and expected outcomes. The program is designed to last for 6 months and aims to modify the lifestyle of patients by ensuring a strict nutrition and exercise regimen, monitoring glucose levels, and reducing risks. The expected outcome is for patients to feel fit, self-monitor glucose levels, and communicate effectively with physicians.

Chronic Illness
Management Presented by:-

Chronic-illness
• Chronic illness is the manifestation
of long-term disease that lasts for
more than 3 months.
• More than 50% of the world
population is seen to be affected
with some or the other chronic
disease (Brady et al.,2013).
• Some examples of chronic illness
would include, Arthritis, Asthma,
Cancer and Diabetes.
• The ‘HOPE’ program aims at
providing assistance to people in
order to ensure self-management of
chronic-illness.

Program Over-view
 The program is established on the guidelines of the self-care chronic
management program that aims to provide assistance to diabetic
patients through sessions on diet and exercise plan and disease
management techniques.
 Workshops to ensure:
 proper information about diabetes and assisted self-care
 Efficiency in managing medicines
 Proper nutrition and exercise
 6 months after workshop drastic improvement in health-stress
management and self-efficacy advocated by better communication
with physicians.

Program-Rationale
• On an average, studies have reported
371 million people to be affected with
Diabetes type-II every year (Ogurtsova
et al.,2017).
• Diabetes type-II is a clinical disease
caused due to the deficiency of Insulin
hormone and a hike in the glucose level
of the blood, a condition known as
Hyperglycemia (Shrivastava et al.2013).
• Diabetes mellitus have been ideally
defined as a pandemic chronic illness,
that requires education and support,
major lifestyle amendments and regular
monitoring of the glucose level so as to
avoid further complications. The vision
of ‘Hope’ is to educate and spread
awareness to promote self-care
(Ogurtsova et al.,2017).

Program Goals
 To ideally modify the life-style of the patients by ensuring a strict
nutrition and exercise regimen.
 To monitor the glucose level in the blood regularly.

Planned activities
Healthy eating Being alert and active Monitoring glucose-level
Intake of medication Reducing Risks
Intake of 1600-1800 calories per day
For a period of 6 months.
Engaging client in interactive-
sessions such as analytical
reasoning by simple problem
solving.
Encouraging patients
to maintain a log-
book of glucose levels
every week
Regular intake of
medication before and
after meal and
maintaining a track.
Engaging patients to report any
complications related to health
and develop better
communication with physician.

Program design rational:
 Ensuring glycaemic control
 Be able to prevent both acute and chronic complications of diabetes
 Monitor cognitive functions
 Monitor and maintain an effective correlation between carbohydrate
intake, insulin uptake and physical exercise.

Program insight:
 The wellness program would stretch for a period of 6 months according
to the following outline.
Sessions Time-span Objectives Expected results
Awareness session 20 minutes every
Monday at the
beginning of the day
To provide a detailed
over-view about
diabetes and related
complications
To develop awareness
among the clients and
generate an alert and
pro-active approach
Life-style modification 24 weeks Provide a nutritional
plan and effective
work-out session
To monitor intake of
16000-18000 calories
per day
Self-monitoring of
Glucose level
24 weeks To effectively train
about the use of Accu-
check device and
maintenance of self-
record log books
To ensure effective
communication
between patients and
physicians and keep a
track of the glucose
level

Program-evaluation:
 An intensive qualitative study was undertaken with the patients and
their respective care providers on the basis of a semi-structured, open
ended interviews with 25 patients for a period of 6 months.
 The results obtained at the end of the six-month would be analysed on
the basis of:
 Fatigue reduction and 85% energy conservation in patients
 Up to 75% utility of action plan
 85% success rate of the exercise regimen
 80% success rate of pursed lip breathing to ensure effective breathing

Evaluation-Rational
 The evaluation rational would help in accessing the lifestyle modification
factors such as inclusion of exercise and physical fitness regime to help
prevent complications.
 Factors such as cessation of smoking and consumption of alcohol would
also help in promotion of fitness.

Expected Outcome
 At the end of the 6-month tenure of the workshop,
 The patients are expected to feel fit from within and be able to develop
their personal wellness wheel
 Be able to stringently stick to the diet chart and the exercise regimen
 Be able to self monitor the glucose-level and maintain a log-book
recording the glucose level for the 6 month period
 Be able to communicate effectively with the physician and be able to
self-report about complications.

References:
Brady, T. J., Murphy, L., O’Colmain, B. J., Beauchesne, D., Daniels, B., Greenberg, M., ... &
Chervin, D. (2013). Peer reviewed: A meta-analysis of health status, health behaviors, and
health care utilization outcomes of the chronic disease self-management program. Preventing
chronic disease, 10.
Ogurtsova, K., da Rocha Fernandes, J. D., Huang, Y., Linnenkamp, U., Guariguata, L., Cho, N.
H., ... & Makaroff, L. E. (2017). IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates for the prevalence of
diabetes for 2015 and 2040. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 128, 40-50.
Powers, M. A., Bardsley, J., Cypress, M., Duker, P., Funnell, M. M., Fischl, A. H., ... & Vivian, E.
(2017). Diabetes self-management education and support in type 2 diabetes: a joint position
statement of the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes
Educators, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The Diabetes Educator, 43(1), 40-53.

References
Shrivastava, S. R., Shrivastava, P. S., & Ramasamy, J. (2013). Role of self-care in management of
diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 12(1), 14.

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