Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

This article provides an overview of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), including its causes, symptoms, and management. It emphasizes the importance of healthcare professionals in providing acute care, educating patients about signs and symptoms, and improving health outcomes. The article also highlights the role of community support groups and vaccines in managing COPD.

Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is being caused by obstructed airflow from the lungs.
It is basically a lung disease making patient’s condition worsening. This disease is being caused
if an individual is being allergic to certain type of gases or is engaged in smoking cigars. It also
increases the threat related to developing heart or cardiovascular disease. Present report will lay
emphasis on the future intention and how the problems related to this disease can be reduced. It
will also lay focus on types of nursing interventions that can be used in curing COPD. Report
will also provide details about early signs and symptoms of this disease.
MAIN BODY
As per the view of Bhakta and et.al., (2019) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is
basically preventive and treatable lung disease. In The early stage of COPD patients suffer from
shortness in breath. It basically occurs to those people who are regularly engaged in smoking
cigars or they are working more pollutant area. The common signs and symptoms of COPD
includes shortened in breath, sneezing, coughing with mucus. It has been analysed that patients
who are suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has chances of developing lung
cancer, heart disease and also variety of other disease (Wedzicha and et.al., 2017). Emphysema
and Chronic Bronchitis are the two most common conditions which is being linked to COPD. It
is really essential that patients have proper management so that their quality of life can be
controlled. It will reduce the threat related to this disease. It has been analysed that the symptoms
of this disease is often invisible, it only is visible when lung damage appears significantly.
Problems related to this disease will continue to develop when patients are exposed to smoke.
The main symptoms include daily cough and mucus.
In the opinion of Martinez and et.al., (2019) it is really necessary for patients suffering from
COPD to have an idea about the early signs and symptoms of this disease. It can include
shortness of breath, wheezing, tightness in chest, chronic cough, blueness of the lips. The main
cause of COPD in developed countries is tobacco smoking. In the developing world, COPD
often occurs in people exposed to fumes from burning fuel for cooking and heating in poorly
ventilated homes. So it is really necessary for health care professionals to make patients
understand about the early signs and symptoms of this disease. This will assist them in
improvising health outcome of service users. COPD can also enhance the risk of infection in
lungs, depression, high blood pressure. So it is the duty of health care professionals to be

engaged in analysing the early signs and symptoms of this disease. COPD can increase the risk
of hypertension in the arteries which brings the blood to lungs of human body. It is also known
as pulmonary hypertension. It has also been analysed that problem related to breathing can make
service users in staying away from exciting activities that one can enjoy and can also make them
face serious illness. Patients can face various complications if they are facing this disease. It has
been analysed that service users’ needs to quit tobacco smoking so that this problem can be
prevented. It has also been identified that patients who are suffering from COPD needs to be
involved in taking proper nutrient and doing physical exercise.
In the view point of Voelkel, Mizuno and Cool, (2017) pulmonary rehabilitation program is
also been provided by various clinical care settings. It will assist service users in improvising
their health aspects. It will also assist them in enhancing their quality of life. It has been analysed
that community support groups in providing education and opportunities to patients who are
suffering from COPD. It has been analysed that health care professionals must be engaged in
preventing smoking cessation. Public and government agencies are being engaged in
discouraging people to stop smoking. This can assist the clinical care setting in reducing the rate
of death that is being related to lung disease. Behavioural therapy can be given by nurses and
health care professionals so that they can make patients reduce the habit of smoking cigars.
It has also been analysed that those patients with very severe COPD can be provided with
surgery, it can include lung transplantation which involved removing the part of lungs that has
been severely affected by emphysema. This procedure also can include the patients from
moderate to severely ill patients (Gaffney and et.al., 2019). Various types of vaccines can be
provided by health care professionals nurses and midwives to service users who re going through
this. It has been analysed that patients must be motivated stop smoking cigars as this will support
them in overcoming from this chronic disease. It has been analysed that nurses have the most
significant role is promoting healthy behaviour in patients. They are engaged in providing
support to patients and their families so that they can cope with this chronic condition. They are
also engaged in educating patients and their family members about early signs and symptoms of
this disease. This can assist nurses in improvising health outcome of patients.
Future intentions to reduce this condition of COPD
After completing my degree, I will be engaged in providing acute and chronic care to
patients who are being suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bronchodilators is

one of the common medicine which is bene provided to patients who are been suffering from
lung disease like this. Also I will make sure that service users are engaged in making proper use
of inhaler and nebulizer. In order to reduce the inflammation in the airways Glucocorticosteriods
can be used. If someone is at last stage of this disease, I will also be engaged in giving service
users the oxygen therapy when the blood oxygen level is really low. Supplement oxygen can be
provided to patients through nasal cannula so that they can breathe better. Also I will make sure
that service users are been engaged in implementing changes in their life style conditions. Like I
will motivate them to quit smoking. In future after completing my degree I will be engaged in
providing person centered care to patients who are suffering from Chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. This will help me in improvising health outcome of service users and also enhancing
their quality of life. I have also realized that it is really essential for me to have a proper
knowledge about the early signs and symptoms of COPD. This will assist me in identifying the
problems faced by patients at an early stage.
It will also help me in providing them education and knowledge related to early signs and
symptoms so that service users can also take preventive measures. After completion of my
degree I will also make sure to provide patients with behavioral therapy so that they can quit
tobacco smoking. I will ensure that service user is been engaged in taking proper diet and also
they are involved in doing regular exercise. This will assist me in improving health outcome of
patients. I have also analyzed that Problems related to this disease will continue to develop when
patients are exposed to smoke. The main symptoms include daily cough and mucus. So it is the
duty of health care professionals to be engaged in making patients aware about the early signs
and symptoms so that problems related to it can be solved out. I have analyzed that patients who
are going through COPD can also face depression. So in order to avoid this condition in future I
will be engaged in doing effective communication with individuals suffering from COPD. This
will help me in analyzing their problems and also I will be able to provide them with acute care
through this. It will assist me in removing the effect of this disease.
CONCLUSION
From the above study, it has been summarized that COPD is lung disease that can be caused
because of smoking cigars, living in polluted area or sometimes because of genetics. It has been
analyzed that health care professionals must be engaged in providing acute care to patients who
are suffering from it. They have also been providing education related to signs and symptoms of

COPD. This has assisted in improvising health outcome of individual’s. It has also assisted
health care professional in improving quality of life of people. It has also been analyzed from
report that the clinical care setting is been engaged in reducing the rate of death that is being
related to lung disease. It has been analyzed that community support groups in providing
education and opportunities to patients who are suffering from COPD. This has assisted them in
improvising health outcome of patients. It has also improved quality of life of individuals. There
are different types of vaccines which has been given by health care professionals nurses and
midwives to service users who are going through COPD.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bhakta, P. and et.al., 2019. Trial of Noninvasive Ventilation with Pressure or Adaptive Support
in Acute Exacerbation of COPD by Sehgal IS et al: Further Considerations. COPD.16(3-
4), pp.303-304.
Voelkel, N.F., Mizuno, S. and Cool, C.D., 2017. The Spectrum of Pulmonary Disease in COPD.
In COPD (pp. 195-207). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Martinez, F.J. and et.al., 2019. Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate Metered Dose Inhaler (GFF
MDI) Improves Lung Function in GOLD Category A Patients with COPD: Pooled Data
from the Phase III PINNACLE Studies. In B45. COPD: TREATMENT (pp. A3345-
A3345). American Thoracic Society.
Gaffney, A.W. and et.al., 2019. Effect of high-deductible health plans on healthcare access,
financial strain, medication adherence, and outcomes for patients with COPD: findings
from the National Health Interview Survey. In D93. PAYING FOR CARE IN
PULMONARY DISEASES (pp. A7033-A7033). American Thoracic Society.
Wedzicha, J.A. and et.al., 2017. Management of COPD exacerbations: A European respiratory
society/American thoracic society guideline. European Respiratory Journal. 49(3).
p.1600791.

1